小胡萝卜—吉县苹果市场的发展现状及对策研究

吉县苹果产业发展研究小胡萝卜中文摘要:山西省优越的自然条件给予其苹果产业的发展带来得天独厚的优势。随着改革开放以来农村的产业结构调整、经济发展，山西苹果种植面积发展和苹果的产量有所提高，并跃居全国前几位。苹果产业作为农村产业结构调整后的发展结果，进而成为了山西农村产业、农村经济的支柱发展产业之一。吉县地理位置处在山西西部，地处吕梁山南端，属黄土高原残垣沟壑区，西临黄河中游,是典型的山区农业县,其境内昼夜的温差较大、高原海拔较高、光照条件较好、森林的主要覆盖率为45%。吉县之所以能够成为我国国内主要的几大苹果最佳优生区之一的原因，很大程度上是这些相对独特的生态条件为吉县苹果生产带来的更大的可能性。近年，吉县苹果产业随着社会主义市场经济的深入发展而得到更好的发展，迎来了许多发展机遇，但与此同时，吉县苹果产业也遇到了一些亟需进行破解的、突出的发展问题。在分析了国内外苹果产业的相关研究动态的基础之上，本文对苹果产业的发展展开了综合评述，并提出了适于本文研究题目的研究思路、采用了相应的研究方法。吉县苹果发展中取得了一定的成就，但苹果产业中仍存在一些问题：难以形成周年均衡供应现象；果农生产销售缺乏市场化意识；苹果包装问题；果农分散生产经营。研究进一步探讨造成以上问题的原因：果农生产与销售观念传统、苹果产业投入有限、对发展机遇的认识与把握不够及苹果产品营销程度低。研究结合中国果业发展协会苹果产业发展的相关建议，并根据本文研究结果进一步提出了针对于吉县苹果产业发展的相应的对策与建议：优化果树品种结构，调节品种比例；对果园进行整形改造；统一集中培训果农，提高果农的市场化意识；改进包装；建立苹果市场产业链，重点突出龙头企业。以期为吉县当地苹果产业更好的发展提供参考。关键词：吉县；苹果产业；现状及问题；对策AppleMarketDevelopmentStatusandCountermeasuresofJixianCountyAbstractThesuperiornaturalconditionsinShanxiProvincebringsuniqueadvantagestothedevelopmentofitsappleindustry.Withtheadjustmentofindustrialstructureandeconomicdevelopmentinruralareasincethereformandopeningperiod,theappleindustryinShanxihasbecomeapillarindustryinitsRuralEconomicDevelopmentandofwhichtheappleacreageandyieldleapttotheforefront.LocatedinthewestofShanxiandsouthernofLuliangmountain,whichbelongsruinsgullyareaoftheLoessPlateau,thewestofJixianCountyneartheYellowRiver’smiddlereaches,JixianCountyisatypicalmountainagriculturalcounty.Withitsterritorytemperature,highaltitude,lightenough,45%ofitsforestcoveragerate,itsuniqueecologicalconditionsmakesJixianCountybecomeoneoftheApple'sbesteugenics.Asthemarketchangesinrecentyears,Jixianappleindustryhasalsoencounteredsomeoutstandingissuesneededtocrackinthedevelopmentprocess.Basedontheanalysisoftheappleindustryresearchtrendsathomeandabroad,onthebasisofacomprehensivereview,thisresearchhasputforwardideasandmethodsofthewholestudy.AppledevelopmentinJixianCountyhasmadesomeachievements,butalsometsomeproblems:difficulttoformabalancedannualsupplyphenomenon;farmerslackofmarket-orientedproductionandmarketingawareness;Applepackagingissues;growersdecentralizedproductionoperations.Thisresearchhasfurtherexploredcausesoftheseproblems:Thetraditionalproductionandsaleconceptofthefruitgrowers,thelimitedinvestmentofappleindustry,theinsufficientunderstandingandgraspofdevelopmentopportunities,thelowmarketinglevelofApple'sproduct.CombinedwithChinaFruitIndustryDevelopmentAssociationrecommendationsfortheappleindustrydevelopment,thisresearchhasproposeddevelopmentsuggestionsfortheappleindustryofJixianCounty:optimizingthestructureofvarietiesandfruittrees,adjustingtheproportionspecies;shapingandtransformingtheorchard;centralizedtrainingthefruitgrowers,improvingtheirmarketconsciousness;improvingpackaging;buildingApple'smarketchain,focusingontheleadingenterprises.AllabovearetoprovideareferenceforthebetterdevelopmentofJixianCountylocalappleindustry.Keywords:JixianCounty;appleindustry;currentsituationandproblems;countermeasures目录中文摘要........................................................................................................................................ABSTRACT..................................................................................................................................绪论...................................................................................................................................................1选题缘由.....................................................................................................................................2研究综述.....................................................................................................................................3研究目的......................................................................................................................4研究意义.....................................................................................................................................5研究内容.....................................................................................................................................6研究方法.....................................................................................................................................7研究创新点.................................................................................................................................7研究重难点.................................................................................................................................第1章吉县苹果市场的发展现状................................................................................1吉县苹果种植及产量分析.....................................................................................................1.1吉县苹果的种植状况.....................................................................................................1.2吉县苹果的产量状况.....................................................................................................2吉县苹果价格与市场分析.....................................................................................................1.1吉县苹果的价格分析..........................................