高三英语一轮复习语法 定语从句

Grammar-studyTheattributiveclauses基本定义：1）在复合句中，用于修饰句中某一名词或代词的从句被称为定语从句。2）引出定语从句的词叫关系词（关系代词/关系副词）；关系词在从句中充当某一成分。3）被修饰的词被称为先行词。examplesfromthetext:1、……,soIhaveincludedsomephotos______helpyoupicturetheplace_____Italkabout.2、SometimesIwonderhowrelevantchemistryistothesestudents,mostof_____willbebacktotheirvillagesafterYear8.whichwhich/thatwhom2007Whileshewasgettingmesettledintoatinybutcleanroom,theheadofthevillagewastyinguphishorsetomycartopullittoasmalltownsome20kilometresaway36therewasagarage.2009Janepausedinfrontofacounter35someattractivetieswereondisplay.wherewhere2010Hefilledhisleathercontainersothathecouldbringsomebacktoanelder32hadbeenhisteacher.who2011Behindhimwereotherpeopleto_______hewastryingtotalk,butaftersomeminutestheywalkedawayandsatnearme,lookingannoyed.2012Ofcoursewhenevertheyturnedtolookathim.theyhadtolookatMary,____madeherfeellikeastar.whomwhich2013[江苏卷]Aftertheflooding,peopleweresufferinginthatarea,____urgentlyneededcleanwater,medicineandsheltertosurvive.who1.that与which2.介词+关系词3.as的使用4.对where、when的考查5.综合考查考点难点关键词从句：clause(s)先行词：antecedent(s)修饰：modifyvt限制：restrictvt关系代词：relativepronoun(s)关系副词：relativeadverb(s)基础知识回顾:关系词及其意义指代人指代事物所属关系指地点指时间指原因who,whom,that,aswhich,that,aswhosewherewhenwhy关系代词关系副词归纳总结主语、宾语:which、that、who、whom、as定语：whose如whosefather,whosewindow(s)状语：where,when,why…thereasonwhy…自我设问：(1)划分句子成分重要吗？“主语、宾语、定语、状语”是什么？(2)遇到先行词是“时间或地方”，that/which/where/when关系词的使用时，我是否吃不准？(3)我是否能区分“限制性定语从句”还是“非限制定语性从句”？巧判关系词：(1)念从句部分，判断所缺成分Isthistheschool___________wewanttogoto?Thisistheschool.Wewanttogototheschool.Isthistheschool___________wewanttogo?Thisistheschool.Wewanttogototheschool.Isthistheschool___________islikedbyeveryone?Thisistheschool.Theschoolislikedbyeveryone.Anyway,thatevening,____I’lltellyoumoreaboutlater,IendedupstayingatRachle’splace.(2004浙江)A.whenB.whereC.whatD.whichwhich/thatwhich/thatwhereD巧判关系词：(2)关系词与介词短语互代法IwillrememberMay1,1996,_____Iwasborn.IwillrememberMay1,1996,on_____Iwasborn.Thisisthestore___Ionceboughtcigarettes.Thisisthestore___whichIonceboughtcigarettes.whenwhichwherefromat巧判关系词：(3)a.标点“.”“……,…..”b.连词（and,or,but…)也致命①Hehastwosons,__arecollegestudents.②Hehastwosons,and__arecollegestudents.A.bothofwhichB.bothofwhomC.bothofthemD.bothofit**Hehasthreesons.__________arecollegestudents.CBAllofthem1.Manystudentsinthisschool,someofwhicharenotoverweight,aregoingondiets.2.Thereare57studentsinourclassandtenofwhichcomefromUS.whomCorrection:them1.Ihaveasisterwhoworksinahospital.我有一位在医院工作的姐姐。(不只一位姐姐)2.Ihaveasister,whoworksinahospital.我有一位姐姐，她在医院工作。（只有一位姐姐）presentationHismother,wholoveshimverymuch,isstrictwithhim.China,whichwasfoundedin1949,isbecomingmoreandmorepowerful.这两句可否去掉逗号变成限制性定语从句？Thisisourlibrary,_________manycomputersareinstalled.Thisisourlibrary,and_________manycomputersareinstalled.Thisisourlibrary._________manycomputersareinstalled.wherethereThere从句、分句、独立句(??)限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句形式上意义上译法上关系词的使用形式上不用逗号和主句隔开用逗号隔开用法上是先行词修饰、限定的定语，不能删除是对先行词的补充、说明，删除后意思仍完整译法上1.翻译成先行词的定语，“…的…”2.关系词不翻译1.通常翻译成两句并列2.关系词要翻译关系词的使用1．做宾语时可省略2．可用that1.即使做宾语，也不可省2.不用that，可用which/who/whom/as限制性非限制性1.Themonksaid,“Iwon’tputonanyclotheswhichwillmakemedifferentfrommyfellowmen.”2.Themonksaid,“Iwon’tputonanyclothes,whichwillmakemedifferentformmyfellowmen.”Thetruthis…(???)试译：1.Weshouldgototheplace_____wearemostneeded.2.Weshouldgototheplace_____needsusmost.A.itB.whereC.thatD.whatBC对比训练1.ItwasOctober_____wemetinZhenjiangforthefirsttime.2.ItwasinOctober_____wemetinZhenjangforthefirsttime.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.whileCA对比训练1.Heissuchagoodteacher_____wealllikehim.2.Heissuchagoodteacher_____wealllike.A.whomB.thatC.asD.whichBC4.①Hestilllivesintheroom__windowfacestotheeast.②Hestilllivesintheroom,thewindow__facestotheeast.③Hestilllivesintheflat__isinthenorthofthecity.④Hestilllivesintheroom__thereisabeautifultable.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.ofwhichCADB5.①___weallknow,Chinaisrichinnaturalresources.②___iswell-knownthatChinaisrichinnaturalresources.③___iswell-known,Chinaisrichinnaturalresources.A.WhichB.AsC.ItD.ThatBCB6.①Isthismuseum___hevisitedlastmonth?②Theteachertellsusthat___cleanstheblackboardistobepraised.A.thatB.theoneC.whichD.theonewhoBD1.Imettheladyinthepark_____showedushowtomakeacake.A.whichB.whoC.whereD.whom2.Thisisthehouse_______helivedwhenhewasachild.A.whichB.thatC.inwhereD.inwhich3.Thewatcheswhich_____repairedlastweekhavenotbeensentback.A.wasB.isC.wereD.are4.Thebaby______sheis________ismylittlebrother.A.whom,lookingB.who,takingcareC.afterwhom,lookingD.whom,lookingafter5.Thegentleman______youtoldmeyesterdayprovedtobeathief.A.whoB.aboutwhomC.whomD.withwhom6.Thisistheonlybus_____goestothevillage.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.whoChoosethebestanswertofillintheblanks:Assignment我永远不会忘记去年暑假参观BeijingArtInstitute，也就是我师姐李颖绮在读的大学的日子。她带我参观了那的各项设施，包括非常吸引我的图书馆。在那里，在校生超过了一万人，他们所有人都为将来的光明前途而奋斗着，这点是我之前没有想到的。事后，我们又谈论了我们俩想起在镇江一中时的各种活动和老师们。她是我学习得榜样，我决心努力学习来报答为我辛勤工作的父母和老师们。（尽量使用定语从句翻译）Iwillneverforgetthedayslastsummervacation,whenIwenttotheBeijingArtInstitute,wheremyschoolmateLiYingqiisstudying.Sheshowedmearoundtoseethevariousfacilities,includingthelibr