支持互联网上协同决策的分布式黑板控制机制

20021111:100026788(2002)1120021205,,(,310027):,GA,,GAL,GA,,L:;;;:TP2:ADistributedBlackboardControlSupportingCooperativeDecisiononInternetLIUJun2qiang,WUZhao2hui,PANYun2he(InstituteofArtificialIntelligence,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310027,China)Abstract:Inthispaper,aformallanguagedescribingblackboardandknowledgesourceisproposed,andknowledgeexchangeformatisdefined.Agenericagentmodelbasedonaproductionsystemisde2signedandimplemented,whichisthemajorcomponentofthecooperativedecisionplatformonInternet.ExperimentsshowthatsystemsconstructedfromGAareextensibleandflexibleinthattheyexhibitstrengthsofdistributedcomputingandenableuserstofindthebestsolutionstructure.Keywords:blackboardsystems;cooperativedecision;distributedproblemsolving;agents:2001204219:(699051);(28.1.2):,,,,,,1L,L,L22.1HEARSAY2II[1],:L,,()LLL,,L,,,,L©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.1L,L(),L,L2.2L2,,L,,LL,,L33.1,X={d1,,di}Z,di,,Z1(BNF)L1blackboarddescription::=blackboardidentitydataobjectsclassdescriptionblackboardidentity::=BLACKBOARDblackboardnamedataobjects::={explicitobjectûgenericobject}n0explicitobject::=EXPLICITinstancenameOFclassnamegenericobject::=GENERICclassnameclassdescription::=(CLASSclassname{SLOTslotnameTYPEtype}n1)BLACKBOARD,(dataobjects),(class)L(EXPLICIT),(GENERIC)L11mybbL1BLACKBOARDmybbEXPLICITd1OFc1GENERICc2CLASSc1SLOTcs11TYPEintegerSLOTcs12TYPEinteger22200211©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.CLASSc2SLOTcs21TYPEfloatSLOTcs22TYPEfloat3.2,IV={iv1,,ivn},,OV={ov1,,ovm},,PR={pr1,,prk},,PT={pt1,,ptp}Z2(BNF)L2KSdescription::=KSidentityIVPRPTOVPRPTrelatingblackboardKSidentity::=KNOWLEDGESOURCEksnameIV::=INPUTdataobjectsPR::=[PRECON{patternûbooleanexpression}n1]OV::=OUTPUTdataobjectsPT::=[POSTCON{patternûbooleanexpression}n1]relatingblackboard::=RELATINGblackboardnameLL()LL22myksL2KNOWLEDGESOURCEmyksINPUTEXPLICITd1OFc1OUTPUTGENERICc2RELATINGmybb3.33(BNF)L3L33mybbmyksL3kifdescription::=typeactionmessagePTaction::=INSERTûDELETEtype::=FACTûINSTANCEmessage::=factûinstancefact::=assertionstringinstance::={instancenameOFclassname{(slotnameslotvalue)}n0}m13INSERTINSTANCEd1OFc1(cs113)d2OFc2(cs224.5)4,,L,GA(genericagent)LGA,L4.1GA3,GA(),(IQ)(OQ)LL3211©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,2LLLGA,,L,L,,L,,,,,L3GA,,L,LL,,,,,,L,,L4.2GA,[6],,TCPöIPserverTCPöIPclient,,L,12LGAWindowsNT,C++.GA,::(define2agentblackboarddescription)(define2agentKSdescription),blackboarddescriptionKSdescription1,2L:(generate2blackboard2controlportfilename)(generate2ks2controlportfilename)filename,portL:(startportfilename),port,filenameL:(stop)L,,,,3L4.3GA[9],42200211©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.,GA,L,,,,,L5GA,,GALGA,,LL:[1]ErmanLD,etal.Hearsay2IIspeech2understandingsystem:integratingknowledgetoresolveuncertainty[J].ACMComputingSurvey,1980,12(2):213-253.[2]ReddyM,etal.Theblackboardmodel:asurveyofitsapplication[J].ArtificialIntelligence,1991,5:169-186.[3]LlinasJ,etal.Blackboardconceptsfordatafusionapplications[J].InternationalJournalofPatternRecognitionandArtificialIntelligence,1993,7(2):285-308.[4]CraigID.Formaltechniquesinthedevelopmentofblackboardsystems[J].InternationalJournalofPatternRecogni2tionandArtificialIntelligence,1993,7(2):197-219.[5]McManusJW,etal.Designandanalysistechniquesforconcurrentblackboardsystems[J].IEEEtransactionsonsystems,man,andcybernetics,1996,26(6):669-680.[6].ZIPE[R].:TR9001,1990.[7],.[R].,:TR9802,1998.[8],.:[R].,:TR9803,1998.[9],,.[R].,:TR9909,1999.(10):[1],.[J].,1999,19(7):128-131.[2].[M].:,1993.[3],.[M].:,1989.[4]AL2SaltiM,StathamA.AreviewoftheliteratureontheuseofSPCinbatchproduction[J].QualityandReliabilityEngineeringInternational,1994,10:49-46.5211©1995-2004TsinghuaTongfangOpticalDiscCo.,Ltd.Allrightsreserved.