课件 初中英语语法讲座-定语从句

初中英语语法讲座定语从句By-Zakzeng【考点扫描】（一）定语从句的功用和结构（二）关系代词和关系副词的功用（三）各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法一.定语从句的功用和结构•1、定义：•在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词小小的感受一下•1、Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.•2、Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?•3、IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage?•4、ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.（二）.关系代词和关系副词的功用•关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。1.作主语•关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如：•Idon’tlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.•ThecarswhichareproducedinHubeiProvincesellverywell.2.作宾语•SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.•Thebookthatmygrandmothergavemeiscalled“TheGreatEscape”.3.作定语•关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。•What’sthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?•Thegirlwhosefatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.4.作状语•I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.•ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.三.各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法•1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。•Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.•Theboywhoiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.•2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。•Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate？•MrLee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.•3.whose指人，在定语从句中作定语。•Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.•Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.•4.which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。•Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesthemeaningofwords.•Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedyesterday.•5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。•I’vereadthenewspaperthat(which)carriestheimportantnews.•Whoisthepersonthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?•6.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。•I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.•HearrivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.•7.where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。•Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.•Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.五.具体使用时还要注意下列问题•1.只能使用that,不用which的情况：•(1)先行词是all,few,little,nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时。•Allthathesaidistrue.•(2)先行词被only,no,any,all,等词修饰时。•Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.•(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。•Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.•(5)先行词既包括人又包括物时。•Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.•2.只能用which，不用that的情况•(1)在非限制性定语从中。Themeetingwasputoff,whichwasexactlywhatwewanted.(2)定语从句由介词+关系代词引导，先行词是物时。Thethingaboutwhichheistalkingisofgreatimportance.体会一下中考•1.(2004年哈尔滨中考试题)•---Doestheteacherknoweverybody_______plantedthetrees?•---Yes,hedoes.•A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.who•2.(2004年常州市中考试题)•Theletter_______Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.•A.whoB.whereC.whatD.that•3.(2004年扬州市中考试题)•---Whereisthescientist________gaveusthetalkyesterday?•---HehasgonebacktoQinghuaUniversity.•A.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which•4.(2004年益阳市中考试题)•Ihatepeople_______talkmuchbutdolittle.•A.whoseB.whomC.whichD.who【满分演练】•1.---Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?•---Oh!It’sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.•A.heB.thatC.whomD.which•2.Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.•A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where•3.Theforeigner_________visitedourschoolisfromCanada.•A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom•4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.•A.whoB.whomC.heD.which•9.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich•10.Mr.White,______carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which•11.Hegottothevillage_______hisfamilyoncelivedbeforeliberation.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where•12.Thisisthehouse_______Iwanttobuy.A.inwhichB.thatC.whoseD.where•13.Thisisthehouse_______ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where•14.Hedidn’ttellmetheplace_______hewasborn.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where•15.Helivedinasmallvillage,______wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when•1.Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.•2.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.•3.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.•4.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.•5.Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.•6.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.•7.Themanwavedtous.Themanwasmyuncle.•8.Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.•9.Ipreferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.•10.Ispoketotheman.Themanisaprofessor.•1.Thehouse_______weliveinisverybig.•2.Theboy______iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.•3.Thisisthepresent_____hegavemeformybirthday.•4.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.•5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.•6.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenhim.•7.Shewearsagoldring,_______isveryuncommoninourclass.•8.Wevisitedafactory_______makestoysforchildren.•9.Isthistheplace_______yourfatheroncelived?•10.I’llneverforgetthedays_______IjoinedtheLeague.•