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大学英语辅导4内容安排•代词•形容词、副词•动词时态代词人称代词:物主代词:反身代词:相互代词:指示代词:疑问代词:关系代词:连接代词:不定代词:I,you,he,she,we,they,me,him,her….my,your,mine,yours,their,theirs,its…myself,himself,ourselves,itself…eachother,oneanotherthis,that,these,thosewho,whom,whose,what,which…who,whom,whose,which…who,whom,whose,whichall,both,one,some,few,either,any,other,another,many,none…人称代词主格:I,you,she,he,they,we…宾格:me,you,her,him,them,us…1)宾格代替主格a.在简短对话中,当人称代词单独使用或在not后,多用宾语。----IlikeEnglish.--我喜欢英语。----Metoo.--我也喜欢。----Havemorewine?--再来点酒喝吗?----Notme.--我可不要了。b.在比较级的句子中than、as后用主格、宾格都可以,如:HeistallerthanI/me.但在下列句中有区别:IlikeJackasmuchasher.=IlikebothJackandher.IlikeJackasmuchasshe.=IlikeJackandshelikeshim,too.(2)两个以上的人称代词并列,其次序排列原则:在并列主语中,“I”总是放在最后,排列顺序为:二三一(人称)。宾格me也一样。You,sheandIwillbeinchargeofthecase.Mr.ZhangaskedLiHuaandmetohelphim.(3)几个人称代词的特殊用法。①we/you(口语)常用来泛指一般人②she可以代表国家、船只、大地、月亮等。The“Titanic”wasthelargest,wasn’tshe?物主代词形容词性物主代词:my,your,his,her,its,our,your,their…名词性物主代词:mine,yours,his,hers,its,ours,theirs…1.Heis(my,mine)teacher.2.Herbrotherisalmostasoldas(mine,my).3.I’lldomyworkandyou(yours,your,your’s).4.Afriendof(mine,my,I)isgoingtoBerlin.5.Thisisnofaultof(yours,your).反身代词1)列表Iyouyoushehemyselfyourselfyourselvesherselfhimselfwetheyitoneourselvesthemselvesitselfoneself2)固定短语enjoyoneself,feeloneself(beoneself),byoneselfmakeoneselfathome,makeoneselfunderstoodIamnotmyselftoday.我今天不舒服。Thethingitselfisnotimportant.事情本身并不重要。指示代词:this,that,these,those,such,same①this(these)一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物;that(those)常指时间或空间较远的人或物。Thisismydeskandthatisyours.Inthosedaystheycouldnotgotoschool.Thesedaysweareverybusy.②this常指后面要讲到的事物,有启下的作用;that则指前面讲到过的事物,有承上的作用。Iwanttotellyouthis:theEnglishpartywillbeheldonSaturdayafternoon.Hehurthislegyesterday.That’swhyhedidn’tcome.③为了避免重复,常用that或those代替前面已提过的名词。TheweatherofBeijingiscolderthanthatofNanjing.Theearsofarabbitarelongerthanthoseofafox.不定代词1.both,either,neither。以上词使用范围为两个人或物。all,any,none。以上词使用范围为三者以上。________ofthetwoboysisclever.两个男孩都很聪明。Thereareflowerson________sidesofthestreet.(两岸)Thereareflowerson_________sideofthestreet.(岸的两边)路边长满了野花。__________theflowersaregone.所有的花都谢了。Idon'tlike________oftheflowers.这些花我都不喜欢。Ilike__________oftheflowers.这些花我都不喜欢。EitherbotheitherAllanynone2.some&any一般用法:some一般用于肯定句,any多用于疑问、否定或条件句。HehassomeChinesepaintings.Idon’tknowanyofthestudents.特殊用法:①any用于肯定句表示“任何”的意思。Anychildcandothat.(定语)Youmaytakeanyofthem.(宾语)②some用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。SmithwenttosomeplaceinEngland.(定语)③在期待对方回答yes时,some用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。Wouldyoulikesomebananas?(邀请)Mum,couldyougivemesomemoney?(请求)3.each&everyeach(各个),指两个或两个以上的人或物,侧重个体,在句中作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。every(每个),指三个或三个以上的人或物,侧重整体,在句中只能作定语。Everystudentinourclasshasadictionary.(定语,强调班上“所有的人”)Eachstudentinourclasshasadictionary.(定语,强调各个个体)Eachofthemhasbeenthere.(主语)Theteachergaveeachofthestudentsanewtextbook.(宾语)Weeachgotaticket.(同位语)4.one,that,it,those,theone,theones指代1)Ican'tfindmyhat.IthinkImustbuy________.2)Thehatyouboughtisbiggerthan__________Ibought.3)Ican‘tfindmyhat.Idon’tknowwhereIput______.4)ThepopularinChineseismuchlargerthan______inJapan.5)Theearsofarabbitarelongerthan__________ofafox.onetheoneitthatthose5.one/another/theother/others/otherone…theother只有两个some…theothers有三个以上one…another,another…some…others,others…others=otherpeople/thingstheothers=therest剩余的全部1)泛指另一个用another。2)一定范围内两人(物),一个用one,另一个用theother。3)一定范围内三者,一个用one,另一个用one(another),第三个可用theother,athird。4)一定范围内,除去一部分人/物,剩余的全部用theothers。5)泛指别的人或物时,用others当在一定范围内,除去一部分后,剩余部分但不是全部时,也用others。1.Idon’tlikethisone,canyoushowme__________?2.Youshouldthinkof__________.3.I’mbusynow,askmeaboutitsome__________time.4.Somelikebasketball,__________preferfootball.5.Iwanttodrink__________glassofmilk6.Fivestudentsinourclassareboys,______________aregirls.7.Shehastwobags,oneiswhite,____________isblack.8.Thereare________waysofsolvingthisproblem.one/another/theother/others/otheranotherothersotherothersanothertheotherstheotherother6.all,both,every与not连用,表示部分否定.Allbirdscouldnotfly.=NotallbirdscouldflyNobirdcouldfly.=Noneofthebirdscouldfly.Bothofusarenotteachers.7.anyone/anyoneanyone仅指人,anyone既可指人,也可指物。a)none后跟of短语,既可指人又可指物,而noone只单独使用,只指人。b)none作主语,谓语动词用单,复数均可,而noone作主语,谓语动词只能是单数。Noneofyoucouldliftit.你们中没有人可举起它。----Didanyonecallmeupjustnow?--刚才有人打电话给我吗?----Noone.--没有。8.noone和none形容词、副词形容词和副词的比较级和最高级大多数形容词和副词有三个等级:1、原级,即原形,如:big(大的)2、比较级,表示“更…一些”或“比较…”的意思,如:bigger(更大,比较大)3、最高级,表示“最”的意思,如:biggest(最大)。形容词和副词的比较级和最高级的构成:一、规则变化:1、单音节和部分双音节词,在词尾加-er或-est。2、大部分双音节词和多音节词,在其前面加more或most。具体见下表:构成方法原级比较级最高级一般在词尾加-er或-est以字母结尾的,加-r或-st以重读闭音节结尾,且末尾只有一个辅音字母,要先双写这一字母,再加-er或-est以辅音字母加y结尾的,先把y变成i,再加-er或-est单音节词和部分双音节词双音节词和多音节词在形容词、副词前加more或most。tall,long,taller,longertallest,longestnice,latenicer,laternicest,latestbig,thinbigger,thinnerbiggest,thinnesthappyheavyhappierheavierhappiestheaviestbeautifulcarefulexpensiveinterestingdangerousmorebeautifulmorecarefulmoreexpensivemoreinterestingmoredangerousmostbeautifulmostcarefulmostexpensivemostinterestingmostdangerous二、不规则变化:(需记忆)原形比较级最高级goodwellbadillmanymuchlittleoldfarbetterworsemorelessolderelderfartherfurtherbestworstmostle
本文标题:专升本英语资料4.代词+形副+时态
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