组织决策的过程和结构要素分析(1)

(),,,,.:,,,0[13],.(ODSS),HackathornKeen[4]1981,,ODSS..,,.,ODSS,:,ODSS,ODSS,ODSS;,,ODSS.,ODSS,ODSS.,,ODSS.,ODSSODSS.731997JOURNALOFDECISIONMAKINGANDDECISIONSUPPORTSYSTEMSVol.7No.31997:.:.:430074.(:79470032).1,(),,.,,,.,,,.,,,.,,.,,[5].,Mintzberg[6]3,,1,.11.1,,.,:,(),().1.2,;,,,,.(),.1.3()().,,:661997:...,.:,.,,.,,,,.,,,.,:.,..,,,,,,,,,.,,,,.:1)(),,:::,2),;3),.:,2.1.4,.,,.763:2::;:,;:,;:.:():();:.::.H.A.Simon[7].,,().;:,.;:;;:,;,,.1.5,,,,,..,;,,,,.:861997:,[8],;,,;:,,,,;[6]:,,.3[6].2,,,ODSS.15.525.2,+.+2+.31.121.:Pp1,p.4$,$2$.Pe$,e(),e:e=LS,PPS,KS,3,LSPPSKSLSPPSKS3e,:5O,PoO,Oo=D,C,G,L,Q;G,C,L1)PoO,vIN,ûIû,D:O$2,s.t.D(o)={eiûiI}$2DoD(o)oûIû:ei,iI963:2)POO,vKN,ûKû,C:O+2s.t.C(o)={rjûjK}+2Co.C(o)oûKû:rj,jK3)POO,eD(o),vHN,ûHû,G:$O+2s.t.G(e,o)={rjoûiH}+2Go.G(e,o)oe:rio,iH.,eD(o){G(e,o)}=C(o)4)POO,rC(o),vMN,ûMû,L:+O$2s.t.L(r,o)={eojûjM}$2Lo.L(r,o)or:eoj,jM.,rC(o){L(r,o)}=D(o)5)POO,vYN,ûYû,Q:OP2s.t.Q(o)={pkûkY}P2Qo.Q(o)o.6)G;C;L.6PoO,rC(o),vN,ûû,S:+O52s.t.S(r,o)={qiûi}=qvqh52qv,qhS(r,o),qvqh=ÁPqiqv5,iN,qir();Pqjqh5,jN,qir().So.S(r,o)roû7û:qi,i7.:PoO,riC(o),rjC(o),iN,jNri=rjZi=jZS(ri,o)=S(rj,o)7PoO,rC(o),eD(o)f:+$[0,1],f(r,e)=0,erf(r,e)=1,erf(r,e)=a,0a1,era,071997f.8pPH=Dp,Cp,Gp,Lp,Vp,7p1)PoO,pQ(o)P,vIN,ûIû,Dp:PO$2,s.t.Dp(p,o)={eiûiI}$2Dpop2.Dp(p,o)oûIûp:ei,iI2)PoO,pQ(o)P,vKN,ûKû,Cp:PO$2,s.t.Cp(p,o)={rjûjK}$2Cpop2.Cp(p,o)oûKûp:rj,jK3)PoO,eD(o),pQ(o)P,vHN,ûHû,Gp:$PO+2s.t.Gp(e,p,o)={roiûiH}+2Gpop2.Gp(e,p,o)oep:roi,iH.4)PoO,rC(o),pQ(o)P,vMN,ûMû,Lp:+PO$2s.t.Lp(r,p,o)={eojûjM}+2Lpop2.Lp(r,p,o)opr:eoj,jM.5)PoO,pQ(o)PVpp2Vp={Vijûopeirj}6)PoO,pQ(o)PûVpû=nN,Vp={V1,V2,,Vn}7pp,7pVp,7p={71,72,,7n},:Pi[1,n],7iVi.,PoO,eiD(o),rjC(o)s.t.pQ(o){Dp(p,o)}=D(o)pQ(o){Cp(p,o)}=C(o)pQ(o){Gp(e,p,o)}=G(e,o)pQ(o){Cp(r,p,o)}=L(r,o)pQ(o),eiD(o){Vij}=L(rj,o)pQ(o),rjC(o){Vij}=G(ei,o),,:9pPR=H0,H2,,Ht173:H0pHtptNp,:(ep),epp;epGp7p,Cp(p,o),PrCp(p,o),epfLp(r,p,o),Dp(p,o)Vp,H=Dp,Cp,Gp,Lp,xp,7poC,7p,Vp,Ht,;7p,Vp,epCVpt,,;,.oL,Vpt.3,.,,ODSS,.,.,ODSSODSS.1BuchananDA,HuczynskAA.OrganizationalBehavior.NewYork:PrenticeHallInternational,1987,2422562HA..:,1988,72783SimonHA,MarchJG.Organization.N.Y.:JohnWiley&Sons,19584HackathornRD,KeenPGW.OrganizationalStrategiesforPersonalComputinginDecisionSupportSystems.MISQuarterly,1981,5(3):3403475SchermerhornJR,HontJG,OsbornRN.ManagingOrganizationalBehavior.N.Y.:JohnWiley&Sons,1985,1611666MintzbergH.Thestructureofunstructureddecisionprocesses.AdministrativeScienceQuarterly,1976,21:2462757TurbanE.DecisionSupport&ExpertSystems:ManagementSupportSystems.NewYork:MacmillanPublishingCompany,1993,25608HellerFA,DrenthPJ,KoopmanPL,etal.DecisionsinOrganizations:Athree2countrycomparativestudy.London:Sage,1988,167188271997TheProcessandModelofOrganizationalDecisionMakingChenZhi,ZhuMingfu,FeiQiInstitueofSystemsEngineering,HuazhongUniversityofScienceandTechnologyAbstract:ThestudyanddevelopmentofODSSshouldbebasedontheunderstandingoforganizationsandoftheprocessoforganizationaldecisionmaking.So,thestudyonmodelsoforganizationsandorganizationaldecisionmakingprocessbuildthebaseoftheframe2workforthestudyofODSS.Basedonthestudyoftherelateddisciplines,thispaperfirstbuildsaprocessmodeloforganizationaldecisionmaking,andthentrytogiveasetoffor2maldefinitionsofthebasicstructuralelementsofthemodel,whichcouldnotonlygiveustheoreticaltoolstoanalyzetheproblemdecompositionandproblemallocationbutalsobuildthebasefortherequirementanalysisforthesupportoforganizationaldecisionmak2ing.Keywords:organization,organizationaldecisionmaking,organizationaldecisionsupportsystems(ODSS),decisionsupportsystems(DSS)373: