转型时期乡村组织行为与乡镇企业发展

X,,,,,,,,,1965,,(100732)X,,:,,1998,201,:??2090,?,,,,:27,;;;;;;,,,,,,lu,,,;,;,,,,lv;lw,,,,,,,,,,37lulvlw:,200111WeitzmanandXu,ChineseTownship2VillageEnterprisesasVaguelyDefinedCooperatives.JournalofComparativeEconomics,vol.18(1994),pp.121145.:?,:,436475CheandQian,InsecurePropertyRightsandGovernmentOwnershipofFirms.QuarterlyJournalofEconomics,vol.113(1998),pp.467496.:,19994:,201205;:,200111ChangandWang,OntheNatureoftheChineseTownshipandVillageEnterprises.JournalofComparativeEconomics,vol.19(1994),pp.434452.CheandQian,InstitutionalEnvironment,CommunityGovernment,andCorporateGovernance:UnderstandingChinasTownship2VillageEnterprises.JournalofLaw,Economics,andOrganization,vol.14(1998),pp.123.:,19959:,:,356384:,:,103141;Li.D,ATheoryofAmbiguousPropertyRights:TheCaseoftheChineseNon2stateSector.JournalofComparativeEconomics,vol.23(1996),pp.119:,,,1997,437460:,:,,1989,103141,,,,,,,,,;,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,90,,:;;,;4720032Hart,Firms,ContractsandFinancialStructure.Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,1995.HartandMoore,PropertyRightsandtheNatureoftheFirm.JournalofPoliticalEconomy,vol.98(1990),pp.11191158.GrossmanandHart,TheCostsandBenefitsofOwnership:ATheoryofVerticalandLateralIntegration.JournalofPo2liticalEconomy,vol.94(1986),pp.691719.()E,E,E,E,E,,,,,E,EGG,G,G,,,,,G,,,G,EG,G,,EG,;,,,,E{i,k},{e};,{i}{e,k},k,iei,R(i)R(i)i,eC(e)C(e),R(i)-C(e),R(i)-C(e)-i-eEG,,ie,,,,,1:R(i)-C(e)0,R(i)=0,C(e)=0,R(i)C(e)57Williamson,EconomicInstitutionsofCapitalism.NewYork:theFreePress,1985,pp.5256.E,2:R0,R0,C0,C0,R(i),C(e)R5RP5i,R52RP5i2,C5CP5e,C52CP5e23:R(i,k,e)R(i,k,)R(i),|C(e,k,i)||C(e,k)||C(e)|R(.)5R(.)P5i,C(.)5C(.)P5e,|C(.)|C(.)EG,,,,,,,,,,R(i)C(e)ie,EGR(i)C(e)ie,R(i)-C(e)EG,i=0,e=0,R(i)=0,C(e)=0,EGEG,,EG,EG1()01EG21,EG,,,,EG,EG,EG{i,k,e},,ie:6720032E,G1-GrossmanandHart,TheCostsandBenefitsofOwnership:ATheoryofVerticalandLateralIntegration.JournalofPoliticalEconomy,vol.94(1986),pp.691719.HartandMoore,PropertyRightsandtheNatureoftheFirm.JournalofPoliticalEconomy,vol.98(1990),pp.11191158.Hart,Firms,ContractsandFinancialStructure.Oxford:OxfordUniversityPress,1995.Hart,ShleiferandVishny,TheProperScopeofGovernment:TheoryandanApplicationtoPrisons.QuarterlyJournalofEco2nomics,vol.112(1997),pp.11271161.CheandQian,InsecurePropertyRightsandGovernmentOwnershipofFirms.QuarterlyJournalofEconomics,vol.113(1998),pp.467496.RajanandZingale,PowerinaTheoryoftheFirm.QuarterlyJournalofEconomics,vol.112(1998),pp.387432.:,200111=R(i,k,e)-C(e,k,i)-i-e(1)(i3,e3)(1),i3[0,),e3[0,)EG,,:R(i3)=1(2)C(e3)=-1(3)(2)(3),,EG:,11(),E,{i,k}E,G,,EG,,,,E,,GE,R(i,k)-C(e),,:pe=1P2[R(i,k)-C(e)]-i(4)pg=1P2[R(i,k)-C(e)]-e(5)(ip,ep)(4)(5),ip[0,),ep[0,)E,:R(ip)=2(6)C(ep)=-2(7),EG:p=R(ip)-C(ep)-ip-ep(8)(),,EGG{k,e}GE,,GE,E{i}G,EG,G,,EG:ce=1P2[R(i)-C(e,k)]-i(9)cg=1P2[R(i)-C(e,k)]-e(10)(ic,ec)(9)(10),ic[0,),ec[0,)G,:R(ic)=2(11)C(ec)=-2(12),EG:c=R(ic)-C(ec)-ic-ec(13)77()23,(6)(11)(2),(7)(12)(3),:1:,1,EG,,EG,,,EG,,(6)(11),(7)(12),23:2:,E;,G223R(i)=2,C(e)=-2,EG,ipic,ecep,,,,,,,,,E,G(),,,cp,,cp,,,,:1:1P21,MaxiR(i)-i,E1P21,MaxeC(e)+e,G2:,,R(i)R(i)+(1-)i,EC(e)C(e)-(1-)e,G1,,E,Ei=„i;G,Ge=„e12:3:,;,8720032,2,E,,G,G,E22:4:,,,33E,i=„i,G,G,,,G,E44,,,()EG,,,;,G:(1),G,;(2),G,G,[0,1]=0,=1G,EG(1-)[R(i)-C(e)],:se=1-2[R(i)-C(e)]-i(14)sg=1+2[R(i)-C(e)]-e(15)(is,es)(14)(15),is[0,),es[0,),:R(is)=21-(16)C(es)=-21+(17)(16)(6)(11),(17)(7)(12),:5:,E,G55,G,,G34,E,;,G97,,5,,,G,(),,80,,,,,,,90,,,90,,,,,,,,,,,,,,198519868212,75,75%,,,,,,,,1984,?,,80?,,,,,,,,GE42,,,,,,,08200321986,1417,515%(,1990)111:,:,71102,,EG,42,,,80,,,34,,;,,:(1);(2);(3),,,,,;,,,()1984,,,,,,,,,,4290,,,,GE,cp,,,,G,18:,19993;::,19994;:,20008,:,71102;,:,312332,,,Naughton,Chi2neseInstitutionalInnovationandPrivatizationfromBelow.TheAmericanEconomicReview,vol.84(1994),pp.266270,,:,7784G,:(1),,(2)1984,,(3),,,,(4)1994,,,(5)1994,,,(6),,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,2820032:,200111CheandQian,InsecurePropertyRightsandGovernmentOwnershipofFirms.QuarterlyJournalofEconomics,vol.113(1998),pp.467496.Li.D,ATheoryofAmbiguousPropertyRights:TheCaseoftheChineseNon2stateSector.JournalofComparativeEconomics,vol.23(1996),pp.119.::,19994,,90,,:(1);(2),,1:R(ip)=2,3,R(ip,k,e)R(ip,k)=2,R(ip,k,e)R(i3,k,e)=1R(i)0,ipi3ici3C(ec)=-2,3,C(ec,k,i)C(ec,k)=-2C(ec,k,i)C(e3,k,i)=-1,C(e)0,ece3epe32:R(ip)=R(ic)=2,3,R(ic,k)R(ic),R(ip,k)R(ic,k)R(i)0,icipC(ep)=C(ec)=-2,3,C(ep)C(ep,k),C(ep,k)C(ec,k)C(e)0,epec3:ip=ic=„i2ecep,C(e)0,cpec=ep=„e,pc4:R(i)R(i)+(1-)i,=R(i)-C(e)-i-e=[R(i)-i]-C(e)-e,lim0=-C(e)-e,E,G,C(e)C(e)-(1-)e,E5:R(is)2,R(is)R(ip),R(is)R(ic)R(i)0,isip,isicC(es)-2,C(es)C(ep),C(es)C(ec)C(e)0,esep,esec:38:,199812:,200010judicialreviewofanti2dumpingissuedbytheSupremeCourtofChinainDecember2002upgradedtheinternationalstandardofanti2dumpingjudicialreviewinChinaandacceleratedthelegalizationofadministrativemeasuresagainstdumping.Forthefirsttimeinitshistory,acleardemarcationwasdrawnbetweenfactualandlegalinvestigationinthestructureofjudicialreviewprocedure.Withtheadministrativeprocedureofanti2dumpingmeasures,thesignificanceoflegalityintheevidentialsystemreg