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1序数词和基数词一、英语上的数词分为两大类:基数词和序数词。二、基数词(cardinalnumber)1.定义:描述事物数量的多少,表示数目的数词称为基数词。基数词主要表示事物或人物的个数。2.基数词记忆口诀基数词很容易,0至12词各异,单独记。13至19,以teen结尾不要丢;20至90,整十后面有个ty;几十几,也容易:先说几十,再说几,中间短杠“-”加上去。hundred是一百,百内数字记心怀。几百几,挺容易:先说几百,再说几,中间and加上去。thousand是一千,千内数字心间记。3、基数词形式(1).从1——10one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten.(2).从11——19eleven,twelve,thirteen,fourteen,fifteen,sixteen,seventeen,eighteen,nineteen.这里除eleven,twelve,thirteen,fifteen,eighteen为特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其个位数形式后添加后缀-teen构成。(3).从20——99整数几十中除twenty,thirty,forty,fifty,eighty为特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其个位数形式后添加后缀-ty构成。表示几十几时,在几十和个位基数词形式之间添加连字符“-”21twenty-one76seventy-six(4).百位数个数基数词形式加“hundred”,表示几百,在几十几与百位间加上and.例子:101ahundredandone320threehundredandtwenty648sixhundredandforty-eight(5).千位数以上从数字的右端向左端数起,每三位数加一个逗号“,”。从右开始,第一个“,”前的数字后添加thousand,第二个“,”前面的数字后添加million,第三个“,”前的数字后添加billion。然后一节一节分别表示,两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。22,648---twothousandsixhundredandforty-eight16,250,064----sixteenmilliontwohundredandfiftythousandandsixty-four5,237,166,234----fivebillion,twohundredandthirty-sevenmillion,onehundredandsixty-sixthousand,twohundredandthirty-four(6).基数词在表示确切的数字时,不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式;但是,当基数词表示不确切数字,如成百、成千上万,三三两两时,基数词则以复数形式出现。Therearehundredsofpeopleinthehall.大厅里有数以百计的人。ThousandsandthousandsofpeoplecometovisittheMuseumofQinTerra-CottaWarriorsandHorseseveryday.每天有成千上万的人来参观秦兵马俑博物馆。三、序数词(OrdinalNumbers)1、定义:序数词是指表示顺序的数词,一般由与之相应的基数词加th构成(但有特殊形式需特别记忆)汉语中表示为“第几”。序数词主要用作定语,前面一般要加定冠词the(或物主代词)。如:Theirsecondsonisadoctor.他们的二儿子是个博士。Ilikethefirstmovie.我喜欢第一部电影。此外,在描述日期时,也会用到序数词。比如:May-first(5月1日)2、序数词记忆口诀基变序,有规律,词尾加上-th。一,二,三,特殊记,词尾字母t,d,d。八去t,九除e,ve要用f替,ty将y变成i,th前面有个e。若是碰到几十几,前用基来后用序。3、序数词形式3四、基数词和序数词的关系图五、专项练习41.基数词。1)写数字1-12______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2)写数字13-19_______________________________________________________________________________3)写整十。20__________________30___________________40___________________50___________________60___________________70___________________80___________________90___________________100___________________4)写出下列数字。21___________________32___________________43___________________54___________________65___________________76___________________87___________________98___________________101__________________210___________________________375__________________________________二.序数词。1.基数词变序数词的规律为:1).一,二,三,特别记,词尾字母tdd,然后再加th,(1st___________,2nd___________,3rd___________4th_____________2).八去t,九去e,f要把ve替,然后再加th,(8th____________,9th______________)3)整十变化需注意,把y要变成ie,然后再加th(5th___________,12th____________,20th_____________,30th______________90th__________________)4).若是遇到几十几,只变个位就可以(21st______________________32nd___________________43rd_______________________54th___________________)2.写出下列序数词。1st________________2nd________________3rd_______________4th__________________5th________________6th___________________7th__________________8th____________9th_________________10th__________________11th______________12th_______________13th_______________14th_________________15th_____________16th________________17th___________________18th___________________19th___________________3.写出下列序数词。20th___________________30th__________________40th___________________50th___________________60th___________________70th___________________80th___________________90th___________________100th___________________4.写出系列序数词。21st_____________________________22nd____________________________23rd_____________________________31st_____________________________32nd____________________________33rd____________________________543rd_____________________________54th____________________________65th_____________________________76th____________________________87th_____________________________98th____________________________三.选择题。()1.Therearesome_____inourclassroom.A.hundredofbooksB.thehundredsofbooksC.hundredsofbooks()2.Thereare____studentsinourschool.A.four—hundredandforty—fiveB.fourhundredsandforty—fiveC.fourhundredandfortyfive()3.Wehave_____weeksinaterm.A.twentyB.thetwentiethC.thetwenty()4.Mayis____monthofayear.A.fifthB.thefifthC.five()5.Weliveon______.A.thetwenty-threeB.twenty-thirdC.thetwenty-third()6.IsMondaythe____dayoftheweek?A.aB.oneC.first()7.Marchthe_____isWomen’sDay.A.eighthB.ninthC.eight()8.Septemberisthe_____monthoftheyear.A.ninethB.ninthC.nine()9.Decemberthe____isChristmas.A.twenty-fiveB.twenty-fifthC.twentieth-five()10.TodaywearegoingtolearnLesson_________.A.thefifteenthB.FifteenC.Fifteenth
本文标题:序数词和基数词
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