中国生态系统效益的价值

4512000117*(100093;*100081.,Email:[e-mail]).Costanza.14000000.77834.48/1994.56098.46/21736.02/.GDP199445006GDP1.73.15433.98/27.51.26763.9/.8697.68/.12223.04/.2.71%..1......21.,.(mega-biodiversity)..[1,2]..45120001181400[3]./////10.(ecologicalinformationsystem,EIS)[4].Costanza[1]1617(1)..Costanza[1]1).Costanza[1].1[1]1CO2/O2O3UV-BSOx2DMS()345678NP9101112131415()1617(1)CO2C0.8~2kg/m2[5],1kg/m2,CO20.02[6],C200USD/hm2,50a,5%,CO25.93USD/(hm2a);1Nature(2)N2OColoradoN2O[7],(0.191kg/(hm2a)),N2ON2.94USD/kg[6]N2O0.56USD/(hm2a);(3)CH4CH4[7],N2O,CH4(0.474kg/(hm2a))CH4(0.11USD/kg)CH40.05USD/(hm2a).37USD/(hm2a),,.2().2.1433×104km277834.48/(1994)[8].960×104km256098.46/473×104km221736.02/.1994(GDP)45006,GDP1.73(3)GDP1.25..1291177km213.45%15433.98/27.51%/..158597km21.65%2/km2/USD(hm2a)-1a)/108USDa-1/108RMBa-19600000678*6508.9256098.4612911771387*1790.7515433.9882159520071648.9414211.73/469582302141.811222.2543498442321009.168697.6857599905.7449.51158597195803105.3326763.90/508438498432.063723.8314994734120/442461180291092165.871429.564730000533*2521.9621736.0243800002521103.769512.9835000040521418.2012223.0414330000630*9030.8877834.48a)*[1]45120001203/104km2/109USDa-1/USDhm2a-1GNPa/109USDa-1ESV/GNPb)1532312319804960650.89678.01/(%)6.275.283630220949577473252.20533.19/(%)1.301.205162533268644183001.821433903.09630.21522.191.73/(%)2.782.712.85a)GDP;b)ESV/GDP26763.9/47.71%;10000/..(3).;.31.821.73.(4).4(1)(2)(3)(4)..(5).352.78%2.71%..;.[9]6201702258045120001214RMB(hm2a)-1/108RMBa-1/RMB(hm2a)-1/108RMBa-11173997867.00221744991063.52511210349357.97121184153595.98218387663364.31271936651526.187948484265.15524203619652.14416581671739.54882136024424.5674681051358.5731022225137.1582977668950.57214232239118.298288a)72864217.4485242105443.782209677311154.9501251840290.900221062627225.5343261717275.35323116079605.20617271535261.3632512b)5437959.7551328150917.759301351951007.94312291456214.97227144766466.44119301356256.03526154733887.20715317934.348311647303456.4036a)b)5/108USDa-1%1237.18134101.772224.5468403.2831184.05177906.664297.40111502.6751319.54169207.806324.4457605.63718.135303.4282561.301707501.509791.54227703.4810133.99117011.4511178.6541704.281272.5212405.8513503.12138603.6314279.8172103.881533.697904.2616234.5381502.8817636.45301502.119030.883326802.714512000122CO260620.3(1).(2)77834.48/56098.46/21736.02/.19941.73..(3).EIS.(:49731020)(:39899370).1CostanzaR,d’ArgeR,deGrootR,etal.Thevalueoftheworld’secosystemservicesandnaturalcapital.Nature1997,387:253~2602DailyG,ed.Nature’sServices:SocietalDependenceonNaturalEcosystems.Washington:IslandPress,19973,.(1:4000000).,19824,..:,19955BurkeIC,YonkerCM,PartonWJ,etal.Texture,climate,andcultivationeffectsonsoilorganiccontentinUSgrasslandsoils.SoilScienceSocietyofAmericaJournal,1989,53:800~8056FankhauserS,PearceDW.Thesocialcostsofgreenhousegasemissions.In:TheEconomicsofClimateChange.ProceedingsofanOECD/IEAConference,Paris,1994.71~867MosierAD,SchimelD,ValentineD,etal.Methaneandnitrousoxidefluxesinnative,fertilizedandcultivatedgrasslands.Nature,1991,350:330~3328.1995.:,1995.688,7659President’sCommitteeofAdvisersonScienceandTechnology.PCASTpanelonbiodiversityandecosystems.TeamingwithLife:InvestinginSciencetoUnderstandandUseAmerica’sLivingCapital.Washington.1998(1999-08-081999-10-25)(100871;,100101100101.Email:[e-mail])..中国生态系统效益的价值作者：陈仲新，张新时作者单位：陈仲新(中国农业科学院农业自然资源与农业区划研究所,北京100081)，张新时(中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态学开放实验室,北京,100093)刊名：科学通报英文刊名：CHINESESCIENCEBULLETIN年，卷(期)：2000,45(1)被引用次数：612次参考文献(9条)1.CostanzaR;d'ArgeR;deGrootRThevalueoftheworld'secosystemservicesandnaturalcapital[外文期刊]19972.DailyGNature'sServices:SocietalDependenceonNaturalEcosystems19973.侯学煜中华人民共和国植被图(1:4000000)19824.鹿守本中国自然资源丛书(海洋卷)19955.BurkeIC;YonkerCM;PartonWJTexture,climate,andcultivationeffectsonsoilorganiccontentinUSgrasslandsoils19896.FankhauserS;PearceDWThesocialcostsofgreenhousegasemissions19947.MosierAD;SchimelD;ValentineDMethaneandnitrousoxidefluxesinnative,fertilizedandcultivatedgrasslands[外文期刊]19918.中国经济年鉴编辑委员会中国经济年鉴(1995)19959.President'sCommitteeofAdvisersonScienceandTechnologyPCASTpanelonbiodiversityandecosystems.TeamingwithLife:InvestinginSciencetoUnderstandandUseAmerica'sLivingCapital1998引证文献(621条)1.王兵.任晓旭.胡文中国森林生态系统服务功能及其价值评估[期刊论文]-林业科学2011(2)2.苗正红.王宗明.宋开山.任春颖.杜嘉.张素梅基于遥感技术的吉林省生态资产定量评估与动态监测[期刊论文]-国土资源遥感2011(2)3.马中华.张勃.张建香.靳生理.孙力炜疏勒河中游生态服务价值对土地利用变化的响应[期刊论文]-生态学杂志2011(11)4.王天伟.高照良.李永红.郭文.刘爱霞土地利用类型变化对生态服务价值的影响[期刊论文]-水土保持通报2011(3)5.李佩武.李贵才.陈莉.李子鹤.徐凤深圳梧桐山林地固碳释氧与减污净气生态服务价值预测[期刊论文]-林业科学2010(4)6.杨慧清天然草地植被固定CO2释放O2功能评价——以青海省海西蒙古族藏族自治州天然草地为例[期刊论文]-安徽农业科学2010(17)7.甘德欣.曾玲.蒋廷杰.周舟长沙市湿地生态系统服务功能价值评估研究[期刊论文]-湿地科学与管理2010(4)8.王兵.马向前.郭浩.王燕.冷泠中国杉木林的生态系统服务价值评估[期刊论文]-林业科学2009(4)9.王雪湘.陈颢.陈秀梅唐山市采煤塌陷区湿地效益分析[期刊论文]-河北林业科技2009(2)10.张晓晨.朱志玲.王彩娟.胡燕琴银川市城市生态服务功能价值的变化分析[期刊论文]-干旱环境监测2009(1)11.杨丽雯.王大勇沙坡头人工植被防护体系防风固沙功能价值评价[期刊论文]-山西师范大学学报(自然科学版)2009(4)12.余新晓.吴岚.饶良懿.周健.李静锐.杨永强水土保持生态服务功能价值估算[期刊论文]-中国水土保持科学2008(1)13.翟水晶.胡维平.钱谊江苏泗洪洪泽湖湿地自然保护区生态服务功能价值评估[期刊论文]-生态与农村环境学报2008(1)14.王瑞杰.覃志豪.姜立鹏.叶柯中国草原生态系统退化的价值损失量遥感估算[期刊论文