英语时态直观图

英语时态直观图一般进行完成完成进行现在一般现在:do/doessth.be~标志：习惯，状态，客观，计划现在进行：bedoing1.频度状语:always,continually,really,actually,only,simply,merely,constantly,forever,allthetime;2.表将来come,go,leave,start,arrive现在完成：have/hasdone1.可接不具体明确时间状语：just,already,yet,sometimes,always,often,beforeLately,recently,once,twice,ever,never;2.含现在的时状：thismorning,today,now,thisweek,thismonth3.it’stime4.动作反复现在完成进行：have/hasbeendoing1.延续性多次过去某一刻开始到现在：allthismorning,thesefewdays,allnight,thismonth,recently;since,for(状短/从);2.表重复（终止性）buy过去一般过去：didsth.was/were~1.具体时状：~ago,last~,in1990,during,inthosedays，yesterday；2.want/wonder/think/hope(表委婉)3.It’stime~;Iwish~;I’drather+that过去进行：was/weredoing1.过去一直；与某时同时发生：when/while;2.感情色彩：always,constantly,continually,forever3.want/wonder/think/hope(表委婉)过去完成：haddone1.过去某时前某事前：by/before+过时；when/before/than+过时；(过去时间前提)2.when,assoonas,as~as,before,until,nowthat(动作早于主句动作，表原因先后)3.未实现愿望；4.nosooner~than~Hardlywhen过去完成进行：hadbeendoing1.过去时间为前提；by/before+过时2.与表“突然”意义的when从句连用：Shehadbeenlookingatthephotoforalongtimewhensherealizeditwas~.将来一般将来：shall/will/begoingtodo1.表将来的时状，时状从；2.shall/will表意愿，决心和允诺3.条从主句表将来意愿；4.begoingto最近、具体will长期、泛将来进行：shall/willbedoing1.表事情计划正常发展；（不表意愿打算）2.willbedoing表揣想大概现在：HewillbewatchingTVnow.3.表婉转有礼貌的询问和请求。Willyoubelendingme～将来完成：shall/willhavedone1.by/before+未来时状从和条状从；2.对某一业已完成的动作或事推测；Youwillhavereceivedaninvitationtothewedding.你也会收到参加婚礼的请帖。过去将来一般过去将来：would/shoulddo1.带时状的从句或间接引语（主句谓语是过去时态）；MybrothertoldmethathewouldbebackonSaturday.过去将来进行：would/shouldbeving1.表计划正常发展，宾从，定从，状从和间接引语；（不表意愿和打算）ThecountryhewouldbeleavingforwasSingapore.VerbTenseOverviewwithExamplesSimplePresentdo/doessth.be~PresentContinuousbedoingPresentPerfecthave/hasdonePresentPerfectContinuoushave/hasbeendoingIstudyEnglisheveryday.IamstudyingEnglishnow.IhavestudiedEnglishinseveraldifferentcountries.IhavebeenstudyingEnglishfortenyears.SimplePastdidsth.was/were~PastContinuouswas/weredoingPastPerfecthaddonePastPerfectContinuoushadbeendoingTwoyearsago,IstudiedEnglishinAmericaIwasstudyingEnglishwhenyoucalledyeaterday.IhadstudiedalittleEnglishbeforeImovedtotheU.S.IhadbeenstudyingEnglishfortenyearsbeforeImovedtotheU.S.SimpleFutureshall/will/begoingtodoFutureContinuousshall/willbedoingFuturePerfectshall/willhavedoneFuturePerfectContinuousIfyouarehavingproblems,IwillhelpyoustudyEnglish.I’mgoingtostudyEnglishnextyear.Iwillbestudyingenglishwhenyouarrivetonight.I’mgoingtobestudyingEnglishwhenyouarrivetonight.IwillhavestudiedeverytensebythetimeIfinishthiscourse.I’mgoingtohavestudiedeverytensebythetimeIfinishthiscourse.IwillhavebeenstudyingEnglishforoverthreehoursbythetimeyouarrive.I’mgoingtohavebeenstudyingEnglishforoverthreehoursbythetimeyouarrive.语法句法词法词汇的分类（10种）各种词类的用法词类和句子的关系名词动词副词形容数词连词代词介词冠词感叹词虚词实词时态，语态，语气句子的类型1（4类）句子的类型2（4类）从句的类型（3类）定语从句（2种）名词性从句（4种）状语从句（9种）非谓语动词（4类）16种时态2种语态3种语气时一般进行完成完成进行现在▲▲▲过去▲★★将来▲过将▲主动被动陈述祈使虚拟简单句并列句复合句并列复合句根据结构根据目的陈述句疑问句感叹句祈使句限制定语从句:对先行词起修饰限制作用，如果去掉，主句意思就不完整明确，这种从句与主句的关系十分密切，写时不用逗号分开。非限制性定语从句:对先行词作附加的说明，与主句的关系不十分密切，较松散。从句和主句之间用逗号分开，相当于一个插入语，不能用that引导，关系代词做宾语时也不能省略。主语从句在复合句中做主语，相当于名词，一般置谓语之前，也可用it作形式主语，主语从句放主句之后表语从句在复合句中做表语，相当于名词，位于系动词之后宾语从句在复合句中做宾语，相当于名词同位语从句放在名词之后(news,problem,idea,suggestion,advice,thought,hope,fact等)表明其具体内容非谓语形式构成特征和作用时态和语态否定式复合结构不定式todotobedoingtohavedonetobedonetohavebeendone在非谓语前加notforsb.todosth.具有名词，副词和形容词的作用在句中做主、宾、定、表和状语分词现在分词doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone具有副词和形容词的作用在句中做定、表、宾补和状语过去分词done动名词doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendonesb’sdoing具有名词的作用在句中做主、宾、定和表语时间状语结果状语地点状语比较状语原因状语方式状语条件状语让步状语目的状语主语：名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句；谓语：动词或动词短语；情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形；系动词加表语；宾语：名词，代词，数词，名词化形容词，不定式短语，宾语从句，动名词短语；宾补：名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当；表语：名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句；定语：形容词，分词，名词，代词，介词短语，动名词，不定式短语高考语法越狱地形结构图SeatbeseatedSitsitdownPlayTangSengLoud形容词+名词副词+动词/形容词/副词AnnoyedAngry/crossBeblueinthefacePayattentiontoGiveattentiontoFocusattentionondrawattentionattractone’sattentionIcan’tbearit.SheisbearingababyIwasbornin1998bearborebornonbusinessexchangebusinesscard行片Rudenesturnaroundturnoff解雇turnover移交翻阅turntosb.求助于turnouttobe结果是thephonerang.Ringsb.Givesb.aringRing戒指TheLordofRing指环王魔戒Mygod!MylordJesus/Christ!Oh,boy!Gosh.What+nHow+a/adSendsb.aletterSendsthtosb.give/take/pass/read/sell/buysb.sthsendtotaketobringwithfetchIDcardcreditcardbreak打破damage程度不定destroy完全gym体育馆exhibitionhallinprivate私底下inpublic公共地publication出版物publish出版comeoutpress出版社friend+lyn+ly=alovelymanlywaiterwaitressactoractressprinceprincesslendto借出borrowfrom借来makeadecisionthewhole~整个allthe~singleroomdoubleroomteachsb.sthteachsth.tosb.readreadreadthinkaboutthinkover仔细thinkof想gobypassThetimeistickingout.