高考英语_高三英语_高中英语必考点知识清单(超级经典!)

2008高考英语知识串讲-1-作者：胡晓凌一、LanguagePoints1.sharev.分享、合用：sharesthwithsbn.一份，股份sparea.业余的，备用的：sparetime,asparetirev.抽出，匀给：sparemefiveminutes/spareoneofsandwichesfortheboysparenoefforts：不遗余力sparenoexpense：不惜工本savev.节省，救出2.Hefeltluckytohavesurvivedthewar.3.withsbabout/oversth：和某人就某事争论arguefor/againststh：赞成/反对…Sbinto/outof(doing)sth：说服某人做/不做某事4.have/make/let/see/watch/listento+宾+宾补(do/doing/done)getsbtodosthhave+宾+宾补(todo/tobedone)5.So+同一主语+助动词So/neither/nor+助动词+另一主语Soitis/waswith+另一主语6.should/oughtto/need/could/might/would+do/havedone7.except/but/exceptfor/exceptthat/exceptwh-clausebesides/inadditionapartfrombutfor=without8.Thefirsttime+从句Forthefirsttime：作时间状语It’sthefirsttime+that-clause(完成时)thefirst+名词+todo9.mostmostofthe+n.(pl)/pron.themajorityof(the)mostly:主要地（状）10.beequaltosth：与…相等beequalto(doing)sth：胜任(做)某事equalsth：与…相等equalsbinsth：在…方面与某人匹敌11.compare…to/with…comparedto/with…12.agreatmanyseveral/twodozen/hundred+n.(pl.)(many)dozensofagreatmanyof+the/these/those+n.(pl.)seveal/twodozenof+pron.13.muchtoo+adj/adv(原级)toomuch+n.(u.)toomany+n.(pl.)14.没有被动态comeabout(主要用于疑问句、否定句)happen(表示偶然、碰巧之意)sth+takeplace(多表示有组织、有计划)breakout(指战争、灾害、疾病等的爆发)occur(与happen通用)Itoccurstosbthat/todo…：某人突然想起…15.n./pron./adj./adv./prep-phrasetodo：表将来With+宾+宾补doing：表正在进行Done：表过去16.强调句型的判断方法：如果将句子中的“itbe”和“that”去掉，原句通顺则是强调句，否则就不是强调句。例：ItwasinthestreetthatImetanoldfriendyesterday.一、Languagepoints1.sb./sth.+adj/nsb./sth.+todoconsider(以为，认为)＋sb./sth.+asthat-clausen.consider(考虑)＋doing疑问词+todosth“把…当作…”的译法：consider…as=thinkof/lookon/take/regard/treat/have…as2.todoAway+ofdoing(that/inwhich)+定语从句AmethodofdoingsthbythismeansYoucansolvetheproblem+withthismethodinthiswaybymeansof:通过…方式，以…手段bythis/thatmeans:通过这种/那种方式byallmeans:务必，一定；（用于回答）当然行，请bynomeans:决不，一点也不（用于句首时用倒装）3.protect…(from)doingsthprevent/stop…(from)doingsthkeep…fromdoingkeep…doingunderthepotectionof…4.aswellaswellasmight/mayaswell=hadbetter5.todospecially+for-phraseespecially6.alongtheriver:沿着河流overtheriver:在河的正上方throughtheforest:穿过森林bytheriver:在河边onthebank:在河岸上7.followtheinstructionsfollowone’sadviceasfollows8.beresponsibletosbforsth9.n.doing/todosthsbtodosthprefer+sthtosthdoingAtodoingBtodoAratherthandosththatsb(should)dosth10.n.+after+n.=one+n.+afteranother一个接一个（强调动作的重复）n.+by+n.:一个接一个（强调动作的变化）treeaftertree/daybyday11.say“hi”tosb.Pleaseremembermetosb.向“某人”问好Sendmyregardstosb.Sendthebestwishestosb.12.主+be+adj.+todo:不定式一般用主动式，与主语存在逻辑上的动宾关系，所以当不定式的动词是不及物动词时，则应在其后加上适当的介词。主+be+adj.+todo=Itbe+adj.+(for/ofsb)+todostheg.Thisquestionisdifficulttoanswer.=It’sdifficulttoanswerthequestion.Themanishardtoworkwith.=It’shardtoworkwiththeman.2008高考英语知识串讲-2-作者：胡晓凌当不定式用作定语时，与其所修饰的词之间存在逻辑上的动宾关系，且主语为该动作的执行者时，也常常用主动形式。Eg.Hewantswatertodrink.Shehasaroomtolivein.IwillgotoBeijingtomorrow.Doyouhaveanythingtobetakenthere?二、语法专题──冠词的考点1.考查冠词的一些基本用法，例如：复数名词、不可数名词表示泛指不用任何冠词；the+单数名词表类指；a/an+单数名词表泛指。2.考查冠词的习惯用法。如：incaseoffire,bewoundedintheleg,onthetelephone,leavecollege等。3.考查冠词的活用。如：抽象名词的具体化，asuccess;a/an+专有名词表泛指，anEdison。4.考查零冠词的用法。三、题型归纳──结构型单项填空结构型试题常表现在句子中某些成分的省略、标点符号的出现、倒装或插入其他成分使前后分离等，从而引起句子结构的变化，扰乱对句子的判断。1.有省略的复合句。由于宾语从句或定语从句中谓语部分行为动词的省略，导致对不定式作状语产生误解。2.标点符号的影响。由于受汉语习惯的影响，往往会因为句子中的标点符号，弄错句子的结构。3.插入语的影响。有些句子由于中间插入了某些成分，而使句子显得支离破碎，造成对句子结构的误解。4.倒装句型的基本结构：(1)完全倒装；(2)部分倒装：1）在特殊疑问句和一般疑问句中；2）so/neither/nor+do/be/have/情态动词＋主语；3）当虚拟语气的条件从句中省略if时，were,had,和should应置于句首，采用倒装结构；4）表示祝愿的句子：may+主语+动词原形；5）as,though引导让步状语从句时：提前部分+as+主语+谓语动词；6）表示否定意义的副词、介词短语和连词词组置于句首；7）当notuntil+时间状语从句置于句首时，主句应采用倒装结构，而从句仍用正常语序；8）notonly…butalso…连接两个句子时，第一个句子采用倒装结构，第二个句子不采用倒装结构；9）nosooner…tham…,hardly…when…,scarcely…when…都表示“一…就…”，强调过去的两个动作接连发生，当nosooner,hardly和scarcely置于句首时，主句常把had置于主语之前，采用倒装结构，但从句不倒装。10）only+副词/介词短语/宾语/时间状语从句置于句首时，常采用倒装，但only+主语则不应采用倒装；11）在so/such…that…引导的结果状语从句中，将so+adj./adv.或such置于句首时，其主句常采用倒装结构。5.强调句型，感叹句，并列句的应用。6.独立主格结构。1)n+todo;2)n+doing;3)n+done;4)n+prep.+n.;5)n+adj/adv;6)n+n;7)with+n+todo/doing/done/adj/adv/prep+n.1.Hesaidhewoulddowhathecould____us.A.helpB.tohelpC.helpingD.helped2.Hespentallthemoneyhehad____thatdictionary.A.buyB.tobuyC.buyingD.bought3.Therearemorethanthreethousandstudentsinmyschool,mostof____fromthecountry.A.thatB.whichC.whomD.them4.Itishiscleverness,nothisstrenth,____defeatedhisrival.A.thatB.whichC.whatD.who5.Thewayyouthinkof_____ourlivingconditionssoundsreasonable.A.improveB.toimproveC.improvingD.improvement6.Ifeelstronglythatwhateveryou____mattertome.A.don’tB.dodoesn’tC.don’tdoD.doesn’tdo7.Isthisschool____youstudiedintwoyearsago?A.thatB.whenC.itD.theone8.Pleasetellmethewaythoughtof____thegarden.A.takecareofB.totakecareofC.takingcareofD.howtotakecareof9.MrWangwasmuchdisappointedtoseethewashingmachinehehadhad____wentwrongagain.A.itrepairedB.toberepairedC.repairedD.repairing10.Wewilldoeverythingwecan____ourcity.A.tosaveB.saveC.savingD.saved11.TheairqualityinBeijingaswellasintheneighboringcitiesweoncespentmuchtime____betterandbetter.A.ingettingB.havinggotC.inisgettingD.hasgot12.Whodidtheteacher,aswellasthemonitor,____anarticleforthewallnewspaper?A.haswriteB.haswrittenC.havewriteD.havewritten13.Whatdoyouco