英语泛读教程2Unit--15

Unit15TheOldManandTheSeaErnestMillerHemingway•BirthandDeath•FamilyBackground•Education•Marriage•Workexperience•Works•CommentandInfluenceBirthandDeath•Birth:July21,1899,inOakPark,Illinois,America•Death(suicide-gunshot):July2,1961,athishomeinKetchum,Idaho(爱达荷州)FamilyBackground•Father:doctorwhointerestedErnestinsciencesandobjectivereasoning•Mother:taughtmusicandhaveherchildrenwell-educatedinthearts•ArichenvironmentofculturereligionandthesciencesEducation•Inschool,Hemingwaypennedstoriesthatarenowforgettable,butshowrawtalent.•Hegraduatedfromhighschoolandthenwenttowork.Marriage•Loveaffair:withanurse•Thefirstmarriage:1921,HadleyRichardson•Thesecondmarriage:1927,Pauline•Thethirdmarriage:1940,Martha•Thefourthmarriage:1946,MaryWelshWorkexperience•Acubreporter(1917to1918)•AnambulancedriverfortheRedCross(1918)•Freelance(afterthewar)•AcorrespondentinSpain(1937)•PatrolthewatersforGermansubsinCuba(inWWII)Works•1923,“ThreeStoriesandTenPoems”•1924-1925,“InOurTime”•1926,“TheSunAlsoRises”(aninternationalsuccess)•1929,“AFarewelltoArms”•1932,“DeathintheAfternoon”•1935,“TheGreenHillsofAfrica”•1936,“TheSnowsofKilimanjaro”•1940,“ForWhomtheBellTolls”•1952,“TheOldManandtheSea”(thePulitzerPrizein1952,theNobelprizein1954)CommentandInfluence•ButthereseemedtobeacollectiveeffortbyHemingway’smanywriter-mentorstowitnessthebirthofhisfirstnovel.•AlthoughHemingway’scareerwastakingoff,hispersonallifewasshowingcracks.•IthinkHemingwayhadsomesignificantstrengthsasawriterandhumanbeing,buthealsohadprofoundweaknesses.Oneofhisweaknessesisthatheseemsnottohavebeenverygoodatfeelinggratitude.Hetendedtoturnhisbackonpeoplewhohelpedhim.(HemingwayscholarDr.JamesNagel)•Ithinkhewouldnotbethecelebrityheisstilltodaywereitnotfor“TheOldManandtheSea”andthetwoprizes.(HemingwayscholarDr.JamesNagel)•OnecentersontheideathatHemingwaywasupsetbecausehecouldnolongerwritewell.Anotherclaims,asNagelsays,thathewas“depressedbecausehesawtheblackemptinessofhumanexistence,orsomethingphilosophical.”NewwordsText(III)•sin罪过•dentuso灰鲭鲨•scavenger食腐肉的动物•tiller舵柄•oar桨•rudder舵•vertebrae椎骨•cartilage软骨•scent气味•club棍棒、棍打•gaff大鱼叉•galano加拉诺鲨Text(IV)•stern船尾•harpoon鱼叉•phosphorescence微光•lunge刺进•splinteredbutt裂成碎片的柄•jagged不整齐的•carcass牲畜的尸体•shingle小圆石TheOldManAndTheSea•Language•Plots•Images•ThemeQuestions•Whatdoyouthinkismostimportantforafisherman?•Whyistherefriendshipbetweentheoldmanandtheboy?Whatistheoldmanlikeintheboy’seyes?Whatistheboylikeintheoldman’seyes?•Didtheoldmanlovethebigfish?•Whydidhekillthefish?•Howdoyouunderstand“Youdidnotkillthefishonlytokeepaliveandtosellforfood,hethought.Youkilledhimforprideandbecauseyouarefisherman.Youlovedhimwhenhewasaliveandyoulovedhimafter.Ifyoulovehim,itisnotasintokillhim.”•Whydidn’ttheoldmangiveupthefishwhenthedentuso’sattackwasforeseen?•Ifyouweretheoldman,wouldyoujustkillyourselfwhenyoudidnothavefamiliesaround,didnothaveenoughfood,didnottakeanyfishin84days,livinginashabbyshack?•Howdoyouunderstand“Amancanbedestroyedbutnotdefeated”?•Istheoldman’slifeasuccessorafailure?Isheaherooracommonfisherman?Questions