保定城区地表灰尘污染物分布特征及健康风险评价

2910200910ActaScientiaeCircumstantiaeVol.29,No.10Oct.,2009:(973)(No.2005CB724207,2006CB403307);(No.20070027029)SupportedbytheNationalBasicResearchProgramofChina(No.2005CB724207,2006CB403307)andtheSpecializedResearchFundfortheDoctoralProgramofHigherEducation(No.20070027029):(1983),,E2mail:[e-mail];3(),E2mail:[e-mail]:ZHENGXiaokang(1983),male,E2mail:[e-mail];3Correspondingauthor,E2mail:[e-mail],,,.2009.[J].,29(10):2195-2202ZhengXK,LiCH,HuangGH,etal.2009.PollutantdistributioninurbandustsofBaodingandhealthriskassessment[J].ActaScientiaeCircumstantiae,29(10):2195-22021,2,1,3,3,1,4,1,3,1,31.,1008752.,4500033.,1008754.FacultyofEngineering,UniversityofRegina,Regina,Saskatchewan,S4S0A2:2009201208:2009204221:2009207228:,614,NP,.,(ChronicDailyIntake,CDI)CdCrCuPbZn5.,,,Cd(5.10mgkg-1)Cr(470mgkg-1)Pb(997mgkg-1)Zn(1377mgkg-1)P(999mgkg-1),Cu(867mgkg-1)N(19.40mgkg-1).CdCr,;PbZnCu,.Cd1.2510-5,EPA10-6,12.5,;0.124,10%,.:;;;:025322468(2009)1022195208:X513:APollutantdistributioninurbandustsofBaodingandhealthriskassessmentZHENGXiaokang1,2,LIChunhui1,3,3,HUANGGuohe1,4,YANGZhifeng1,3,PANGAiping1,LBYing31.MinistryofEducationKeyLabofWaterandSandScience,SchoolofEnvironment,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing1008752.YellowRiverEngineeringConsultingCo.,Ltd.,Zhengzhou4500033.StateKeyLaboratoryofWaterEnvironmentSimulation,SchoolofEnvironment,BeijingNormalUniversity,Beijing1008754.FacultyofEngineering,UniversityofRegina,Regina,Saskatchewan,S4S0A2Received8January2009;receivedinrevisedform21April2009;accepted28July2009Abstract:ThisstudyfocusedoncharacterizationofheavymetalsandnutrientsinthedustofthecityofBaoding,China.Thirtysixsampleswerecollectedfromfourteensamplingpointsincludingsixland2usetypes.Mostofthesiteswereimperviousgroundsuchasoffice,commercial,residential,industrialandtrafficareas,aswellasbuildingroofs.ConcentrationsofCd,Cr,Cu,Pb,ZnandorganicNandPweremeasuredtoinvestigatetheirdistributionandpossiblesources.Theresultsshowedthatthemeanconcentrationofpollutantsinthebuildingroofswasgenerallyhigherthaninotherareas,followedbythecommercial,traffic,industrial,officeandresidentialareas.Inaddition,thehighestconcentrationsofCd(5.10mgkg-1),Cr(470mgkg-1),Pb(997mgkg-1),Zn(1377mgkg-1)andP(999mgkg-1)werefoundonthebuildingroofs.However,thehighestconcentrationofCu(867mgkg-1)andN(19.40mgkg-1)werefoundincommercialareas.CdandCrhadthemostcomplexandvariedsources.TheconcentrationsofPb,ZnandCuinallareasweremoreconsistentandhadsignificantcorrelations,indicatingtheyweremainlyfromtrafficemissions.Basedontheabovedata,theCDI(chronicdailyintake)modelwasappliedtoassessthehealthrisksassociatedwithCd,Cr,Cu,PbandZninthedustofBaoding.TheresultsshowedthatthecancerriskindexofCdwas1.2510-5,whichwashigherthanthesoilmanagementstandardoftheEPA.Thehighcancerriskindexesindicateapossibleincreaseofapproximately12.5cancerpatientspermillionpeople.Thenon2cancerousaverageriskindex(0.124)ofthefiveheavymetalswaslessthanthestandardvalue,whichimpliedanon2carcinogenicrisktothehealthoftheresidents.Keywords:urbandusts;heavymetals;nutrient;healthriskassessment291(Introduction),,(Akhteretal.,1993;Kellyetal.,1996).,()4,.,CdCrCuPbZnNi(Nagerotteetal.,1998;Hanetal.,2006;,2007).,,(Stiglianietal.,1991),(Mantaetal.,2002).,(),(Gliksonetal.,1995;Heikkietal.,2006;Grimmetal.,2008),,(Mielkeetal.,1999;Rasmussenetal.,2001).,Pb(Oskarsonetal.,1995).CuCdCrZnAsHg(ICRCL,1983;Chatterjeeetal.,1999),,(Boccaetal.,2004;Peczeetal.,2005;Sengeretal.,2006).,(Burianetal.,2002;Nakayamaetal.,2005;Murakamietal.,2008).,,,,..(Sezginetal.,2003;Omar,2004),(Serifeetal.,2006),(Shiltonetal.,2005;Wonnyonetal.,2007);GIS(),(Hanetal.,2006,2008;Shietal.,2008).,(CdCrCuPbZn)(NP),,.2(Materialsandmethods)2.13,.20,,60105,44km296km2,19941010445104(2007).20071103.26109m3,SO23124104t,9671.00t,247.61104t.2.2(),,(Schueler,1994;Arnoldetal.,1996).6,14,1.,;,;,;,;,;,(30m),(20m),.20085226157223,7d9d7d,36,12.RU101691210:(17kPa)(Liuetal.,2007;Koseetal.,2008),,50m84%(Brisetal.,1999);7d,(Koseetal.,2008);10m2,510min,300g,.1(OA:;CA:;RA:;IA:;TA:;BR:)Fig.1ThelocationofsamplingsitesofurbandustintheBaodingurbanarea(OA:Officearea;CA:CommercialArea;RA:ResidentialArea;IA:IndustrialArea;TA:TrafficArea;BR:BuildingRoof)2.3,100;0.1g,3mLHNO31mLHCLO41mLHF(),16045h,;,,,1mL,;10mL,JYULTIMAICP2AES(0.1%RSD)CdCrCuPbZn(0.10.20.11.00.06mgkg-1)P,3.20mg(1823mg),ElementarVarioEL(0.1%RSD)N.3(GSS21,GSS23,GSS26),;3(8%),10%,6.5%.2.4,.CDI,.,CDI,(,2008).3(Results)3.13.1.11,A.1,CdCrCuPbZn29.33.381113.05.3,;CdPb10,Cd30,CdPb.1Table1AveragepollutantsconcentrationinurbandustsindifferentlanduseareasofBaodingmgkg-1CdCrCuPbZnPN(OA)2.420220.0183.0216.0407.06075.93(CA)3.080227.0398.0423.0526.080410.75(RA)2.870228.0118.0197.0281.06252.92(IA)2.480208.0145.0285.0364.06374.17(TA)2.840208.0178.0214.0376.06815.19(BR)4.710312.0171.0614.0882.08377.952.840225.0177.0279.0416.06665.3530.09768.321.821.578.4--3:(,1990);-.7912293.1.22(CdCrCuPbZn)PN,SPSS13.0Friedman,p=0.0010.05,6.,.Cd(5.10mgkg-1)Cr(470mgkg-1)Pb(997mgkg-1)Zn(1377mgkg-1)P(999mgkg-1)2Fig.2