初中英语中考语法知识点及习题[带答案解析]-代词

WORD格式整理版学习参考好帮手代词①人称代词:主格:单数I、you、he、she、it复数we、you、they宾格:单数me、you、him、her、it复数us、you、them⑵物主代词:形容词性my、your、his、her、its、our、your、their名词性mine、yours、his、hers、its、ours、yours、theirs③反身代词:myself、yourself、himself、herself、itself、ourselves、yourselves、themselves1.形容词性物主代词在句中只能作定语，相当于一个形容词，名词性物主代词在句中可作表语、主语和宾语，相当于一个名词。2.注意名词性物主代词在句中所指代的关系,是单数还是复数。如：⑴Thesebooksaren'tours.Oursarenew.(这里ours=ourbooks)⑵Thisisnotourroom.Oursisoverthere.(这里ours=ourroom)3.of+名词性物主代词表示所属如：asisterofhis他的一个妹妹afriendofmine我的一个朋友4.人称代词在并列使用时的顺序为：“第二人称，第三人称，第一人称”。如：You,sheandIallenjoythemusic.5.关于反身代词，同学们须掌握其固定结构：enjoyoneself=haveagoodtime(过得很愉快)byoneself=alone(单独、独自)helponeselfto…(随便吃/喝些...)learnsth.byoneself=teachoneselfsth.(自学)练习题1.-Whosetrousersarethese?-_____,Ithink.A.TheyB.TheirC.TheirsD.Them2.Nobodytaught___English.Hetaught____.A.him,himselfB.his,himselfC.him,byhimselfD.his,his（二）修饰可数名词manyfew表否定意义afew表肯定意义修饰不数名词muchlittle表否定意义alittle表肯定意义few和little与quite或only连用时，常加不定冠词a.如:Therearequiteafewnewbooksinthelibrary.=用little,alittle,few,afew填空:1.IoftenstayathomebecauseIhave______friendshere.2.Jim,don'tgoandgetsomewater.Thereis______waterintheglass.3.ThoughhelearnedFrenchonly________weeks.Hecanspeakverywell.4.Lilyhad_________breadbecauseshewashungryyesterday.（三）不定代词:something,anything,nothing.当形容词修饰这三个不定代词时，常后置。如：somethingnewThere's__________intoday'snewspaper.中考题A.importantanythingB.importantsomethingC.anythingimportantD.somethingimportant(四)另外，还要注意代词some,every,all,both,either,another1.some（一些，某）一般用于肯定句中注：some有时也可用于表示请求的疑问句中。any（任何）多用于疑问句和否定句①Willyougivemesomewater?②Wouldyoulikesomemeat?③MayIasksomequestions?④CouldIhavesomeapples?2.every＋单数名词“每一个”强调共性，作定语,形式上为单数。each“每一个”强调个性，作定语、主语、宾语和同位语，常与of连用。如:Eachstudentwasaskedtotryagain.Eachofthemhasaniceskirt.Everychildlikesplayinggames.3.all“(全部)都”表示三者或三者以上，作同位语时，一般放在连系、助动词之后，行为动词之前。none“没有”表示三者或三者以上都不，后常跟介词of如：WeareallfromCanada.=AllofusarefromCanada.Noneofusis/areafraidofdogs.（单、复数均可）4.both“（两者）都”,作主语时，看作复数；作定语时，后跟名词复数。either“两者中任何一个”,作主语时，谓语用第三人称单数;作定语时，后跟名词单数。neither“(两者)都不”,含有否定意义，用法同either。WORD格式整理版学习参考好帮手如：①Theybothswimwell.＝Bothofthemswimwell.②Therearetreesonbothsidesofthestreet.=Therearetreesoneithersideofthestreet.③NeitherofusisgoingtoBeijingnextweek.④Neitheranswerisright.5.another+单数名词,“另一个”one…theother“一个……，另一个……”theother+复数名词=theothers“其他的人或物”（指确定范围内剩下的全部）others“别人”(五)疑问代词5个“wh”,即who,whose,whom,what,which这里，which是同学们不易掌握的内容，其实，同学们只须记住，对作定语的内容提问，常用which.例如:Iliketheredshirt._____________doyoulike?练习:一、根据所给单词的适当形式填空6．Canyoucomewith?(we)7．Theseskirtsare.Yoursareoverthere.(she)8．Pleasetakecareof,boysandgirls.(you)9．Idon'tthinkthisismyfrisby,thoughitlookslike.(I)10．Lookatbooks.Aretheyyours?(that)11．Isthereainterestinginthenewspaper?12．Sheaskedustohelpeother.13．Theoldmancannreadnorwrite.14．Nisdifficultifyouputyourheartintoit.15．Pleasehelpytosomefish,Lucy.16、A:Thechildrenplayedhappilyinthezooyesterday.B:Thechildreninthezooyesterday.17、A:Hedoesn'tlikemutton,andshedoesn't,either.B:heshelikesmutton.18、A:AlltheAmericanpeopledon'tlikesandwiches.B:theAmericanpeoplelikesandwiches.19、A:Theydon'toftenhearthetwinssingthesongintheschool.B:ofthetwinsoftenheardsingthesongintheschool.[ZK)]20、-CanyouspeakChinese,Peter?-Yes,butonly.A.littleB.fewC.alittleD.afew21、-DoyoulikeJane'snewskirt?-Yes,verymuch.I'llaskmumtobuyforme.A.oneB.itC.theotherD.a22Thecolorofherskirtisdifferentfromofmine.A.oneB.thatC.itD.this23、Studentsareusuallyinterestedinsports.Somelikerunning,somelikeswimming.likeballgames.A.theothersB.othersC.theotherD.other24、-I'llgivetheboystoeat.-Oh,Iknow,fishandchips.A.somethingEnglishB.EnglishsomethingC.anythingEnglishD.Englishanything(D)25、-ShallIhelpyouwiththeheavybox?-No,thanks,Icandoit.A.meB.myC.mineD.myself26、-Whattimeshallwemeetthisafternoon,3:00or4:00?-Idon'tmind.timeisOK.A.NeitherB.EachC.AnyD.Either27、-Mybagisfull,whatabout?-isfull,too.A.you,YoursB.his,HeC.yours,MineD.hers,She28、-I'vehadenoughbread,Wouldyoulike?-No,thanks.AafewmoreB.onemoreC.anothermoreD.somemore29、Therearemanytreesonsidesoftheriver.A.bothB.eitherC.neitherD.each1、Hehastwobikes,oneisnew,isold.A.theotherB.otherC.theothersD.others2、Withoutthesun,couldgrowintheworld.A.anythingB.somethingC.nothingD.everything3、ofthemisgoingtoplaybasketballwithWORD格式整理版学习参考好帮手youthisafternoon.A.AllB.NeitherC.SomeD.Both4、-Canyoutellmewhatapandalookslike?-Look!Thisisapictureof.A.itB.oneC.twoD.some5、Therearenotmanypearshere,butyoucantakeifyouwantto.A.fewB.afewC.alittleD.little课后练习单项填空:人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词和疑问代词1.____isshe?She'sanurse.A.WhoB.WhereC.WhichD.What2.____isTomlike?Oh,he'sshort.A.WhichB.WhoC.WhatD.Whom3.____capisthat?A.Who'sB.WhoC.WhoseD.Where4.____isnousetellinghimaboutthat.A.ThisB.ThatC.TheseD.It5.Thethreemen,Bob,Joeand____metatthestation.A.IB.meC.herD.you6.____havebeentoParis.A.I,youandheB.He,youandIC.You,heandID.You,heandme7.Mybrotherissoyoungthathecan'ttakecareof____.A.himB.herselfC.himselfD.his8.Theyoungteacherteaches____politics.A.usB.ourC.oursD.ourself9.Ourworkisnotsogoodas____.A.himB.heC.hisD.he's10.HasJackgotthemoney?Yes,Igave____yesterda