高考英语定语从句考点

定语从句theAttributiveClause定语从句(一).定语从句构成及种类:1.Theschoolwhereweliveandstudylieswestofthetown.2.I,whoamyourEnglishteacher,willtrymybesttohelpyou.限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句结构：先行词+关系词+定语从句(二).如何使用引导词:1.关系代词主语宾语定语指代人指代物2.关系副词_______,______,______who(that)whom(that)whosewhichthatwhichthatwhosewhenwherewhy链接高考:1.(2006北京)Women______drinkmorethantwocupsofcoffeehaveagreaterchanceofhavingheartdiseasethanthose______don’t.2.(2004上海)Afastfoodrestaurantistheplace__________,justasthenamesuggests,eatingisperformedquickly.whowho▲▲where▲3.(2003北京)Wearelivinginanage________manythingsaredoneoncomputer.4.(2005北京春)Doyoustillrememberthechickenfarm_______________wevisitedthreemonthsago?5.(1996NMET)AfterlivinginParisfor50years,hereturnedtothesmalltown_________hegrewupasachild.whenthat/which（）where6.(2006福建)Lookout!Don’tgetclosetothehouse________roofisunderrepair.7.(2002上海)Isthisthereason___________heexplainedtothemeetingforhiscarelessnessinhiswork?whose(that/which)1.关系代词that与which的不同点2.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句3.as引导的定语从句4.一些特殊词之后定语从句关联词的选择5.定语从句与其它从句、强调句型的比较高考热点1:that与which的不同点:A.1).Hehandedeverything_______hehadstolen.(1988MET)2).Theonlything_______wecandonowistoworkhardatourlessons.3).Thisisthemostexcitingfilm_________Ihaveeverseen.4).Theytalkedofthepersonsandthings___________theyrememberedintheschool.(that)(that)▲▲(that)▲(that)------------------------------4).Whoistheman___________isstandingoverthere?总结:下列5种情况下,要用that引导定语从句,不能用which.1).当先行词是all,much,little,something,anything,everything.nothing等不定代词时;或者先行词被all,much,little,some,any,every,no等词修饰时;that▲2.当先行词被序数词和最高级修饰时;3.当先行词被theonly;thevery;thefirst;thelast等词修饰时;4.当先行词中既有人又有物时;5.当主句中有who或者which时,为了避免重复,定语从句只能用that引导.B.1.(2005浙江卷)Jimpassedthedrivingtest,________surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.2.(1998NMET)Wilmabecamethefirstwomantowin3Olympicgoldmedalsintrack,________madehermotherveryproud.3.(2004北京卷)Luckily,wehadbroughtamapwithout________wewouldhavelostourway.whichwhichwhich▲-----------------------------------总结:下列两种情况下不能用that引导定语从句:1.引导非限制性定语从句,不能用that;2.关系代词前有介词前置时,不能用that;再如:Thisistheclassroom______________westudyin.Thisistheclassroomin____________westudy.(that/which)which▲高考热点2:介词+关系代词的考查1.(2006湖南卷)Wesawseveralnativesadvancingtowardsourparty,andoneofthemcameuptous,________wegavesomebellsandglasses.A.towhichB.towhomC.withwhomD.withwhich2.(2005山东卷)Hewaseducatedatalocalgrammarschool,__________hewentontoCambridge.A.fromwhichB.afterthatC.afterwhichD.fromthat3.(2006浙江卷)Iwasgiventhreebooksoncooking,thefirst_____Ireallyenjoyed.A.ofthatB.ofwhichC.thatD.which4.(2005重庆卷)Markwasastudentatthisuniversityfrom1999to2003,______hestudiedveryhardandwasmadeChairmanoftheStudents’Union.A.duringwhichtimeB.forwhichtimeC.duringwhosetimeD.bythattime★★高考热点3:_______________1.(NMET)Theteachersetussuchadifficultproblem________noneofusworkedout.(对比:Theteachersetussuchadifficultproblem________noneofusworkeditout.)2.(2000上海春)Thesehousesaresoldatsuchalowprice_______peopleexpected.asthat-------as--------------as引导的定语从句3.(2001NMET)_______isknowntoeverybody,themoontravelsaroundtheearthonceeverymonth.总结:1.as可以引导限制性定语从句，先行词中有such,as,so,thesame等词修饰,构成固定搭配:such……as……;as……as…….,so……….as……;thesame….as….同时as充当从句的主语、宾语或者表语.As2.as还可以引导非限制性定语从句,代表主句的所有内容,as从句既可以放在主句前,也可以放在主句后.从句动词经常是:see,know,mention.imagine,mention,expect,pointout等词.as的含义为“正如,像….一样”Notes:which也可以引导非限制性定语从句,代表主句的所有内容,但是which从句只能放在主句后。as与which引导非限制性定语从句的区别:1.(1998上海)Hewasveryrudetothecustomsofficer,_______ofcoursemadethingsevenworse.2.(1999NMET)CarolsaidtheworkwouldbedonebyOctober,_________personallyIdoubtverymuch.3.(2004北京)_______isreportedinthenewspapers,talksbetweenthetwocountriesaremakingprogress.whichwhichAs4.(2005浙江)_______Iexplainedonthephone,yourrequestwillbeconsideredatthenextmeeting.As3.______isknowntoall,heisthebeststudent.4.Jimpassedthedrivingtest,_____surprisedeverybodyintheoffice.Aswhich难点一：as的用法as\that\which1.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanlift.2.Itissuchabigstone_____nobodycanliftit.asthat归纳：1．as引导限制性定语从句先行词前常被such,thesame,so,as修饰，即构成such…as,thesame…as,so…as,结构，做题时容易忽略。as在定语从句中应充当成分如：主语、宾语或表语。２．as与which引导定语从句都能指代整句内容，但定语从句位于句首时，只能用as,意为“正如、恰如”。高考热点4:一些特殊词之后定语从句关联词的选择:A.1.(2003上海)Icanthinkofmanycases________studentsobviouslyknewalotofEnglishwordsandexpressionsbutcouldn’twriteagoodessay.2.(2007陕西）Todaywearegoingtodiscussanumberofcases________beginnersofEnglishfailtousethelanguageproperly.wherewhere3.(2006山东卷)Wearejustgoingtoreachapoint_________bothsideswillsittogetherandtalk.4.(2007江西卷)Aftergraduationshereachedapointinhercareer_________sheneededtodecidewhattodo.但是，有时候需要克服思维定势，具体问题具体分析：-----Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourself?-----Yes,thereisonepoint_______wemustinsiston.2006江西卷＞wherewhere(that)---------------------1.I’vecometothepointwhereIcan’tstandhim.2.Thecountryisinthesituationwhereawarwillbreakoutatanytime.我已经到了无法容忍他的地步了。国家正处在随时有可能爆发战争的局势中。where引导的定语从句先行词大多数情况下是表示地点的名词，但也有特殊情况。难点：一些特殊词之后的where解析：如果定语从句分别修饰point,situation,part,condition和case等表示抽象意义的词，常用where引导，意思是“到了某种地步，在某种境况中”。填上合适的关系词并分析原因：1.Theway_________________heexplainedthesentencetous