Grammar定语从句new

Dailytalk1.WhatdidTomSawyerdoonSaturdaymorning?Hepaintedthefence.4.A:IthinkTomSawyerisclever.B:_________________.Ithinkso,too2.Didhepaintallthefenceshimself?No,hedidn’t.3.定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的句子叫定语从句。从句的位置：在名词或代词后先行词：被定语从句修饰的词引导词：引导定语从句的词关系代词who,that,which关系副词where,when,whythehandsomethetallthestrongthecleverthenaughtyboyTheboyisTom.TheboywhoishandsomeisTom.TheboywhoistallisTom.TheboywhoisstrongisTom.TheboywhoiscleverisTom.TheboywhoisnaughtyisTom.that指人/物，作主语或宾语(作宾语可省略）Aplaneisamachine.Itcanfly.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.Heistheman.Itoldyouabouthim.Heistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.TheboyisTom.Theboyissmiling.TheboyisTom.Theboyhasaroundface.TheboywhoissmilingisTom.(主语)TheboywhohasaroundfaceisTom.Hestartedtoeattheapple.Benhadgivenhim.HestartedtoeattheapplethatBenhadgivenhim.Thewomangotthejob.ThewomancanspeakRussian.ThewomanwhocanspeakRussiangotthejob.Theteacherwillgiveusatalk.Theteacherisfamous.Theteacherwhoisfamouswillgiveusatalk.Ex:Heistheteacher.TheteachercanspeakFrench.HeistheteacherwhocanspeakFrench.Doyouknowtheman?Hecametovisityoutoday.Doyouknowthemanwhocametovisityoutoday?appletheredthegreenthesmallthebigTheapplewhichisredismine.Theapplewhichisgreenisyours.TheapplewhichisredissmallTheapplewhichisgreenisbig.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoat.Thegoatiseatingherflowers.Mrs.Clarkisangrywiththegoatwhichiseatingherflowers.Canyoulendmethebook?Youtalkedaboutitjustnow.Canyoulendmethebook(which)youtalkedaboutjustnow.Writedownthewordsthateachrelativeclausedescribes.Thefirstonehasbeendoneforyou.ASoontheboyswhowerefreewouldcomealong.BenRogerswasthefirstboythatcamealongtheroad.Tomthoughtofthegameswhichhehadplannedforthisday.HestartedtoeattheapplethatBenhadgivenhim.1_______________2_______________3_______________4_______________关系词的用法先行词是人who/that主语/宾语先行词是物which/that主语/宾语1.Thisistheauntwho/thatlooksafterTom.2.Thisisthekitewhich/thatBillyFishergavetoTom.关系代词Herearesomemorepicturesfromthestory.Explainwhatthepicturesshowusbyaddingwho,thatorwhich.BThisistheboy______gaveTomakite.Thisisthekite______BillyFishergavetoTom.Thisistheboy______offeredTomsomemarbles.Thesearethemarbles_________JohnnyMillergavetoTom.Thisistheaunt______looksafterTom.Thisisthefence______Tomandhisfriendspainted.that和which在指物的情况下一般都可以互换,但在下列情况下,一般用that而不用which。Iamsureshehassomething(that)youcanborrow.I’vereadallthebooksthatarenotmine.Thisisthefirstbook(that)hehasread.Thisistheverybookthatbelongstohim.(1)先行词为all,everything,nothing,something,anything,little,much等不定代词时。(2)先行词被all,every,no,some,any,little,much等修饰时。(3)先行词被序数词或最高级修饰时。(4)先行词被theonly,thevery,thesame,thelast修饰时。.2.Mostofthenewsstories__________Ireadatthewebsiteswerenottrue.3.Ourworldisfullofpeople__________havedonealotfortheprotectionofwildlife.(which/that)who6.Aman______________Ididn’tknowstoppedmeinthestreetandaskedfortendollars.7.Thefirstthing__________youneedtolearntodoistolearntoaskquestions.9.Itisusualforpeopletogettogetherwiththose__________sharewiththeirhobbies..(who/whom/that)thatwho11.Thetravelagencyisalwaystryingtohavenewplaces__________canattracttourists.12.Jokes__________usuallymakeAmericanslaughwillnotmakeusChineselaugh.13.Themathsproblem__________Crookraisedinclasssetmethinkingfordays,butIstillcouldn’tworkitout.14.Theprogramtellsaboutthefoods__________peopleeatduringtheChristmasseasons.which/thatwhich/that(which/that)(which/that)1Workbook9B,pages40to43.RelativeClausesIknowthelady.Iknowthebeautifullady.Iknowtheladyoverthere.Iknowtheladywhospoketoyoujustnow.RelativeClauses定语从句是一种用句子作定语修饰名词的主从复合句，通常直接跟在被修饰的名词之后。被修饰的名词称为先行词。定语从句一般由关系代词引导。关系代词连接从句和先行词，本身也在定语从句中充当某个成分。先行词关系代词（作主语）1.关系代词who(m)•who引导定语从句修饰表示人的名词，who在定语从句中做主语或宾语，做宾语时who可以省略。•Theladywhowillgiveusatalktomorrowisaprofessor.•TomorrowI’llgotoseethemanwhogaveusalotofhelpduringthetrip.•Theman(who)thedoctorexaminedyesterdaymorningisawell-knownactorinourcity.•关系代词whom在定语从句中做宾语，可省略。•Doyouknowtheman(whom)wemetatthehotelgate?•Theteacher(whom)youwanttoseehasgonehome.2.关系代词which•which引导定语从句修饰表示物的名词，which在定语从句中可以做主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。•Theshopwhichsellsallkindsofsportsshoeshascloseddown.•Thefilmwhichtellsaboutsnakesisinteresting.•Thebook(which)hewrotein1935stillsellswell.•Theproblem(which)wearetryingtoworkoutisdifficult.3.关系代词that•that作关系代词可以修饰表示人或物的名词，that在定语从句中作主语或宾语，作宾语时可以省略。•Thegirlthatissittingunderthetreeisagoodrunner.•Thepicturethathangsonthewallwaspaintedbyhim.•Thecartoons(that)theyhavemadearealwayswelcomedbychildren.•Thewatch(that)sheboughtformekeepsgoodtime.4.必须用that作关系代词的情况•1）先行词含形容词最高级•Thisisthebestfilm(that)Ihaveeverseen.•2)先行词含有表示序列意义的形容词•Thefirstplace(that)IvisitedinBeijingwastheGreatWall.•3)先行词含有only•Thatwastheonlysciencefictionfilm(that)Iwasinterestedin.Identifyingrelativeclauses限制性定语从句•Couldyoupassmethegreenfile,please?•Theboxontherighthasgotbiscuitsin.•Isthatthewomanwhowantstobuyyourcar?起限制和确定作用，不能去掉，否则表达不清楚Non-identifyingrelativeclauses非限制性定语从句•I’veputthelettersinthisgreenfile.•YouseetheoldRolls–Royce,overthereontheright?•I’vejustmetthatMrs.Smith-Perkins,whowantstobuyyourcar.起补充说明，描绘作用，书写时有逗号可以去掉，不影响主句意义关系代词不能用that，作宾语的关系代词也不能省略N