自动化专业英语考试题与复习

Ⅰ.Vocabulary(词汇)(40分)1.FillintheblankswiththecorrespondingEnglishabbreviations．(根据汉语写出相应的英语缩写。每题1分，共10分)2.TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoChinese．(写出下列词组的汉语。每题1分，共10分，)3.TranslatethefollowingwordsandexpressionsintoEnglish．(写出下列词组的英语。每题2分，共20分)Ⅱ．Comprehension(阅读理解)(10分)4.Tellwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)accordingtothepassage.(根据上文的内容判断下列句子的正误。10分)Ⅲ.Translation．翻译(50分)5.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese．(将下列句子翻译成汉语。共15分)6.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish．(将下列句子翻译成英语。共15分)7.TranslatethefollowingparagraphintoChinese.(将下段文章翻译成汉/英语.共10/20分)abbreviation1.半导体可控整流器，可控硅semiconductorcontrolledrectifier(SCR)2.比例积分微分控制器，PID控制器proportionalplusintegralplusderivativecontroller3.不间断电源uninterruptiblepowersupply(UPS)4.场效应晶体管fieldeffecttransistor(FET)5.多输入多输出控制系统multipleinputmultipleoutputcontrolsystem(MIMO)6.单输入单输出控制系统singleinputsingleoutputcontrolsystem(SISO)7.电流源逆变器current-sourceinverters(CSI)8.电压源逆变器voltage-sourceinverters(VSI)9.短期记忆shorttermmemory(SIM)10.方法库waybase(WB)11.方法库管理系统waybasemanagementsystem(WBMS)12.光符阅读机（OCR）opticalcharacterreader13.集成电路芯片IC(integratedcircuit)chip14.交流电alternatingcurrent(AC)15.可编程控制PLC(ProgrammableLogicController)16.脉宽调制pluse-widthmodulation(PWM)17.气关式air-to-close（AC）18.气开式air-to-open（AO）19.人工智能artificialintelligence(AI)20.直接数字控制，directdigitalcontrol(DDC)21.运算放大器operationalAmplifier(OA)Vocabulary-11.Automaticcontrol自动控制2.Dynamicsystem动态系统3.Differentialequation微分方程4.Frequencyresponsemethods频率响应方法5.Root-locusmethods根轨迹的方法6.Feedbackcontrolsystem反馈控制系统7.Optimalcontrol最优控制Vocabulary-21.Forcingfunction2.Mathematicalmodel3.First-orderdifferentialequation4.Transient-responseanalysis5.Frequency-responseanalysis6.Ordinarydifferentialequation7.Partialdifferentialequation8.Theprincipleofsuperposition9.Lineartime-invariant/time-varyingsystem10.NonlinearsystemVocabulary-31.Controlaction2.Two-positionoronoffcontrollers3.Actuatingerrorsignal4.Closed-loopsystem5.Referenceinputsignal6.Self-operatedcontrollers7.Setpoint8.Flowrate9.Actuatingelement10.DifferentialgapVocabulary-41.Laplacetransform2.ratecontrol速率控制，微分控制3.Resetrate复位率4.transientperiod过渡周期5.feedbackpath反馈通道6.second-order二阶的7.blockdiagram方块图8.loaddisturbance负荷（负载）扰动9.negativefeedback负反馈10.Fundamentalprinciple基本原则Vocabulary-51.scompensationtechnique补偿技术、校正方法2.Performancespecification性能规范3.time-domainperformancemeasures时域性能指标4.Rise/settlingtime上升/调整时间5.phase/gainmargin相位/增益裕度6.trial-and-errorapproach逐次逼近法7.Adjustparametersetting调整参数设置8.steady-statebehavior稳态特性9.seriescompensationandfeedback(orparallel)compensation串联校正和反馈(并联)校正10.lag-leadcompensator滞后/超前校正装置基于GPS/GPRS的公交车自动报站系统设计•摘要：结合GPS定位，对车辆的状态信息（位置、速度等）进行实时采集及分析，当车辆到达预定位置时，实现公交车的自动报站功能；通过GPRS网络，将公交车的状态信息及时传输到公交监控调度中心，然后通过中心上位机软件的操作，实现对公交车的监控调度、信息更新的功能.采用SD卡存储多条线路信息及MP3语音文件，便于公交车更换公交线路，同时实现高品质语音信息的播放.•关键词：自动报站；GPS；GPRS；信息更新；监控调度•DesignofGPS/GPRSbusstopautomaticannouncerDesignofAutomaticStationReportSystemforBusBasedonGPS/•Abstract:CombiningGPSpositioningtechnology,thebusstatus(informationlocation,speed,etc.)inreal-timearecollectedandanalyzed.Whenthebusisscheduledtoarriveatthelocation,theautomaticstationreportfunctionsisrealized.ThroughtheGPRSnetwork,necessarybusstatusinformationshouldbetransmittedtothebusmonitordispatchingcentertimely,andthenthroughthecenteroftheoperationofPCsoftware,toachievethefunctionofthemonitoring,schedulingandupdatinginformation.SDcardisusedtomemorizetheinformationofanumberoflinesandMP3audiofiles,itisfacilitatedtoreplacebuslines,andatthesametimehigh-qualityvoiceinformationplayisrealized.•Keywords:automaticstationreport;GPS;GPRS;informationupdating;monitoring;dispatching基于μPD78F0034单片机的出租车计费器的设计与实现•摘要:介绍了基于μPD78F0034单片机和模块式结构的出租车计费器的软件和硬件设计方法,讨论了μPD78F0034单片机的主要特点;介绍了该单片机和PC机串行通信的硬件连接方法;同时给出了采用单双信号防作弊技术来防止计费器作弊的具体实现方法。•关键词：出租车计费器；μPD78F003；串行通信；防作弊技术•Abstract：ThehardwareandsoftwaredesignmethodofTaxi-meterbasedonμPD78F0034microcontrollerandmodulestructureareintroducedinthispaper.Themainfeatureofmicrocontrollerarediscussed,andthehardwareconnectionoftheserialcommunicationbetweenthemicrocontrollerandPCarealsogiven.Theanti-tamperingtechnologyforsingleandthedouble–signalintaxi-meterisproposedhere.•Keywords:Taximeter;μPD78F0034;Serialcommunication;Anti-tamperingtechnology•(1)In1922Minorskyworkedonautomaticcontrollersforsteeringshipsandshowedhowstabilitycouldbedeterminedfromthedifferentialequationsdescribingthesystem．1922年，迈那斯基研究用于驾驶船舶的自动控制器，并提出根据描述系统的微分方程可以决定定系统的稳定性。(3)反馈控制系统借助于参考输入和输出的偏差来实现相应的控制功能。Afeedbackcontrolsystemtendstoachievethecorrespondingcontrolwiththeaidofthedifferencebetweenthereferenceinputandtheoutputofthesystem.(2)Inanexperimentalinvestigationofadynamicsystem，ifcauseandeffectareproportional，thusimplyingthattheprincipleofsuperpositionholds，thensystemcanbeconsideredlinear．对一个动态系统做实验研究，当系统的输入和输出成比例则说明其满足叠加原理，那么该系统可以被认为是线性系统。(2)数学模型是对一个实际物理系统动态特性的数学描述，微分方程和传递函数是最常用的形式。Themathematicaldescriptionofthedynamiccharacteristicsofasystemiscalledamathematicalmodel,themostusualformarethedifferentialequationandthetransfer-function．(1)Wesh