GPS_北斗授时系统软件的设计与实现

GPS/北斗授时系统软件的设计与实现重庆大学硕士学位论文（学术学位）学生姓名：杨玉婷指导教师：潘英俊教授专业：光学工程学科门类：工学重庆大学光电工程学院二O一三年五月DesignandImplementationofGPSandBeidouTimeServiceSystemSoftwareAThesisSubmittedtoChongqingUniversityinPartialFulfillmentoftheRequirementfortheMaster’sDegreeofEngineeringByYangYutingSupervisedbyProf.PanYingjunSpecialty:OpticalEngineeringCollegeofMaterialScienceandEngineeringofChongqingUniversity,Chongqing,ChinaMay2013重庆大学硕士学位论文中文摘要I摘要随着现代社会生活节奏的加快，在众多领域中人类对时间的精确性都提出了严格的要求。而在国防科技工业中，对高精度的授时和校时的要求更为苛刻，其中用于武器装备试验的靶场就必须具有较高精度的授时系统。由此，本论文研究并设计出了一种卫星授时系统，采用以GPS(GlobalPositionSystem)授时方式为主，并且兼容北斗授时的系统来达到靶场高精度授时的目的。论文在考虑授时方案时，通过对多种授时方式的比较后，选择精度高、技术较成熟的GPS授时方式为主要授时方式，并考虑到我国自主研发的北斗卫星技术日趋成熟，因此本系统还兼容北斗授时方式。系统采用具有国际通用标准的IRIG-B时间码进行时间同步传输，既能够满足精度要求又具有与其他系统的兼容性。论文简要介绍了系统设计过程中的硬件部分，包括对满足要求的GPS接收芯片的选型；高精度晶振的选用与频率准确度的校正设计；选用具有实时性和并行处理能力的现场可编程门阵列（FPGA-FieldProgrammableGataArray）作为系统的核心处理器件，从而实现对时间码的编码；分析了CPCICPCI(CompactPeripheralComponentInterconnect)接口标准的优势后，将整体系统设计成为CPCI板卡形式。论文重点介绍了系统软件设计中的两个部分。第一个部分主要是针对FPGA实现对IRIG-B直流码的编码功能的设计。第二个部分是采用MFC(MicrosoftFoundationClasses)技术编写一个对系统性能进行测试的PC机测试软件，完成的内容包括显示时码板提供时间、GPS接收器原始数据、本地当前时间、时码板的相应设置等。在完成整个GPS授时系统的设计后，对其进行测试，结果表明该授时系统的授时精度能够满足靶场授时系统的精度要求。关键词：卫星授时，IRIG-B码，可编程逻辑器件，编码，MFC重庆大学硕士学位论文英文摘要IIABSTRACTWiththeacceleratedpaceofmodernsocietylife,peopleproposestrictrequirementsregardingtheaccuracyoftimeinmanyfields.Indefense-relatedscience,technologyandindustry,therequirementsofhigh-precisiontimeservicearemorestringent,andtherangeforweaponrytestmusthaveahigh-precisiontimeservicesystem.Inviewofthis,thispaperdesignandimplementationthesatellitetimeservicesystem.ThesystemismainlyusingGPS(GlobalPositionSystem)satellitetimingpatternandiscompatiblewithBeidoutimingpatterntoachievethepurposeofhigh-precisiontimingintherange.Whenconsideredthetimingscheme,wecomparedvarietyoftimeservicemodes,andselectedGPStimingpatterntobemaintimeservicepattern,whichhasthehigherprecisionandthematuretechnology.InconsiderationofincreasingmaturitydomesticallymanufacturedBeidousatellitetechnology,thesystemisalsocompatiblewithBeidoutimingpattern.WeadoptedIRIG-Btimecodetotimesynchronizationtransfer,asthistimecodemeettheaccuracyrequirementsandtheinternationalstandardforcompatiblewithothersystems.Thepaperbrieflydescribesthehardwarepartofthesystemdesignprocess.IncludingselectingtheGPSreceiverchiptomeettheappropriaterequirements;selectinghigh-accuracycrystalanddesigningcorrectionwayofcrystalfrequencyaccuracy;usingreal-timeandparallelprocessingcapabilitiesfieldprogrammablegateentirearray(FPGA)asthecoreprocessingdevicesofsystem,sothattoachievetimecodeencoding;designingthesystemcircuitboardasstandardCPCI(CompactPeripheralComponentInterconnect)boardforsatisfyingthedesiredfunctionalrequirements.Thepaperfocusesonthetwopartsofthesystemsoftwaredesign.ThefirstpartismainlyforFPGArealizesthedesignoftheIRIG-B(DC)encodingfunction.ThesecondpartistheuseofMFC(MicrosoftFoundationClasses)technologytoeditaPCtestsoftwareforcompletingthesystemperformancetest.Inparticular,thePCtestsoftwareimplementsthefollowingfunctions:displayingthetimederivedfromtheCPCIboard;showingtherawdataoftheGPSreceiverandthelocalcurrenttime;completingtheCPCIboardset.AftercompletingthedesignoftheGPStimeservicesystem,testresultsshowthat重庆大学硕士学位论文英文摘要IIIthetimingaccuracyofthissystemmeetshigh-precisiontimeservicerequirementsintherange.Keywords:satellitetiming,IRIG-Btimecode,programmablelogicdevices,encoding,MFC重庆大学硕士学位论文目录IV目录中文摘要..........................................................................................................................................I英文摘要........................................................................................................................................II1绪论.....................................................................................................................................11.1引言.......................................................................................................................................11.2课题研究背景.......................................................................................................................11.3时间统一系统的组成...........................................................................................................21.4论文的主要内容及结构安排...............................................................................................32授时基本原理与总体设计方案.....................................................................................42.1授时系统概述.......................................................................................................................42.1.1几种授时方式的比较...............................................................................................42.1.2GPS卫星授时和北斗卫星授时的理论基础............................................................82.2IRIG-B技术的概述............................................................................................................132.3.1IRIG时码技术的发展历史.....................................................................................132.3.2IRIG时码格式简介...........