可数名词单数变复数的口诀专题

一、可数名词单数变复数专题;（2017-05-24）(一)规则变化名词单数变复数，直接加-s占多数；【books、girls、】s,x,,sh，ch,z来结尾，直接加上-es；【山西试吃z了—s;x;sh;chi;z】词尾是f或fe，加-s之前先变ve；【两种情况：解说2和3】辅母+y在词尾，把y变i再加-es；【一定注意是辅母y加es，元音只加s】词尾字母若是o，两人两物es；其它都是加s黑（人）吃土豆；英雄吃西红柿-es【Negroesheroes,potatoes；tomatoes】(二)不规则变化男人女人a变e，鹅足牙齿oo变ee；【men;women;goose-geese；foot-feet;tooth-teeth】老鼠虱子也好记，ous变ic；【mouse-mice】【louse-lice】孩儿加ren，公牛加en。【child-children】【ox--oxen】This--these(这些)that-those(那些)注明：goose两意思所以复数也是两种：鹅(geese)和长柄熨斗（gooses）1）看起来是单数其实是复数：People(人们)police（警察的总称）Cattle（牛牲口等的总称）谓语动词不能用三单。2）看起来是复数其实是单数：Maths（数学）politics（政治）physics(物理)学科；news（消息）theUnitedStates（美国）theUnitedNations（联合国）3）有些词的复数形式表示不同的意思，谓语用复数goods（货物）waters（水域）fishes（各种鱼）[鱼的复数是fish，fishes表示各种鱼]【解说】1.以-s,-z,-x,-ch,-sh结尾的名词，变成复数时加-es,例如：bus→buses,buzz→buzzes,box→boxes,watch→watches,brush→brushes2.-f(e)结尾的名词单数变复数歌诀：①树叶半数自已黄，妻子拿刀去割粮，架后窜出一只狼，就像强盗逃命忙。②妻子持刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌，躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光。例如：leaf(树叶，叶子)，half(一半)，self(自已)，wife(妻子)，knife(刀子)，shelf(架子)，wolf(狼),thief(窃贼，强盗)和life(生命)，这些名词变成复数时，都要改-f(e)为v，再加-es。3.-f结尾的名词直接加-s变复数歌诀：海湾边、屋顶上，首领奴仆两相望；谁说他们无信仰，证据写在手帕上。例如：gulf,roof,chief,serf,belief（信仰）,proof,handkerchief，这些名词变复数直接加-s。注：scarf(围巾；披风)两种都可以：：scarfs和scarves4.辅音字母+y结尾的名词，把y变i加-es。例如：baby→babies,country→countries,family→families；而-y前是元音时，-y不变，直接加-s。例如：day→days,boy→boys5.以-o结尾的名词变复数时，多数直接加-s。例如：radio→radios,piano→pianos,kangaroo→kangaroos；有的须加-es，中学课本中有几个这样的单词，可以通过一句口诀来记忆：黑人英雄爱吃西红柿和土豆。即：Negro→Negroes,hero→heroes,tomato→tomatoes,potato→potatoes；有的以o结尾的名词既可加-s也可加-es。例如：volcano(火山)→volcanos/volcanoes等。6.名词复数的不规则变化需要特别记忆。例如：man→men,woman→women,goose→geese,foot→feet,tooth→teeth,mouse→mice,louse(虱子)→lice,child→children,7.初中课本中表示“某国人”的名词复数形式变化可通过歌诀记忆：中日瑞士不变英法变，其余-s加后面。例如：Chinese→Chinese,Japanese→Japanese；Swiss→Swiss，Englishman→Englishmen,Englishwoman→Englishwomen,Frenchman→Frenchmen,Frenchwoman→Frenchwomen；American→Americans,Rusian→Rusians,Arab→Arabs,German→Germans等8.不可数名词一般只有单数形式，没有复数形式。有些不可数名词可借助单位词表示一定的数量。如：acupoftea一杯茶,twopiecesofpaper两张纸,anitemofnews一则新闻9、不变化的有6个：fishdeerdeer,sheepChineseJapaneseSwiss→Swiss学习顺序版(最常考大全)单词复数意思单词复数意思bookbooks书babybabies婴儿girlgirls女孩countrycountries国家；乡村；地区busbuses公交车familyfamilies家，家庭buzzbuzzes蜜蜂嗡嗡声;嘈杂声daydays日NegroeNegroes黑人boyboys男孩heroheroes英雄radioradios收音机potatopotatoes土豆pianopianos钢琴tomatotomatoes西红柿kangarookangaroos袋鼠manmen男人ChineseChinese中国人goosegeese鹅JapaneseJapanese日本人footfeet脚SwissSwiss瑞士人toothteeth牙EnglishmanEnglishmen英国人mousemice老鼠FrenchmanFrenchmen法国人louselice虱子AmericanAmericans美国人childchildren孩子RusianRusians俄罗斯人fishfish鱼ArabArabs阿拉伯人deerdeer鹿GermanGermans德国人sheepsheep羊scarfscarfs/arves围巾披风Thisthese这个gulfgulfs海湾边thatthose那个roofroofs屋顶上boxboxes盒子chiefchiefs首领watchwatches表；手表serfserfs奴仆brushbrushes刷子beliefbeliefs信仰leafleaves树叶proofproofs证据halfhalves一半handkerchiefhandkerchiefs手帕selfselves自己foxfoxes狐狸wifewives妻子umbrellaumbrellas伞knifeknives刀toytoys玩具shelfshelves架子classclasses班级wolfwolves狼thiefthieves窃贼强盗lifelives生命测试版单词复数意思单词复数意思RusianthiefboxfamilyAmericanserfbeliefbabyhalfmousefootcountryherotomatotoothdaybrushproofgulfsheepknifebusleafkangaroobookwifeJapanesescarfArabdeerradiobuzzFrenchmanwolftoychiefselfEnglishmanrooflousepotatoGermanwatchgirlmanthatSwisspianohandkerchiefChineseNegroeumbrellaThisshelfboylifegoosefoxfishchildclassmonkey测试答案单词复数意思单词复数意思RusianRusians俄罗斯人thiefthieves窃贼强盗boxboxes盒子familyfamilies家，家庭AmericanAmericans美国人serfserfs奴仆beliefbeliefs信仰babybabies婴儿halfhalves一半mousemice老鼠footfeet脚countrycountries国家乡村地区heroheroes英雄tomatotomatoes西红柿toothteeth牙daydays日brushbrushes刷子proofproofs证据gulfgulfs海湾边sheepsheep羊knifeknives刀busbuses公交车leafleaves树叶kangarookangaroos袋鼠bookbooks书wifewives妻子JapaneseJapanese日本人scarfscarfs/arves围巾披风ArabArabs阿拉伯人deerdeer鹿radioradios收音机buzzbuzzes蜜蜂嗡声嘈杂声FrenchmanFrenchmen法国人wolfwolves狼toytoys玩具chiefchiefs首领selfselves自己EnglishmanEnglishmen英国人roofroofs屋顶上louselice虱子potatopotatoes土豆GermanGermans德国人watchwatches表；手表girlgirls女孩manmen男人thatthose那个SwissSwiss瑞士人pianopianos钢琴handkerchiefhandkerchiefs手帕ChineseChinese中国人NegroeNegroes黑人umbrellaumbrellas伞Thisthese这个shelfshelves架子boyboys男孩lifelives生命goosegeese鹅foxfoxes狐狸fishfish鱼childchildren孩子classclasses班级monkeymonkeys猴子