限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句六大区别及练习

限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句六大区别及练习区别一：形式不同限定性定语从句主句和从句之间不用逗号隔开，口语中使用时也不停顿；而非限定性定语从句与主句之间通常有逗号隔开，口语中使用时有停顿。区别二：功能不同限定性定语从句用于对先行词的意义进行修饰、限制和识别，如果去掉，就会造成句意不完整或概念不清；而非限定性定语从句用于对先行词起补充说明作用，如果省略，句意仍然清楚、完整。如：Peoplewhotakephysicalexerciselivelonger.进行体育锻炼的人活得长些。(若把从句去掉句子就失去意义)Hisdaughter,whoisinBostonnow,iscominghomenextweek.他女儿现在在波士顿，下星期回来。(若把从句去句子意义仍然完整)区别三：翻译不同在翻译定语从句时，一般把限定性定语从句翻译在它所修饰的先行词之前，而把非限定性定语从句与主句分开。如：Heisthemanwhosecarwasstolen.他就是汽车被窃的那个人。I’veinvitedJim,wholivesinthenextflat.我邀请了吉姆，他就住在隔壁。区别四：含义不同比较下面的两个句子：Ihaveasisterwhoisadoctor.我有一个医生的姐姐。(姐姐不止一个)Ihaveasister,whoisadoctor.我有一个姐姐，她是当医生的。(只有一个姐姐)区别五：先行词不同限定性定语从句的先行词只能是名词或代词，而非限定性定语从句的先行词则可以是名词或代词，也可以是短语或句子；另外，当先行词为专有名词或其他具有独一无二性的普通名词时，通常要用非限制性定语从句，而不用限制性定语从句。如：Peterdrovetoofast,whichwasdangerous.彼得开车很快，这是很危险的。(which指drivetoofast)Hechangedhismind,whichmademeveryangry.他改变了主意，这使我很生气。(which指整个主句)Mr.Smith,whoisourboss,willleaveforJapannextweek.我们的老板史密斯先生下周要去日本。(先行词为专有名词，要用非限制性定语从句修饰)Herfather,whohasalotofmoney,wisheshertostudyabroad.她父亲很有钱，希望她出国学习。(先行词为表独一无二意义的普通名词，要用非限制性定语从句修饰)区别六：关系词不同关系词that和why可用于限制性定语从句中，通常不用于非限制性定语从句；另外，在限制性定语从句中，关系词有时可以省略(参见本章有关内容)，而在非限制性定语从句中关系词一律不省略。【巩固练习】1.—Isthatthesmallcompanyyouoftenreferto?—Right,justtheone_______youknowmyfatherusedtoworkforyears.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.as2.—Wheredidtheyfinishtheexperiment?—Itwasinthelab_______wastakenchargeofbyProf.Smith.A.whereB./C.whichD.inwhich3.Examinationcompositions,togetherwithmostbusinesslettersandgovernmentreports,arethemainsituations_______formallanguageisused.A.inwhichB.inthatC.ofwhichD.ofthat4.Whichfilmistheone_______mainactorhaswontheBestActorPrizeinthefilmfestival?A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which5.Inthatcountry,November30thisanationalfestival_______everyone,menandwomen,oldandyoung,singsanddanceshappilyinthestreets.A.whereB.whenC.thatD.as6.ThisisJohnBrown,_______Ithinkhassomethinginterestingtotellyou.A.whichB.whomC.thatD.who7.WeclimbedtheHuangshanMountainyesterday,_______,notsurprisingly,wascrowdedwithvisitorsfromallovertheworld.A.whereB.whichC.thatD.when8.Thefamousfootballplayer,_______abigpartywillbeheldtomorrowmorning,istoarrivethisafternoon.A.inhonourofhimB.inhishonourC.inwhosehonourD.inwhichhonour9._______wasreportedinthenewspaper,seventeenpassengershadbeenkilledinthetrafficaccident.A.ItB.AsC.WhatD.That10.Theownerpaidtheworker$10fortidyingthewholebuilding,mostof_______hadn’tbeencleanedforatleastayear.A.thatB.whatC.whenD.which11.Hehasmadegreatcontributionstothescienceofphysics,_______hewasawardedthe2009NobelPrize.A.aboutwhichB.whatC.forwhichD.when12.Idon’twanttousethesametool_______youusedyesterdaytorepairtheairconditioner.A.itB.thatC.oneD.what13.Theywereinterested_______youtoldthem.A.inwhichB.inthatC.allthatD.ineverything14.Isthatthereason_______youareinfavoroftheproposal?A.whichB.whatC.whyD.forthat15.Ihaveboughtthesamedress_______sheiswearing.A.asB.thatC.whichD.whatKey:1-5CCACB6-10DBCBD11-15CBDCA