公允价值计量-英文1-征求意见稿

FairValueMeasurementCommentstobereceivedby28September2009May2009ExposureDraftED/2009/5ExposureDraftFAIRVALUEMEASUREMENTCommentstobereceivedby28September2009ED/2009/5ThisexposuredraftFairValueMeasurementispublishedbytheInternationalAccountingStandardsBoard(IASB)forcommentonly.TheproposalsmaybemodifiedinthelightofthecommentsreceivedbeforebeingissuedasanInternationalFinancialReportingStandard(IFRS).CommentsonthedraftIFRSanditsaccompanyingdocuments(seeseparatebooklets)shouldbesubmittedinwritingsoastobereceivedby28September2009.RespondentsareaskedtosendtheircommentselectronicallytotheIASBwebsite(),usingthe‘OpentoComment’page.Allresponseswillbeputonthepublicrecordunlesstherespondentrequestsconfidentiality.However,suchrequestswillnotnormallybegrantedunlesssupportedbygoodreason,suchascommercialconfidence.TheIASB,theInternationalAccountingStandardsCommitteeFoundation(IASCF),theauthorsandthepublishersdonotacceptresponsibilityforlosscausedtoanypersonwhoactsorrefrainsfromactinginrelianceonthematerialinthispublication,whethersuchlossiscausedbynegligenceorotherwise.Copyright©2009IASCF®ISBNforthispart:978-1-907026-11-9ISBNforcompletepublication(setofthreeparts):978-1-907026-10-2Allrightsreserved.CopiesofthedraftIFRSanditsaccompanyingdocumentsmaybemadeforthepurposeofpreparingcommentstobesubmittedtotheIASB,providedsuchcopiesareforpersonalorintra-organisationaluseonlyandarenotsoldordisseminatedandprovidedeachcopyacknowledgestheIASCF’scopyrightandsetsouttheIASB’saddressinfull.Otherwise,nopartofthispublicationmaybetranslated,reprintedorreproducedorutilisedinanyformeitherinwholeorinpartorbyanyelectronic,mechanicalorothermeans,nowknownorhereafterinvented,includingphotocopyingandrecording,orinanyinformationstorageandretrievalsystem,withoutpriorpermissioninwritingfromtheIASCF.TheIASBlogo/theIASCFlogo/‘HexagonDevice’,theIASCFoundationEducationlogo,‘IASCFoundation’,‘eIFRS’,‘IAS’,‘IASB’,‘IASC’,‘IASCF’,‘IASs’,‘IFRIC’,‘IFRS’,‘IFRSs’,‘InternationalAccountingStandards’,‘InternationalFinancialReportingStandards’and‘SIC’areTradeMarksoftheIASCF.Additionalcopiesofthispublicationmaybeobtainedfrom:IASCFoundationPublicationsDepartment,1stFloor,30CannonStreet,LondonEC4M6XH,UnitedKingdom.Tel:[phone]Fax:[phone]Email:[e-mail]:©CopyrightIASCFCONTENTSparagraphsINTRODUCTIONANDINVITATIONTOCOMMENT[DRAFT]INTERNATIONALFINANCIALREPORTINGSTANDARDXFAIRVALUEMEASUREMENTCOREPRINCIPLE1SCOPE2–3MEASUREMENT4–55Fairvalue4–33Theassetorliability5–6Thetransaction7–12Marketparticipants13–14Theprice15–16Applicationtoassets:highestandbestuse17–21Applicationtoassets:valuationpremise22–24Applicationtoliabilities:generalprinciples25–28Applicationtoliabilities:non-performancerisk29–30Applicationtoliabilities:restrictions31Applicationtoequityinstruments32–33Fairvalueatinitialrecognition34–37Valuationtechniques38–40Inputstovaluationtechniques41–42Fairvaluehierarchy43–55Level1inputs45–50Level2inputs51–52Level3inputs53–54Inputsbasedonbidandaskprices55DISCLOSURES56–61EFFECTIVEDATEANDTRANSITION62–64APPENDICES:ADefinedtermsBApplicationguidanceCPresentvaluetechniquesDAmendmentstootherIFRSsFAIRVALUEMEASUREMENT©CopyrightIASCF4APPROVALOFFAIRVALUEMEASUREMENTBYTHEBOARDBASISFORCONCLUSIONS(seeseparatebooklet)ILLUSTRATIVEEXAMPLES(seeseparatebooklet)EXPOSUREDRAFTMAY20095©CopyrightIASCFIntroductionReasonsforpublishingtheexposuredraftTheproposedIFRSdefinesfairvalue,establishesaframeworkformeasuringfairvalueandrequiresdisclosuresaboutfairvaluemeasurements.IFRSsrequiresomeassets,liabilitiesandequityinstrumentstobemeasuredatfairvalue.However,guidanceonmeasuringfairvaluehasbeenaddedtoIFRSspiecemealovermanyyearsastheInternationalAccountingStandardsBoardoritspredecessordecidedthatfairvaluewasanappropriatemeasurementordisclosurebasisinaparticularsituation.Asaresult,guidanceonmeasuringfairvalueisdispersedacrossmanyIFRSsanditisnotalwaysconsistent.Furthermore,thecurrentguidanceisincomplete,inthatitprovidesneitheraclearmeasurementobjectivenorarobustmeasurementframework.TheBoardbelievesthatthisaddsunnecessarycomplexitytoIFRSsandcontributestodiversityinpractice.TheBoard’sobjectivesforpublishingtheproposedIFRSare:(a)toestablishasinglesourceofguidanceforallfairvaluemeasurementsrequiredorpermittedbyIFRSstoreducecomplexityandimproveconsistencyintheirapplication;(b)toclarifythedefinitionoffairvalueandrelatedguidanceinordertocommunicatethemeasurementobjectivemoreclearly;and(c)toenhancedisclosuresaboutfairvaluetoenableusersoffinancialstatementstoassesstheextenttowhichfairvalueisusedandtoinformthemabouttheinputsusedtoderivethosefairvalues.TheproposedIFRSdoesnotrequireadditionalfairvaluemeasurements.MainfeaturesofthedraftIFRSThedraftIFRSdefinesfairvalueasthepricethatwouldbereceivedtosellanassetorpaidtotransferaliabilityinanorderlytransactionbetweenmarketparticipantsatthemeasurementdate(anexitprice).Intheabsenceofanactualtransactionatthemeasurementdate,afairvaluemeasurementassumesahypotheticaltransactioninthemostadvantageousmarketfortheass