that引导的宾语从句

1that引导的宾语从句宾语从句是一种名词性从句，在句中作及物动词的宾语，或介词的宾语，或形容词的宾语。根据引导宾语从句的不同连词，宾语从句可分为三类。（1）that引导的宾语从句（2）whether/if引导的宾语从句（3）疑问词引导的宾语从句一、由that引导的宾语从句：that只有语法作用，没有实在的意义，在口语和非正式文体中可以省略。例如：Hesaid(that)hewantedtostayathome.他说他想呆在家里。Shedoesn’tknow(that)sheisseriouslyill.她不知道她病得很严重。Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.我确信他会成功。小试牛刀：1、Shesaid.Youlookedgreat！2、Shesaid.IwenttoBeijingandvisitedtheGreatWall.注意：（一）并非所有的动词后面都可以接that引导的宾语从句，只有当谓语动词表示肯定概念时，如believe,expect，explain,feel,hear,hope,imagine,prefer,promise,report,say,see,tell,think,understand,warn,wish等其后面的句子一般由that引导。此时，that没有任何实际意义，目的是使读者清楚后面的句子是作前面动词的宾语，多数情况下可以省略。（二）不能省略that的2种情况：1、当that作介词except,in宾语时例如：Theybelieveinthatshemuststillbesingle.IknownothingabouthimexceptthatheislivinginBeijing.（2）用it做形式宾语的宾语从句时（it常可以放在动词think,find,consider,believe,feel,make等后作为形式宾语，而真正的宾语——that从句则放在句尾）例如：Wehearditthatshewouldgetmarriednextmonth.课堂练习：()1、Don’tloseyourheart.Ibelieveinyoucanfinishtheworkbyyourself.A.\B.thatC.whichD.if()2、Ithinkwecanbegoodfriends.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.if()3、Shesaidhewouldgotothehospital.A.\B.whatC.whichD.if()4、－Haveyoueverseenthemovie2012?－Yes,butIdon’tbelieve____theyear2012willseetheendoftheworld.【2012菏泽】A.thatB.whatC.howD.if二、特殊的宾语从句———间接引语用自己话转述别人的话，叫做间接引语。间接引语一般构成宾语从句。直接引语必须放在引号内，间接引语则不用引号。直接引语改为间接引语时，除将引语部分变成宾语从句外，还必须对直接引语中的人称、时态、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等进行改变。2例如：Hesaid,”Wehelpeachother.”=Hesaidthattheyhelpeachother.Shesaid,”Ihaveboughtadictionary.”=Shesaidthatshehadboughtadictionary.Shesaid,”Hewillgotothehospital.”=Shesaidthathewouldgotothehospital.小试牛刀：（1）Sallysaid,“It’sveryquiet!”→Sallysaid_______________________________.（2）Sallysaid,“Nooneisshouting.”→Sallysaid_______________________________.（3）Linglingsaid,“Theairisverycleartoday.”→Linglingsaid_______________________________.三、宾语从句的否定转移在宾语从句中，如果主句的谓语动词是think,believe,suppose,expect,guess,fancy,feel,imagine等表示“观点、信念、推测”等心理活动的动词时，否定谓语从句的not往往转移到主句，成为“形式否定主句，意义否定从句”，这种语法现象就叫做否定（前）转移。例如：我认为鸡不会游泳。误：Ithinkchickenscannotswim．正：Idon'tthinkchickenscanswim.小试牛刀：把下列句子改成否定句1、Ithinkhewillcomethisafternoon.____________________________________________2、IbelieveIhavethepleasureofknowingyou.____________________________________________3、IbelieveIhavethepleasureofknowingyou.____________________________________________Exercises:一、把下列直接引语改成间接引语。1.Joesaid,“Ican’tfinishmyhomework.”_____________________________________________2.Linglingsaid,“I’mveryproudofSally.”____________________________________________3.Bettysaid,“She’sanexcellentmusician.”___________________________________________4.ChenHuansaid,“It’sagreatfilm.”___________________________________________5.Tomsaid,“Iwanttolistentotheradio.”____________________________________________二、翻译。1.那个女孩说过她跟她的父母在一起。____________________________________________2.很多外国人知道中国很精彩。____________________________________________3.老板解释他的访问是跟生意有关的。____________________________________________4.我们相信她怀念她的好朋友。____________________________________________5.我认为他们一定会按时到达。____________________________________________3答案：1.Joesaidthathecould’tfinishhishomework.2.LinglingsaidthatshewasveryproudofSally.3.Bettysaidthatshewasanexcellentmusician.4.ChenHuansaidthatitwasagreatfilm.5.Tomsaidhewantedtolistentotheradio.1、Thatgirlsaidthatshewaswithherparents.2、ManyforeignersknowthatChinaisfantastic.3、Thebossexplainedhisvisitwasaboutdoingbusiness.4、Webelievedthatshemissedherclosefriends.5、Ithinkthattheywillarriveontime.