平遥古城中英双语介绍

平遥古城中英双语介绍TheAncientCityofPingyao平遥古城NaturalFeatures自然概况PingyaoisasmalltownincentralShanxiProvinceintowhosehistorygoesback2700years，whenitwasfirstbuiltduringthereignofKingXuan(827-782BC)oftheWesternZhouDynasty.Sincethe“ProvinceandCountySystembyEmperorQinin221BC，thecityhasbeenthecountyseatinallthetimes.Despitesomanyeventsorincidents,itsurvivedpracticallyasitwasinthe600yearsormoresinceMingandClingdynasties，andranksastheonlyintactancientcityofMingandClingdynastieswellpreservedinChina.位于山西省中部的平遥古城是一座只有2700多年历史的文化名城。平遥古城遥古城始建于西周宣王时期(前827---前782）自公元前221年，秦实行“郡县制”以来，平遥城一直是县治所在地，一直延续至今。平遥古城历尽沧桑，但自明清以来的六白多年间，平遥城市面积和布局基本末变，成为迄今为止国内保存最完整的一座明清时期的古代县城.Thecitywallstretchesforaboutsixkilometers.Thetownisprotectedbyacitymoat，boththreemetersdeepandwide.Outsidethecityisadrawbridge.Witninthecity，fourbigstreetsandeightsmallstreetsradiatetojoinwith72lanes.平遥古城墙绵延约6公里。整个城市由4条深3米、宽3米的护城壕旧护，城门外面有一座吊桥。古城内，4条大街和8条小街纵横交错，连接着72条小巷。Preservedintheancientcityarenear4000traditionalquadrangleresidencesofcommonpeople，over400ofwhicharefairlyintact，inadditiontothefewevenmorecherishedhousesofMingDynastyandthoserareproto-typesofYuanDynasty.ThesesheltersaretypicalofnorthernChinaandShanxiprovince，specificallywiththefollowingfeatures:1.Perfectcombinationofcavedwellingandquadranglecourtyard;2.Rectanglelayoutwithanenclosedbutelaboratespace;3.Mostlyshedorflatroofed;4.Grandcourtyardasawholebutelegantinside;5.CarefullyobservingChinesegeomancyaswellasothercustoms.平遥古城内现今保存有近4000处传统的四合院民居，它们大多有百年以上的历史，其中有400余处保存得相当完好，还有少部分为明代和罕见的元代民居，十分珍贵。这些民居具有典型的汉民族北方居民特点，又是三晋地区民居的典型代表，其特色表现在以下几个方面：（1）是地上窑洞与四合院的完美结合；(2)有狭长的平面布局和封闭但极为卜富的院落空间；（3）屋顶多为单坡和平顶相结合;(4)民居l院落整体形态为外雄内秀;（5）民居中体现了丰富的中国传统风水和其他民俗内容。Somanyancienthouses，citywalls，streets，lanesaswellasotherculturalsitesofMingandQingDynastiesaresoperfectlypreservedinPingyaoCitythatitisreallytheonlyprototypefoundinareasofHanpeopleinChina.平遥古城如此众多的明清时明民居和古城墙，古街，古巷等其他古迹能完好地保存至今，是极为罕见、弥足珍贵的孤例。In1986，StateCouncilannouncedthecityasastatecityofhistoryandculture，andinDecemberof1997UNESCOinscribediton“WorldHeritageListwiththeirconsiderationthat“TheAncientCityofPingYaoisanoutstandingexampleofaHanChinesecityoftheMingandQingDynasties(14th一20thcenturies)thathasretainedallitsfeaturestoanexceptionaldegreeandindoingsoprovidesaremarkablycompletepictureofcultural，social，economic，andreligiousdevelopmentduringoneofthemostseminalperiodsofChinesehistory.”1986年，平遥古城被国务院公布为国家级历史文化名城。1997年12月l被联合国科教文组织列人《世界遗产名录》，世界遗产委员会对其的评价是:平遥古城是中国汉民族城市在明清时期的杰出范例，平遥古城保存了其所有特征，而且在中国的历史发展中，为人们展示了一幅非同寻常的文化、社会、经济及宗教发展的完整画卷。SpecialMention特别提醒Therearethegreatandgrandiosecitywall，Hallof10000BuddhasofNationDefending(Zhengguo)TemplerecognizedastheNo.3mostpreciouswoodstructureinChina，TwinTreesTemplehonoredasthetreasurehouseofpaintedsculptureofancientChina，Dacheng(SupremeSuccess)HallofConfuciusTemplebuiltinSongandJinDynasties，RishengchangDraftBankclaimedas“China’sNo.1financialinstitutionandQingxuTempleofTaoismwiththestructureof“hangingbeamsandpillarsrareinancientbuildings.这里有规模宏大、气势雄伟的古城墙排名我国现存最珍贵的木结构建筑第三的镇国寺万佛殿，誉为‘中国古代彩塑艺术宝库”的双林寺，文庙大成殿，誉为“天下第一号”的“日升昌”票号，古建筑中罕见的“悬梁吊柱”结构的清虚观。MajorScenicSites主要景点Ancientcitywallandthemoat古城墙及护城河AshoppingstreetfromMingandQingDynasties明清商业街MuseumofDraftBanks票号博物馆CityTower市楼AnancientEscortAgency古镖局MuseumofLacquerArt漆器艺术馆TownGodTemple城陛庙CountyOffice县衙署ConfuciusTemple文庙TraditionalQuadrangles传统四合院民居TwinTreesTemple双林寺NationDefendingTempie镇国寺OtherAttractionsAroudthePlace周边名胜MianshanMountain绵山Wang'sMansion王家大院