weee & rohs 环保法令教材

TestingeverywhereformarketsanywhereEuropeanChemicalandPackagingRequirementsforElectrical&ElectronicEquipmentRichardSmithTechnicalKnowledgeManagerIntertek–Labtest(Leicester)欧洲对电子和电器设备化学和包装的要求TestingeverywhereformarketsanywhereEuropeanChemical&PackagingRequirements•WasteElectrical&ElectronicEquipment(WEEE)Directive2002/96/EC.废弃电子电气设备指令2002/96/EEC•RestrictionoftheUseofCertainHazardousSubstancesinElectricalandElectronicEquipment(RoHS)Directive2002/95/EC.电子电气设备中禁用特定有害物质指令2002/95/EEC•PackagingandPackagingWasteDirective94/62/EC.包装及包装废弃物指令94/62/EC•CadmiumDirective91/338/EEC.镉含量指令91/338/EECTestingeverywhereformarketsanywhereWEEEDirectiveOverview概述WasteElectricalandElectronicEquipment(WEEE)Directive2002/96/EC.废弃电子电气设备指令2002/96/EC•PublishedintheOfficialJournal13February2003(OJL37,13.2.2003,p.24).于2003年月13日发布•Endoflifemanagementofelectricalandelectronicequipment(EEE).对于电子电器设备中止使用的管理•Transposedintonationallawby13August2004.2004年8月13月转为正式的国家法律•Comesintoeffect13August2005.2005年8月13日起正式实施TestingeverywhereformarketsanywhereWEEEDirectiveScope–General范围-一般CoversdiscardedEEE:•Designedtooperateatamaximumvoltageof1,000Va.c.or1,500Vd.c;and最大工作电压不超过1000Va.c或1500Vd.c，通过电流、电磁场、发电机、变压器工作的设备或测量这种电流的设备；和•Fallingwithin10categoriesofWEEE(AnnexesIA&IB);适用于10类产品•Includesallcomponents,sub-assembliesandconsumablesformingpartoftheEEEwhendiscarded.包括产品的所有元件、配件及消耗材料ExcludesEEEthatis不包括：•PartofequipmentnotcoveredbytheWEEEDirective;不在WEEE指令覆盖范围的设备•Specificallyintendedformilitaryuse.军事用途TestingeverywhereformarketsanywhereWEEEDirectiveScope–Categories范围-分类1.Largehouseholdappliances大型家用电器2.Smallhouseholdappliances;小型家用电器3.IT&telecommunicationsequipment;IT及通讯设备4.Consumerequipment;消费性设备5.Lightingequipment;Exceptfilamentlightbulbs&householdluminaires.照明设备（白炙灯泡和家用照明光源除外）6.Electrical&electronictools;Exceptlargestationaryindustrialtools.电子电气工具（大型固定工业用途工具除外）7.Toys,leisure&sportsequipment;玩具、休闲及运动设备8.Medicaldevices;Exceptimplanted&infectedproducts.医疗器材（植入部件或污染处除外）9.Monitoring&controlinstruments;监控设施10.Automaticdispensers.自动售货机TestingeverywhereformarketsanywhereWEEEDirectiveDefinitions–Producer定义-生产者•Anypersonwho,regardlessofthesellingtechniqueused:无论采用何种销售手段，有以下行为者视为废旧设备的生产者•Manufacturesandsellselectricalorelectronicequipmentunderhisownbrand;Or生产或销售自有品牌的电子或电气设备者;或•Resellssuchequipmentproducedbyothersuppliers;Or转售其他供应商生产的设备者；或•ImportstheseproductsonaprofessionalbasisintoaMemberState.进口这些电子电气设备者到欧盟成员国内进口商，如远程销售或网上购物TestingeverywhereformarketsanywhereWEEEDirectiveDefinitions–Distributor定义-分销商AnypersoncommerciallyprovidingEEEtotheenduser.E.g.aretailer.将电子电气设备卖给消费者的销售商（如：零售商）TestingeverywhereformarketsanywhereWEEEDirectiveDefinitions-HouseholdWEEE定义-家用WEEE•WEEEdiscardedfromprivatehouseholds;AND家用电子电气产品废弃物；和•WEEEdiscardedbycommercial,industrial,institutionalorothersourceswhichbyitsnature(type)andquantityaresimilartoWEEEfromprivatehouseholds.由商业、工业、社会机构或其他来源的、品质类似于家用WEEE的废弃电子电气设备TestingeverywhereformarketsanywhereWEEEDirectiveRequirements–Outline要求-概要•Productdesign.产品设计•Separatecollection.分类回收•Treatment.处理•Recovery.回收再用•Financing.费用支付•Marking&information.有标识及相关信息TestingeverywhereformarketsanywhereWEEEDirectiveProductDesign产品设计Productdesignsshall产品的设计应当:•Allowselectiveremovalofcertainmaterials/components.允许有选择性地淘汰处理某些原料和部件。•Permitrepairandend-of-lifedismantlingfortherecovery(reuse&recycling)ofmaterials/components.准许修复或淘汰产品分解出的原料和部件的回收利用（再利用和循环在利用）•Notincludedesignfeatureswhichhinderreuse,unlessrequiredforoverridingreasonssuchassafetyorenvironmentalprotection.产品不得有妨碍再利用的设计，除非是出于安全及环保因素考虑Furtherimplications深层的含义:•Reducetheweightofmaterialused降低产品原料的重量。•Minimisethenumberofdifferentmaterials将不同原料的数量降到最自小•Usematerialscompatibleforrecycling用能与其他产品兼容的原料以便再利用.TestingeverywhereformarketsanywhereWEEEDirectiveSeparateCollection-AllWEEE分类回收-所有WEEE•Producers,ortheirthirdparties,areresponsiblefortheseparatecollectionoftheirownWEEE.生产者，或他们的第三方代理，有责任负责分类回收他们自己的WEEE.•SeparatelycollectedWEEEshallbetransportedsoastooptimisethereuseorrecyclingofwholeappliancesorcomponents.分类回收的WEEE应当确保可以使整个产品和部件被最佳化的再利用和循环再利用TestingeverywhereformarketsanywhereWEEEDirectiveSeparateCollection-HouseholdWEEE分类回收-家用WEEE•Separatecollectionshallbefreeofchargeforconsumers.分类回收对消费者是免费的。•Distributors(e.g.retailers)supplyingnewEEEshalltakebackoldproductsonalike-for-likebasis.分销商（如零售商）在销售新产品的同时应当回收旧产品。•Othertake-backsystemsmaybeallowediffreeandasconvenientasusingthedistributor.可以允许制定其他免费和便利的回收系统•Targetof4kgofseparatelycollectedWEEEperinhabitantperyearby31December2006.在2006年12月1日，要达到每人（欧盟常驻居民）每年4公斤的分类回收目标。•MemberStatesmayprovidealternativetake-backarrangementswhereWEEE:欧盟成员国可以提供其他的回收安排，当：–Doesnotcontainessentialcomponents;or不包含重要的部件；或–Containsotherwaste.包含其他费料•SpecificarrangementsshallbemadeforWEEEthathasbeencontaminatedduringuse.在使用过程中受到污染的WEEE应当实施特殊的处理安排TestingeverywhereformarketsanywhereWEEEDirectiveTreatment-SelectiveRemoval处理-淘汰•Allliquids;所有液体•CapacitorscontainingPCB’s&PCT’s;含有PCB’s&PCT’s的电容•Mercury-containingcomponents;含汞零件•Batteries;电池•Printedcircuitboardsfrommobilephones;手机的电路板•Printedcircuitboardsfromoth