托福基础阅读(陈毅然)

ARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERARTCOMPTCENTERiBT阅读基础陈毅然一、新托福阅读概述考试性质•TOEFLiBT本质：•比较先进的实用语言水平测试1、形式特点：•关键数据：•新：207506-1012-14•老：103503-49-111、形式特点：•关键数据：•新：207506-1012-14•老：103503-49-111、形式特点：•文章形式两个改变：•（1）单位时间理解信息量增多•（2）信息点间组织结构更复杂•考试形式三个改革：•由纸面阅读变为屏幕阅读1、形式特点：•初级水平：•1、CRI网站：••2、Economist中国论坛：•如何适应•高级水平：•3、经济学人：••4、国家地理•考试形式第2个改革：•出现加试题1、形式特点：•考试形式第3个改革:•阅读出现在口语和写作中•读-听-说•读-听-写1、形式特点：2、内容特点:•包括：•（1）生命科学类•（2）天文地理类•（3）欧美历史类•（4）文艺与发明•（5）部分二级学科：社会学心理学考古学仅限学术2、内容特点:文章体裁•说明exposition•陈述historical•议论argumentation主辅2、内容特点:常见误区•无需专业知识•Thepassageswillcoveravarietyofdifferentsubjects.Don’tworryifyou’reunfamiliarwiththetopicofapassage.Alltheinformationneededtoanswerthequestionswillbeinthepassage.•专业知识一律自带解释补充阅读材料•老托福阅读真题•英美学术杂志（NationalGeographic,NewScientist）•英语原版大学教材•百科全书（Wiki）3、阅读题型介绍•每篇文章12-14题(1)考察能力分布•词汇2个•句子2个•段落4个•全文2个词汇题：3-5道/篇VocabularyQuestionsThewordlocomotioninthepassageisclosestinmeaningto与文中单词X意义最接近的是evolutionmovementsurvivalescape指代题：0-2道/篇ReferenceQuestionsThewordtheyinthepassagerefersto文章中的代词X指的是applied-artobjectsthelawsofphysicscontainersthesidesofpots句子简化题:0-1道/篇SentenceSimplificationQuestionsWhichofthefollowingbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentence?Incorrectanswerchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.下面四句话中,哪句话能最好得表达原文中勾出句的主要意思?不正确的选项将在重要方面改变原文意思或遗漏关键信息.插入句子题:0-1道/篇InsertTextQuestionsScholarsofferthreerelatedbutdifferentopinionsaboutthispuzzle.■Oneopinionisthatthepaintingswerearecordoftheseasonalmigrationsmadebyherds.■Becausesomepaintingsweremadedirectlyoverothers,obliteratingthem,itisprobablethatapainting’svalueendedwiththemigrationitpictured.■Unfortunately,thisexplanationfailstoexplainthehiddenlocations,unlessthemigrationswerecelebratedwithsecretceremonies.■Lookatthefoursquares■thatindicatewherethefollowingsentencecouldbeaddedtothepassage.上文中标注■的位置是如下句子可能插入的地方Allthreeofthemhavestrengthsandweaknesses,butnoneadequatelyanswersallofthequestionsthepaintingspresent.Wherewouldthesentencebestfit?请找出最适合这句话的位置。事实信息题：3-6道/篇FactualInformationQuestionsAccordingtoparagraph1,whichofthefollowingistrueofwildbeests?根据文章第1段，下列关于“角马”的描述哪个是正确的？Theyeatmorestemmatterthanzebrasdo.Theyareabletodigestlargefoodparticlesifthefoodisofahighquality.Theytendtochoosefeedingareasinwhichthevegetationhasbeenworndown.Theyarelikelytochooselow-qualityfoodtoeatinperiodswhenthequantityofrainfallislow.排除题：0-2道/篇NegativeFactualInformationQuestionsAccordingtotheparagraph1,allofthefollowingweretrueofAmericanartinthelate1800’sandearly1900’sEXCEPT:根据原文第1段，下列关于19世纪末20世纪初的美国艺术的描述，不正确的是？MostAmericansthoughtartwasunimportant.AmericanartgenerallycopiedEuropeanstylesandtraditions.MostAmericansconsideredAmericanartinferiortoEuropeanart.AmericanartwasverypopularwithEuropeanaudiences.修辞目的性题：0-2道/篇RhetoricalPurposeQuestionsWhydoestheauthordiscussthebronzestatuesofhorsescreatedbyartistsintheearlyItalianRenaissance?作者为什么提到意大利早期文艺复兴时期的青铜马雕像？Toprovideanexampleofaproblem.Toarguethatfineartistsareunconcernedwiththelaws.Tocontrasttherelativesophisticationofmodernartists.Tonoteanexceptionalpieceofart.推断题：0-2道/篇InferenceQuestionsWhichofthefollowingcanbeinferredfromparagraph1aboutcandlesbeforethenineteenthcentury?根据原文第1段，关于19世纪之前的蜡烛能推断出什么Theydidnotsmokewhentheywereburned.Theyproducedapleasantodorastheyburned.Theywerenotavailabletoall.Theycontainedsulfuricacid.段落小结题：0-1道/篇ProseSummaryAnintroductorysentenceforabriefsummaryofthepassageisprovidedbelow.CompletethesummarybyselectingtheTHREEanswerchoicesthatexpressthemostimportantideasinthepassage.Somesentencesdonotbelonginthesummarybecausetheyexpressideasthatarenotpresentedinthepassageorareminorideasinthepassage.Thisquestionisworth2points.如下是关于本篇文章大意的一句简短概括。请从如下6个选项中选出3个最能代表文章主要意思的总结。本题分值2分。这篇文章讨论了应用艺术和精细艺术之间的基本区别。●●●图表题：0-1道/篇FillinaTableDirections:Completethetablebelowtosummarizeinformationaboutthetwotypesofartdiscussedinthepassage.Matchtheappropriatestatementstothetypesofartwithwhichtheyareassociates.Thisquestionisworth3points.请选择和文中讨论的2种艺术相关的概括性信息完成表格。将艺术类型和相关陈述进行匹配。本题分值3分。TYPESOFART艺术类型STATEMENTS相关描述TheAppliedArts实用艺术TheFineArts精细艺术Select3123Select212（2）重要性分布•词汇题+事实题60%•段落+图表•句简+句插•推断修辞排除指代4、成绩计算•（1）分数计算方法：•单分值题目+多分值题目•弹性换算制RAWPOINTTOTALSCALESCORE42-413040-3927-30382837-3626-2835-3325-273223-2531-3022-2428-2720-222619-2125-2418-212316-1