形容词的比较级和最高级

形容词的比较级和最高级(1)1.在英语中，在表示“比较…”和“最…”时，形容词要用特别的形式，称为“比较级”和“最高级”，原来的形容词称为“原级”：原级比较级最高级strong强stronger较强strongest最强2.形容词的比较级和最高级的构成方法如下：a.单音节词和少数双音节词以加-er和-est的方式构成：原级比较级最高级young年轻younger较年轻youngest最年轻old老older较老oldest最老clean干净cleaner较干净cleanest最干净在加词尾时要注意下面的各种情况：情况加词尾法例词一般情况直接加词尾small,smaller,smallest以e结尾的词加-r，-stlarge,larger,largest以辅音＋y结尾的词变y为i，再加词尾busy,busier,busiest以“辅音字母”结尾的词将这字母双写再加词尾big,bigger,biggestb.其他词都在前面加more,most构成比较级及最高级：原级比较级最高级importantmoreimportantmostimportantdifficultmoredifficultmostdifficultinterestingmoreinterestingmostinterestingusefulmoreusefulmostuseful3.用比较级时常用than引起一个从句，表示和什么比较：Hisroomisbiggerthanmine.他的房间比我的房间大。Sheisyoungerthanmysister.她比我妹妹年轻。Exercises:I.学会下列形容词的比较级和最高级：原级比较级最高级1.talltallertalleststrongstrongerstrongestoldolderoldest2.largelargerlargestfinefinerfinestlatelaterlatest3.bigbiggerbiggesthothotterhottestthinthinnerthinnest4.easyeasiereasiestbusybusierbusiesthappyhappierhappiest5.valuablemorevaluablemostvaluabledangerousmoredangerousmostdangerouscomfortablemorecomfortablemostcomfortableII.给出下面形容词的比较级和最高级：1.bright2.fat3.lazy4.safe5.heavy6.wide7.high8.close9.long10.dirty11.sad12.brave13.silly14.beautiful15.early16.prosperous17.interesting18.delicious19.difficult形容词的比较级和最高级(2)1.有几个形容词有特殊的比较级和最高级形式：原级比较级最高级goodwellbetterbestbadillworseworstmanymuchmoremostlittlelessleastfarfartherfurtherfarthestfurthestoldolderelderoldesteldest小贴士1：elder和eldest可用来表示兄弟和子女的长幼顺序：myeldersister我的姐姐myeldestbrother我的大哥theireldestson他们的长子小贴士1：further表示“较远”外，还可表示“进一步的”；而farther仅表示距离：Thefartherplantsaretoocold.更远的行星太冷。Doyouneedanyfurtherhelp?你还需要更进一步的帮助吗？2.双音节词除了以“辅音＋y”结尾的词外，还有以ow,er,le结尾的词，和个别其他双音节词，可以用加词尾的办法构成比较级和最高级：原级比较级最高级narrownarrowernarrowestclevercleverercleverestsimplesimplersimplestcommoncommonercommonest3.也有少数单音节词可以加more和most的办法构成比较级和最高级：原级比较级最高级pleasedmorepleasedmostpleasedtiredmoretiredmosttiredgladmoregladmostgladExercises:I.给出下面形容词的比较级和最高级：1.bad2.good3.simple4.common5.far6.narrow7.old8.little9.happy10.many12.glad13.much14.tired15.careful16.comfortableII.在空格中填入所给形容词的适当形式：1.Sheistwoyear___thanme.She’sthe___girlinourclass.(young)2.Billis___thanTom.He’sthe___ofthethreechildren.(old)3.Johnisthe___boyintheclass.(clever)4.Cairoisthe___cityinEgypt.(big)5.Herbicycleis___thanmine.(good)6.Mycoldis___todaythanitwasyesterday.(bad)7.Tokyois___fromBeijingthanfromShanghai.(far)8.Thisquestionis___thantheotherone.(simple)9.Thisstreetis___thanBeijingRoad.It’sactuallythe___streetinthewholecity.(narrow)10.Itis___inHongKongthaninKunming.(hot)11.Mycoldisgetting___.(bad)12.The___manhasthe___leisure.(busy,much)13.Ididn’thavethe___desiretogotobed.(little)14.Manchesteris___fromLondonthanOxford.(far)15.Theymade___arrangements.(far)16.I’lltrytomake___mistakesinfuture.(few)包含形容词比较级的句子1.包含形容词比较级的句子多带有一个由than引起的状语从句，表示和什么相比，从句中有些词会省略掉：Sheistallerthanhereldersister.她比她姐姐高。ThisbookisinsimplerEnglishthantheotherone.这本书的英文比另一本容易。Lifewasmuchharderthanitistoday.那时的生活比现在苦得多。EuropehaslesslandthanCanada.欧洲的面积比加拿大小。Theyareallyoungerthanme.他们都比我年轻。SheknowsmoreEnglishthanIdo.她的英语比我懂的多。2.有时状语从句可以省略：Theweatheriswarmertoday.今天天气要暖和得多。Areyoufeelingbetternow?现在你感觉好一点了吗？I’llbemorecarefulinfuture.以后我要细心点。Haveyougotalargersize?你们有大一点的吗？Ihadneverseenabetterfilm.我没看过(比这)更好的电影。3.比较级前有时有一个状语修饰：Mysisteristwoyearsyoungerthanme.我妹妹比我小两岁。Ourroomisslightlybiggerthantheirs.我们的房间比他们的稍微大一点。Thiscarisabitmoreexpensive.这辆车稍稍贵点。YouareaninchtallerthanTom.你比汤姆高一寸。Yourpronunciationismuchbetterthanmine.你发音比我好多了。4.比较级的形容词还可以用在某些句型中：MostcitiesinChinaaregettingbiggerandbigger.中国大多数城市越来越大。Hereadmorethantenbookslastterm.上学期他看了十几本书。Thebusierheis,thehappierhefeels.他越忙越高兴。Exercises:I.在空格中填入所给形容词的比较级：1.Thenewbuildingsaremuch___thantheoldhouses.(high)2.Youmake___mistakesthanIdo.(few)3.Helooked___thanIhadexpected.(strong)4.Itis___thanIthought.(expensive)5.It’sonly50percent___thanourmoon.(large)6.Elizabethwasfourminutes___thanJessica.(old)7.I’m___atEnglishthanatgeography.(bad)8.___latethannever.(good)9.Jimwasillbutheis___now.(well)10.Thedaywasgrowing___.(hot)11.Be___nexttime.(careful)12.It’s___underthetrees.(cool)II.把下面句子译为汉语：1.Thetownhasmorethan7,000people.2.Theyspendmoreandmoremoneyonfood.3.Shelookednomorethansixteen.4.Isawatinyman,lessthansixincheshigh.5.Ifoundmyselflessandlessinterestedinchemistry.6.Nolessthanathousandpeoplecametowatchthegame.7.Theweatherisgettingcolderandcolder.8.Thesmallerthehouseis,thelessitwillcosttoheat.9.Tellthemtocometoseeme―thesoonerthebetter.10.I’mfeelingalotbettertoday.带as(so)…as的结构1.在表示“和…一样…”时，可用“as...as”结构(前面的as后要用原形)：Heisasbusyasbefore.他还是和以前一样忙。I’llgiveyouasmuchhelpasIcan.我将尽量帮助你。Theairportwasascrowdedasever.机场还是像平常那样拥挤。You’reasgoodasingerasJohnyBuck.你的歌唱得像约尼∙伯克一样好。Moderncomputerscanbeassmallasabook.现在的电脑可以像一本书那样大。2.在表示“不像…那样…”时可用“notas(so)...as”这种结构：Itisn’tsocoldasyesterday.今天不像昨天那样冷。Heisnotsohandsomeashisbrother.他不像他哥哥那样英俊。I’mnotsoexperiencedasyouthink.我没有你想的那样有经验。Thesituationisnotsobadashadbeenpainted.形势没有描绘的那样糟糕。Jackisnotas(so)oldashelooks.杰克不像他看起来那样老。3.这种结构中也可包含一个状语或有almost,just,nearly,quite这类副词形容：Thewhalewastwiceaslongasherboa