英语语言学习策略考题及答案

2013-2014SecondTermTestPaperfor“LanguageLearningStrategies”Name_______Major_______Scores______I.Explainthefollowingterms.(20%)1.languagelearningstrategy:Languagelearningstrategyarebehaviorsoractionswhichlearnersusetomakelanguagelearningmoresuccessful,self-directedandenjoyable.AccordingtoOxford,learningstrategyisaplan,steporaconsciousactiontowardachievementofanobjective.O’Malleythinksthatlearningstrategiesareplans,actions,procedures,etcwhichthestudentsadopttoeffectivelyacquire,store,searchandemployinformation.Moreover,LLSrefertomanyspecificactions,behaviorsortechniquesthatstudentsusetoimprovetheirprogressindevelopingL2skills.Itsfeaturesmainlycontaincommunicativecompetenceasthemaingoal,greaterself-directionforlearnersandnewrolesforteachers.OxforddividedLLSintotwomajorclasses:directandindirectstrategies.2.Semanticmappingstrategy：Semanticmappingstrategyreferstoadiagraminwhichthekeyconceptsarehighlightedorlinkedtorelatedconceptsviameaningfulimagery,groupingandassociating.Thisstrategyisvaluableforimprovingbothmemoryandcomprehensionofnewexpressions.Forexample,thinkingof“hair”,wecanconstructaseriesofnewwordsorapicturethatbarbersaredesigningdifferenthairstyles.3.cooperativestrategies:1.）Cooperatingwithpeers:regularlearningpartner&temporarypairorsmallgroup.Controlimpulsetowardcompetitiveness&rivalryviagames,simulations&activeexerciseslikejigsawlistening&readingactivities,(viaquestioning,negotiating,cooperating)sharejournals,penpal,letter.2）Cooperatingwithproficientusersofthenewlanguage(outsideclassroom)4.self-esteem:Itisaself-judgmentofvalueorworth,basedonafeelingofefficacy.Self-esteemisrelatedtoyourself-worthandyourvalue.Buildingself-esteemisthefirststeptowardsyourhappinessandabetterlife.Self-esteemincreasesyourconfidence.Ifyouhaveconfidenceyouwillrespectyourself.Ifyourespectyourselfyoucanrespectothers,improveyourrelationships,yourachievementsandyourhappiness.Lowself-esteemcausesdepression,unhappinessinsecurityandpoorconfidence.Others’desiresmaytakepreferenceoveryours.Innercriticism,thatnaggingvoiceofdisapprovalinsideyou,causesyoutostumbleateverychallengeandchallengesseemimpossible.II.Identifythestrategiesembeddedinthesituationsgiven.IneachsituationyoumustfindatleastFIVEstrategies(20%).1.NEWSPAPER:Youareaforeignlanguagestudentinyoursecondyearofstudy.Withyourclassmates,youarewritingandpublishinganewspaperinthetargetlanguage.Yourtaskistousewrittenpiecesoftargetinformationgiventoyouandthentotransformthatinformationintoarticles—news,editorials,features—andformatthemintoareadablenewspaper.Whichlanguagelearningstrategiesdoyouneedtouse?(receptionstrategies,coverstrategies,groupingstrategies,meta-cognitivestrategies,cognitivestrategies)Whenweusetargetlanguagetomakenews,wewilluseexistingresource.Itbelongstoreceptionstrategies.Meanwhile,wealsousesimplificationofcoverstrategiestomakeitbetterfornewstousesimplemeaningtoexpresscomplexcontents.Soifwearrangelayoutofnews,editorialandfeatures,weshouldusegroupingstrategiestorehearsastructure.Inaddition,selectiveattentiontoinformationwhichyouwanttostress,wecanuseplanningstrategiesandselectiveattentionstrategiesbelongingtometa-cognitivestrategies.Atthelast,itisunnecessarytosummarizecontentandideas,therefore,cognitivestrategiesareusedaswell.2.VISITINGGRANNY:Youareinyour30s.ThreemonthsfromnowyouwillgotoWarsawtovisityourgrandmother,whomyouhavenevermet.YouknowfromyourparentsthatyourgrandmotherspeaksonlyafewwordsofEnglish.YouspeakonlyafewwordsofPolish.YouneedtolearnasmuchPolishasyoucaninthenextthreemonths,soyoucanfindoutallyoucanaboutyourgrandmother’slife,thefamilyhistory,andyourPolishrelativeswhenyougettoPoland.Whichlanguagelearningstrategiesdoyouneedtouse?(managementstrategies,memorystrategies,cognitivestrategies,compensationstrategies,communicationstrategies)BecauseIdon’tknowmuchPolishsoIselectsomewaysformakingupforinsufficientlinguisticresources,whicharemanagementstrategies.IamnotverygoodatPolish,soIneedrefertoadictionarytomemorizesomedailywordsandexpressions,whicharememorystrategies.Icanseizeeveryopportunitytopracticethetargetlanguage,whichbelongstocognitivestrategies.Intheprocessofpracticing,gettingthemeaningacrossusingacircumlocutionorsynonym,whichbelongtocompensationstrategies.Moreovercommunicationstrategiesareused.3.Church:YouareavisitorfromtheUSAinGermany.ItisFriday,andyouwanttoprepareyourselftogotochurchonSundaytoworship,participateintheservice,andpossiblymeetsomeGermanpeopleafterwards.Youhad2yearsofGermanstudy,butthatwasaverylongtimeago.Whichlanguagelearningstrategiesdoyouneedtouse?(affectivestrategies,socialstrategies,cognitivestrategies,communicativestrategies,guessingstrategies)Repeatedlyencouragingmyselfnottobenervousandadaptingtoenvironment，Iuseencouragingandreducinganxietystrategiesbothbelongingtoaffectivestrategies.Furthermore,socialstrategiesarealsousedasIaskedsomeinformationtogotochurchtoworship.Accordingtowhatnativestoldme,Icanmakesomeinferencestohelpseekclue.SoIcanuseguessingstrategiesofcognitivestrategies.Ofcourse,ifIwanttoaskquestionsfromnatives,Imustknowhowtocommuni