kickstart

kickstart开始：开机选PXE网卡启动（一般按F12）--dhcp获取ip和pxelinux.0位置--tftp下载pxelinux.0、vmlinuz、initrd--通过pxelinux.0文件找到pxelinux.cfg里的default配置文件，按配置文件找着vmlinuz引导centos进入安装界面--根据ks.cfg去指定http下载安装文件，并自动安装完成本机ip：192.168.0.6一、制作ks.cfg1.全新安装centos，选择好所需定制包2.完成安装后会在root下面生成一个install.log（rpm包列表）anaconda-ks.cfg（下文的ks.cfg基于此文件修改）3.将其简单编辑下保存起来cat/root/install.log|grepInstalling|sed's/Installing//g'|sed's/^[0-9]\+://g'/tmp/rpm.log4.创建存放rpm包的目录mkdir-p/tmp/cdrom/CentOS5.将centos光盘或iso文件挂在到mnt下mount-oloopCentOS-5.5-i386-bin-DVD.iso/mntmount/dev/cdrom/mnt/6.将所需软件包（rpm.log列出的）copy到/tmp/cdrom/CentOS/下使用shell如下:#!/bin/bashDEBUG=0LT_CD=/mntALL_RPMS_DIR=/mnt/CentOSLT_RPMS_DIR=/tmp/cdrom/CentOS/packages_list=/tmp/rpm.lognumber_of_packages=`cat$packages_list|wc-l`i=1while[$i-le$number_of_packages];doline=`head-n$i$packages_list|tail-n-1`name=`echo$line|awk'{print$1}'`version=`echo$line|awk'{print$3}'|cut-f2-d:`if[$DEBUG-eq1];thenecho$i:$lineecho$nameecho$versionfiif[$DEBUG-eq1];thenls$ALL_RPMS_DIR/$name-$version*if[$?-ne0];thenecho“cp$ALL_RPMS_DIR/$name-$version*”fielseecho“cp$ALL_RPMS_DIR/$name-$version*$LT_RPMS_DIR/”cp$ALL_RPMS_DIR/$name-$version*$LT_RPMS_DIR/#incasethecopyfailedif[$?-ne0];thenecho“cp$ALL_RPMS_DIR/$name-$version*”cp$ALL_RPMS_DIR/$name*$LT_RPMS_DIR/fifii=`expr$i+1`done7.赋予执行权限chmod777rpm.sh执行shell./rpm.sh8.将除CentOS目录以外的文件同步到cdrom文件夹里rsync-avpz--exclude=CentOS/mnt//tmp/cdrom/10.生成ks.cfg文件cat/tmp/cdrom/CentOS/ks.cfginstallurl--url=eth0--bootprotostatic--ip192.168.0.6--netmask255.255.255.0--gateway192.168.0.1--nameserver8.8.8.8--hostnamecsysrootpw--iscrypted$1$ioa/i9np$zbOdjS52XKA62z7NC5KwN/firewall--enabled--port=22:tcpauthconfig--enableshadow--enablemd5selinux--enforcingtimezoneAsia/Shanghaibootloader--location=mbr--driveorder=hdbtextfirstboot--disablelogging--level=inforebootzerombrclearpart--all--initlabelpartswap--fstype=swap--size=2000part/boot--fstype=ext3--size=100part/--fstype=ext3--size=20000part/opt--fstype=ext3--grow--size=1skipx%packages--resolvedeps@base@core@dialup@editors@text-internetkeyutilstrousersfipscheckdevice-mapper-multipath%postechonameserver202.106.46.151/etc/resolv.conf/sbin/chkconfigmicrocode_ctloff/sbin/chkconfiglvm2-monitoroff/sbin/chkconfigreadahead_earlyoff/sbin/chkconfigkudzuoff/sbin/chkconfigmcstransoff/sbin/chkconfigisdnoff/sbin/chkconfigauditdoff/sbin/chkconfigrestorecondoff/sbin/chkconfigcpuspeedoff/sbin/chkconfigirqbalanceoff/sbin/chkconfigportmapoff/sbin/chkconfignfslockoff/sbin/chkconfigmdmonitoroff/sbin/chkconfigrpcidmapdoff/sbin/chkconfigrpcgssdoff/sbin/chkconfigmessagebusoff/sbin/chkconfigbluetoothoff/sbin/chkconfignetfsoff/sbin/chkconfigpcscdoff/sbin/chkconfigacpidoff/sbin/chkconfigapmdoff/sbin/chkconfighaldaemonoff/sbin/chkconfighiddoff/sbin/chkconfigautofsoff/sbin/chkconfigcupsoff/sbin/chkconfigrawdevicesoff/sbin/chkconfigsendmailoff/sbin/chkconfiggpmoff/sbin/chkconfiganacronoff/sbin/chkconfigatdoff/sbin/chkconfigyum-updatesdoff/sbin/chkconfigavahi-daemonoff/sbin/chkconfigfirstbootoff/sbin/chkconfiglocaloff/sbin/chkconfigsmartdoff/usr/sbin/eject11.制作iso文件（网络安装，可省略）mkisofs-r-T-J-VCentOS-bisolinux/isolinux.bin-cisolinux/boot.cat-no-emul-boot-boot-load-size4-boot-info-table-o/tmp/CentOS5.5-i386.iso/tmp/cdrom/12.将/tmp/cdrom/目录设置成http跟目录。二、安装tftp安装yuminstalltftp*配置-bash-3.2#more/etc/xinetd.d/tftpservicetftp{socket_type=dgramprotocol=udpwait=yesuser=rootserver=/usr/sbin/in.tftpdserver_args=-unobody-s/tftpbootdisable=noper_source=11cps=1002flags=IPv4}启动-bash-3.2#/etc/init.d/xinetdrestart查看确认-bash-3.2#chkconfig--list|greptftptftp:on三、安装dhcp安装-bash-3.2#yuminstalldhcp*配置-bash-3.2#more/etc/dhcpd.confddns-update-styleinterim;ignoreclient-updates;allowbooting;allowbootp;subnet192.168.0.0netmask255.255.255.0{optionrouters192.168.0.1;optionsubnet-mask255.255.255.0;optiondomain-name-servers8.8.8.8;optiontime-offset-18000;rangedynamic-bootp192.168.0.200192.168.0.254;default-lease-time21600;max-lease-time43200;next-server192.168.0.6;filename/pxelinux.0;}hostwy{hardwareethernet40:61:86:7C:77:F3;fixed-address192.168.0.6;}启动-bash-3.2#/etc/init.d/dhcpdstart卡机自动启动-bash-3.2#chkconfig--level2345dhcpdon查看确认-bash-3.2#chkconfig--list|grepdhcpddhcpd0ff1ff2n3n4n5n6ff四.pxe相关文件放到tftp目录挂载centos5.5光盘到/mnt目录-bash-3.2#mkdir/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg-bash-3.2#cp/usr/lib/syslinux/pxelinux.0/tftpboot/-bash-3.2#cp/mnt/isolinux/vmlinuz/tftpboot/-bash-3.2#cp/mnt/isolinux/initrd.img/tftpboot/-bash-3.2#vi/tftpboot/pxelinux.cfg/defaultdefaultlinuxdisplayboot.msgF1boot.msgF2options.msgF3general.msgF4param.msgF5rescue.msglabellinuxkernelvmlinuzappendinitrd=initrd.imgramdisk_size=8192ks==initrd.imgtextlabelkskernelvmlinuzappendksinitrd=initrd.imglabellocallocalboot1labelmemtest86kernelmemtestappend-#文件说明dhcpd.conf:/etc/dhcpd.conf通常包括三部分：parameters、declarations、option。1.DHCP配置文件中的parameters（参数）：表明如何执行任务，是否要执行任务，或将哪些网络配置选项发送给客户参数解释ddns-update-style配置DHCP-DNS互动更新模式。default-lease-time指定确省租赁时间的长度，单位是秒。max-lease-time指定最大租赁