高三英语单元基础知识复习(9)

KnowntotheChineseasthe“LongWallofTenThousandLi”，theformidabledefensivestructuresbuilttowardoffinvasionoftheCelestialEmpirebybarbariansiscalledtheGreatWallortheWallofChinabyEuropeans.TheGreatWallTheprincipaloftheseextraordinaryfortificationsgoesbacktotheChunqiuperiod(722－481BC)andtotheWarringStatesperiod(453－221BC)．Theconstructionofcertainwallscanbeexplainedbyfeudalconflicts,suchasthatbuiltbytheWeiin408BCtodefendtheirkingdomagainsttheQin.Itsvestiges(残留部分),conservedinthecentreofChina,antedateby(先于)manyyearsthewallsbuiltbytheKingdomsofQin,ZhaoandYanagainstthenorthernbarbariansaround300BC.Beginningin220BC,QinShihuang,thefounderoftheEmpireoftheTenThousandGenerations,undertooktorestoreandlinkuptheseparatesectionsoftheGreatWallwhichhadbeenbuiltinthe3rdcenturyBC,orperhapsevenearlier,andwhichstretchedfromtheregionoftheOrdostoManchuria.Towardsthewest,hehadextendedthefortifications(防御工事；加强),thefirstcohesivedefensesystemofwhichsignificantvestigesstillremaininthevalleyoftheHuangheallthewaytoLanzhoushortlybeforetheaccessionoftheHanDynasty(206BC)．Duringtheirreign，theGreatWallwasextendedevenfurther,andundertheemperorWudi(140－87BC)itspannedapproximately6,000kmbetweenDunhuanginthewestandtheBohaiSeaintheeast.ThedangerofincursionalongthenorthernChineseborderbythefederatedMongols,TurksandTunguzoftheEmpireoftheXiongnu,thefirstempireofthesteppes,madeadefensepolicymorenecessarythanever.AfterthedownfalloftheHanDynasty(AD220),theGreatWallentereditsmedievalphase.Constructionandmaintenanceworkswerehalted(停止);Chinaatthattimeenjoyedsuchgreatmilitarypowerthattheneedforadefensepolicywasnolongerfelt.1.WhywastheGreatWallbuiltinancientdays?2．Whichkingdombuilttheearliestwall?Andwhenwasitbuilt?3．InwhichdynastydidtheGreatWallreachitslongestspan?答案1.TowardoffinvasionoftheCelestialEmpirebybarbarians.2.TheWeiin408BC.3.TheHanDynasty.Readthepassageandanswerthefollowingquestions.1．n．考古学→adj.考古学的，考古的→n．考古学家2．v．统一→n．统一3．v．题写，刻写→n．题词，碑文4．n．皇帝→n．女皇，皇后→n．帝国Module3TheQinTombandtheTerracottaWarriorsPeriodOneIntroduction&ReadingandVocabulary(1)课件（外研版选修9）Ⅰ.单词识记archaeologyarchaeologicalarchaeologistunifyunificationinscribeinscriptionemperorempressempire5．adj.面部的→n．脸，面部6．v．建筑；组成→n．(道路的)建筑，建造7．v．调查；侦查→n．调查；侦查8．adj.空的；中空的v．许可；允许facialfaceconstructconstructioninvestigateinvestigationhollowallow1．makea举办展示会2．have玩得开心3．致力于4．把……描述为……5．脱落；发生；举行6．theworld全世界7．befor为……做准备8．depend依赖，依靠9．想起10．in在昏暗的灯光下Ⅱ.短语天地presentationfunworkondescribe...as...comeoffalloverreadyonthinkofthehalflight1．Ittook700,000workers37yearstobuildthetomb，whichwassaidtocontaingreattreasure.[信息提取]Ittakessbsometimetodosth表示“做某事花费了某人多长的时间”。[例句仿写]每天我都得用2个小时来做作业。Ⅲ.句型搜索Ittakesmetwohourstodothehomeworkeveryday.2．Whenthearchaeologistsstarteddigging，theyfound6,000claywarriorsburiedinanundergroundpit.[信息提取]buriedinanundergroundpit是过去分词短语在句中作claywarriors的宾语补足语。[例句仿写]当我回到家时，我发现自行车被偷了。WhenIarrivedhome，Ifoundmybikestolen.3．EverytimeIseeoneofthesenames,Ithinkofthemenwhomadethesefiguresover2,000yearsago[信息提取]everytime是连词，意为“每次”[例句仿写]每次去上海，我都去看望一下王教授。EverytimeIgotoShanghai,I'llgotoseeProfessorWang.阅读课文，根据课文内容判断正误。1．Manyterracottawarriorsmadeofclaywerediscovered3,000yearsago.()2．AlltheChinesechildrenwillbeabletotellyouthatQinShihuangwastheemperorwhofirstunifiedChinaover2,000yearsago.()3．WhenQinShihuangbecamekingofthestateofQinattheageof13，heorderedworkerstoconstructtheGreatWall.()Ⅳ.预读理解××√4．Over7,400warriorsweremadeusingthesamemethods.()5．Thesoldiers'uniformsshowtheirpositioninthearmy.()√√Allthesesmallstateswereunifiedintoonenation.所有这些小国被统一成一个国家。It'salmostimpossibletoagreeonaunifiedbasicprice.几乎不可能商定一个统一的基本价格。Thenewleaderhopestounifythecountry.新领袖希望把国家统一起来。1．unifyvt.使成一体，统一，联合；使相同；使一致unionn．联盟；工会；联合unitev．联合；团结unificationn．统一theunificationofGermany德国的统一【翻译句子】西班牙在16世纪统一。【归纳拓展】Spainwasunifiedinthe16thcentury.Hesaidhewouldnotrobagain.他说他再也不抢劫了。(1)抢夺(财物)；劫掠；盗走Iwasrobbedofmywatch.我的手表被抢走了。Theyrobbedthebankofthousandsofdollars.他们抢走了那家银行几千美元。(2)剥夺(某人有权享有的东西)Theaccidentrobbedhimofhishealth.那次事故使他丧失了健康。2．robvi.抢劫；盗窃robbern．强盗，盗贼robberyn．抢劫；盗取；抢劫案robsbofsth从某人处抢走某东西【完成句子】他们把他打倒在地，抢走了他的公文包。Theyknockedhimdownand.【归纳拓展】robbedhimofhisbriefcaseShewantedtobeburiedatSt.Peter's.她希望被埋在圣彼得公墓。Heburiedthemoneyhestoleintheearth.他把偷来的钱埋到了土里。【归纳拓展】buryoneselfin...埋头于……buryone'sheadinthesand闭眼不看现实buryone'sface/headinhands把脸/头埋于手中deadandburied不再重要的3．buryvt.埋葬【翻译句子】离婚后，她埋头于工作。Afterthedivorce,sheburiedherselfinherwork.(1)adj.①中空的，空心的ahollowball/tube中空的球/中空的管子Thetrunkishollowinside.这树干里面是空的。②(通常放在名词前)无诚意的；虚伪的hollowpromises/threats空洞的许诺/虚张声势的威胁ahollowlaughter/voice虚伪的笑声/声音(2)vt.hollowsthout挖空(某物)；挖出(孔、洞)以建造hollowoutatunnel挖隧道Hollowoutthecakeandfillwithcream.在蛋糕上挖个洞，填入奶油。4．hollow【完成句子】Bambooislight，for(里面是空的)．itishollowinsideImanagedtogluethepiecesbacktogether.我把碎片粘合起来了。Thereisatubeofglueonthetable.桌子上有一管胶水。Shegluedthelabelontothebox.她把标签贴到箱子上。Gluethetwopiecesofcardboardtogether.把这两张硬纸板粘在一起。【归纳拓展】glueAto/ontoB把A粘到B上glueAandBtogether把A、B粘在一起begluedtosth全神贯注看着某物gluetothespot动弹不了；惊呆了，吓呆了5．gluen．胶水；v.粘合，粘牢；粘贴①那个男孩一天到晚跟着他母亲。【完成句子】②我们能用强力胶粘好那只破杯子吗？Canweme