人教版八年级英语下册单元语法归纳及练习全套

人教版八年级英语下册单元语法归纳及练习全套Unit1重点语法教学目标：掌握情态动词should的用法掌握反身代词的用法1.情态动词should的用法(1)情态动词should后接动词原形，变为一般疑问句时将should提前，变为否定句时在should后面加not。Weshouldlistentoourteachercarefullyinclass.ShouldItellhimthenewsrightnow?Weshouldn’tcomelatetoschool.(2)should常用于以下两种情况：提出建议、观点或看法。Youlootired.Youshouldliedownandrest.表示推测，意为“该，按理应当”。Waitaminute.Ithinheshouldcomeinamoment.2.反身代词(1)反身代词的构成反身代词是表示或强调自身的代词，有人称和数之分。第一、二人称反身代词由“形容词性物主代词+self(单数)或selves(复数)”构成；第三人称则由“宾格人称代词+self(单数)或selves(复数)”构成。详见下表：人称单数复数（-selves）第一人称myself我自己ourselves我们自己第二人称yourself你自己yourselves你们自己第三人称himself他自己themselves他/她/它们自己herself她自己itself它自己(2)反身代词的用法做宾语Youmustlooafteryourselfwellandeephealthy.Thechildcandresshimself.做同位语Hedidn’toftengoshoppinghimself.=Hehimselfdidn’toftengoshopping.做主语在现代英语中，反身代词一般不能独立用作主语，但是它可以借助and,or,nor等连词与其他名词一起构成并列主语（且位于并列主语的后部），以及用于某些特殊结构（如as...as等）。Mybrotherandmyselfwentthereyesterday.Hewasasaniousasmyself.Jim’ssisterandhimselfgetupatsieveryday.(3)含反身代词的短语小结byoneself独自，单独foroneself亲自teachoneself自学learn...byoneself自学enjoyoneself玩得开心saytooneself自言自语dressoneself穿衣服helponeselfto...随意吃/喝点......Iamabletodoitbymyself.IteachmyselfEnglishinmysparetime.Theyenjoyedthemselvesattheparty.基础巩固1.----Manypeopleplaywithmobilephonesalldayinsteadofreadingboos.----That’stoobad.Everyone_______beaboolover.Readingismoreenjoyable.A.mayB.shouldC.would2.----Youruncleisverygoodatcooing!Howdidhelearnit?----Helearneditby_______.A.HimB.himselfC.herD.herself专项提升一、单句语法填空1.Weshould_______(learn)tostudybyourselves.2.Aftercomingbacfromthestorm,shefeltshewasnot_______(she).3.“You’reoldenough,boy.You’dbetterdoit_______(you).”myfathersaidtome.4.It’stoodangerousfortheyoungchildrentoplayneartheriverby_______(they).5.Mybrotherisalwaysstrictwith_______(he).二、根据汉语意思完成句子6.你应该听你父母的话。You_____________________yourparents.7.他们不应该在走廊里跑。They______________inthehallway.8.昨天他们在聚会上玩得很开心。They______________atthepartyyesterday.9.没有人教她，她自学了英语。Nobodytaughtherandshe_______English______________.10.我们应该做什么？_______________wedo?能力提升单项填空1.LinaandittywillgotoGreeneryThemeParby_______netSunday.A.theyB.themC.theirD.themselves2.Dogs_______runthroughsoccergamesatthepar.It’sdangerous!A.shouldB.shouldn’tC.needD.needn’t3.Lucily,hedidn’thurt_______terriblyyesterday,andhewillbebettersoon.A.heB.themselvesC.himselfD.they4.Tomysurprise,hesold_______houseatsuchalowprice.A.heB.himC.hisD.himself5.----Didyoumaetheite_______,ids?----No,ourunclemadeitforus.A.yourselvesB.yourselfC.themselves6.Asmiddleschoolstudents,we_______beafraidofdifficultiesifwewanttomaeourdreamscometrue.A.mustB.shouldn’tC.need7.Peterdoesn’tfeelsureof_______inhisnewschool.A.heB.himC.hisD.himself答案：基础巩固1-2BB专项提升1.learn2.herself3.yourself4.themselves5.himself6.shouldlistento7.shouldn’trun8.enjoyedthemselves/hadfun9.learned;byherself10.Whatshould能力提升1-5DBCCA6-7BDUnit2重点语法教学目标：掌握不定式几种重要用法1.动词不定式动词不定式的基本结构为“to+动词原形”（有时可不加to）。在句中除了不能充当谓语外，其他成分都可以充当，如：主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾语补足语等。此处主要讲做宾语补足语和状语的用法。(1)做宾语补足语。动词不定式做宾语补足语，放在宾语的后面，表示宾语是什么或怎么样。有todo和tobe两种形式。Thedoctoradvisedhimtotaeagoodrest.IfindEnglishtobeveryeasy.注意：在as,tell,encourage,get,wish,want,wouldlie,find,advise,teach等动词或短语之后，常接带to的不定式做宾语补足语。Weasedhimtosingapopsongattheparty.我们请他在聚会上唱一首流行歌曲。动词不定式做宾语补足语时，不定式符号to在使役动词(have,mae,let)、感官动词(feel,hear,watch,see,notice等)的后面时要省略。但它们变为被动语态时，不定式符号to不能省略。Thebossmadetheworersworovertenhoursadayinthepast.=Theworersweremadetoworovertenhoursadaybythebossinthepast.动词help接不定式做宾语补足语时，不定式符号to可省略也可不省略。Heoftencomestohelpus(to)dosomefarmwor.拓展动词不定式在listento,looat后做宾语补足语时，常省略to。Ilistenedtohimsing.我听到他唱歌。动词不定式在hadbetter等词组后做宾语时，省略to。You’dbettergohomeatonce.(2)做状语表目的：不定式可放在句子的前面也可放在句子的末尾。但在句中前面时，不定式常与句子用逗号隔开；而在句子末尾时，一般不用逗号隔开。Togetthereontime,wesetoutatfiveinthemorning.Wesetoutatfiveinthemorningtogetthereontime.表结果：不定式做结果状语，一般位于句子末尾。Iwenttotheclassroom,todiscoveritempty.2.动词短语动词短语是指动词和介词或副词等搭配而成的短语，如cleanup,giveout,cheerup,putoff,setup,thinup,taeafter,fiup,giveaway,putup,handout等。动词短语主要有以下四种构成形式：(1)动词+介词这类动词短语主要有：agreewith,asfor,arriveat/in,beginwith,comefrom,getto,geton,getoff,hearof,nocat/on,laughat,looat,looafter,loofor,listento,waitfor,taeafter等。注意：这类动词短语后面的宾语无论是名词还是代词，都要放在介词之后。Iamlooingformypen.Ihavebeenlooingforitfortwohours.(2)动词+副词这类动词短语主要有：findout,getbac,giveout,looup,puton,putup,putoff,passon,turnon/off,taeout,writedown,waeup,worout,putaway,thinup等。注意：这类动词短语后面的宾语是名词时，名词可放在副词之前，也可放在副词之后；宾语是代词时，代词只能放在副词之前。Pleasepicupthepen.=Pleasepicthepenup.Canyoupicitup?(3)动词+名词+介词这类动词短语有：havealooat,maefriendswith,payattentionto,taecareof,looforwardto等。注意：在这类动词短语中，宾语都放在介词之后。Youshouldpaymoreattentiontoyourpronunciation.(4)动词+形容词+介词这类动词短语主要有：beangrywith,bebusywith,begood/badfor,bedifferentfrom,belatefor,beinterestedin,befamousfor,begoodat等。Don’tbeangrywithhim.Heisonlyachild.基础巩固1.Thesepeopledressthemselvesinbloodysharsuits.Theytellpeople_______sharfinsinordertoprotectshars.A.eatB.toeatC.noteatD.nottoeat2.Alanoftengoestotheoldpeople’shome_______uptheoldandlooafterthem.A.tocheerB.cheerC.cheers3.Noonecanberightallthetime.Whenpeoplemaemistaes,weshouldn’t_______them.A.waitforB.sendforC.nocat