毕业设计-矿井提升机串级调速系统设计

-1-毕业设计（论文）矿井提升机串级调速系统设计摘要串级调速是交流异步电动机调速的一种类型,串级调速的思想就是将异步电动机的转子电压经过三相桥式整流变为直流电压，再在其直流侧由可控硅逆变电路产生与其相反的直流电势与三相桥式产生的直流电压串联，改变逆变角的大小来改变直流电势的大小，达到调速的目的，同时还能提高电动机的运行效率和调速的经济性。本文依据矿井提升机对电力拖动系统的要求，采用可控硅串级调速来控制其拖动电动机实现无级调速，满足矿井提升机对电力拖动系统调速性能和节能的要求。本文主要研究三相交流绕线式异步电动机可控硅串级调速系统的主、辅电路设计有关的技术问题。包括系统的组成与工作原理，主回路的设计，控制回路设计，系统的静、动态工作特性计算分析等。关键词：可控硅,串级调速,整流,逆变-2-ABSTRACTThespeedofadjustingofeachistoexchangeakindofadjustingthespeedofasynchronousmotor,Eachtransferthethoughtsofspeedtoturnintodirectcurrentpigeonholethroughthree-phasebridgetyperectificationasynchronoustherotorvoltagesofmotors,Andtheninitsdirectcurrentitinclinestobeatsiliconcontrolledrectifieragainstbecomingcircuitproduceatoppositedirectcurrenttendencyandthree-phasebridgedirectcurrentwhotypeproducepigeonholesandcontacts,Change,Theonesthatstillcanimprovetheoperationalefficiencyofthemotorandadjustspeedatthesametimeareeconomic.Thistextbasismineliftingmachinepullsystematicrequesttoelectricity,adoptsiliconcontrolledrectifiereachisitisitcontrolitpullmotorrealizethesteplessspeedregulationtocomerapidlytoadjust,meetmineliftingmachinepulltoelectricitysystemtransferspeedperformanceandenergy-conservingrequest.Thistextmainresearchthreephasesexchangepersonwhowindthelineasynchronousmotorsiliconcontrolledrectifiereachtransferspeedsystematicmainfact,complementcircuitdesignrelevanttechnologicalquestions.Includingsystematiccompositionandoperationprinciple,maindesignofreturncircuit,controldesignofwayofanswering,quiet,dynamicperformancecharacteristicscomputationalanalysisofthesystem,etc.Thekeywords:Siliconcontrolledrectifier,eachadjustsspeed,rectification,Goagainstandchange-3-目录1.概述···························································································11.1交流电动机调速的发展概况·························································11.2矿井提升机对电力拖动系统的要求···············································31.3本课题研究的目的和内容···························································42.提升机调速系统方案的选择······························································52.1提升机调速成系统调速方式的选择···············································52.2双闭环控制系统的选择······························································52.3桥式电路的选择·······································································62.4触发电路的选择·······································································73.矿井提升机串级调速的工作原理························································83.1串级调速系统工作原理及工作状态···············································83.2串级调速系统主电路的工作原理·················································103.3串级调速控制回路的工作原理····················································123.4矿井提升机的系统组成与工作原理··············································124.主回路电路的设计·········································································154.1三相桥式不可控整流器的设计····················································154.2三相桥式逆变器的设计·····························································154.3逆变变压器的设计···································································164.4平波电抗器LP的设计·······························································164.5晶闸管保护电路的设计·····························································175.控制回路电路的设计······································································195.1稳压电源的设计······································································195.2触发电路的设计······································································225.3定子控制单元的设计································································225.4绝对值单元的设计···································································245.5速度反馈网络的设计································································245.6电流检测反馈网络的设计··························································255.7控制线路的设计······································································266.系统的静、动态特性计算································································286.1系统的静态特性计算································································286.2系统的动态特性计算································································307.串级调速系统调试·········································································357.1一般检查以及线路检查·····························································357.2单元器件的调试······································································357.3系统的调试·············································································377.4操作电路的调试······································································38主要元器件明细表·············································································39结束语····························································································40致谢·······························································································41参考文献-4-1.概述1.1交流电动机调速的发展概况纵观电力传动的发展过程，交直流两种传动方式共存于各个生产领域之中。在电力电子技术发展之前，直流电动机几乎占垄断地位。对于直流电动机只要改变电动机的电压或者励磁电流就可以实现电动机的无级调速，且电动机的转矩容易控制，具有良好的动态性能。随着工业技术的不断发展，它们相互竞争、相互促进。交流电动机，特别是鼠笼式异步电动机与直流电动机相比具有一些突出的优点：制造成本低；重量轻；惯性小；可靠性和运行效率高；维修工作量小；能在恶劣的甚至在有易燃易爆性气体的环境中安全运行。这些与现代调速系统要求的可靠性、可用性、可维修性相一致。正是由于交流电动机的这种优势，使