高一英语必修四第五单元-Grammar

Compoundwordsaremadefromtwowords:twoseparatewords(rollercoaster)oneword(craftsmen)orwordsjoinedbyahyphen(old-fashioned).Findthecompoundnounsinthereadingpassage.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________rollercoaster,whichever,whatever,free-fall,wherever,southeastern,indoor,outdoor,craftsmen,old-fashioned,steam-engine,world-famous,horseback1.合成名词(1)n.+n.airconditioner空调bloodpressure血压incometax所得税creditcard信用卡(2)adj.+n.centralbank中央银行fastfood快餐Compound合成solarsystem太阳系remotecontrol遥控(3)v-ing+另一词washingmachine洗衣机drivinglicense驾驶执照(4)其他方式by-product副产品editor-in-chief主编2.合成形容词(1)过去分词或带ed词尾的词构成。absent-minded心不在焉的grey-haired头发灰白的(2)动词的ing或另一词构成long-suffering长期受苦的far-reaching深远的(影响)3.合成动词及合成副词water-ski滑冰overeat吃得太多baby-sit看孩子empty-handed一无所获的Newwordscanalsobeformedbyusingprefixesandsuffixes.Trytofindandunderlinetheprefixesorsuffixesinthewordsbelow.Thenwriteouttheoriginalwords.unchangeableadj._______dislikev.__________impossibilityn._________unfriendlyadj.__________overworkv.______________misunderstandingn.____________athleticadj.______________misreadv.________translatorn._____________changelikepossiblefriendworkunderstandathletereadtranslateDerivation:派生1)前缀(prefix):(1)dis-:disagree,dislike,disappear(2)in-(il-,im-,ir-):incorrect,impossible,irregular,(3)un-:unhappy,unable,unfit,addletterstothebeginningortheendofaword.(4)non-:nonstop,nonverbal(非语言的)(5)re-:rewrite,review2)后缀(suffix):(1)构成名词：-er,-ese,-ist,-ian,-ment,-tion,-ness,-th.buyer,Chinese,socialist,musicianagreement,collection,illness,truth(2)构成形容词:-al,-an,-ful,-ing,-y,-lessnational,American,careful,exciting,cloudy,useless(3)构成动词:-fy,-is(z)e:beautify,realize(4)构成副词:-ly:badly(5)构成数词:-teen,-ty,-ththirteen,sixty,twelfthFillinthetablewiththedifferentformsofthewords.NounverbAdjectiveAdverbamusementamuseamusingamusinglyadmitimaginesettleequipattractadmissionadmissibleadmissiblyimaginationimaginativeimaginativelysettlementsettledequipmentequippedattractionattractiveattractivelyConversion:转化(1)v.—n.:(2)n.—v.:(3)adj.—v.:(4)adv.—v.:changethepartofspeechofaword.charge(v.)—charge(n.)hand(n.)—hand(v.)clean(adj.)—clean(v.)down(adv.)—down(v.)I.根据词形和词性，猜测下列合成词的意思。1.crosswalkn.________2.forget-me-notn.________3.Y-shapedadj.________4.mother-to-ben.________Practice人行横道勿忘我Y形的准妈妈II.用划线词的名词形式改写句子。1.Shemicrowavedherlunch.→__________________________________2.Mygrandmotherbottledthejuiceandcannedthepickles(泡菜).→____________________________________________________________________Sheheatedherlunchinthemicrowave.Mygrandmotherputthejuiceinabottleandthepicklesinacan.III.用斜体部分的名词形式填空。1.Idecidedthis.Itwasmy_______.2.Weallwanttobehappy.Weseek__________.3.Weallagree.We’reallin____________.4.Whodiscoveredthis?Whomadethis__________?5.We’llallarrive.We’llbemeton_______.decisionhappinessagreementdiscoveryarrival6.Canyouexplainit?Istherea(n)__________?7.Don’tbesocurious.Controlyour_______.8.Iwarnedyou.Igaveyouenough_______.explanationcuriositywarningIV.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。1.Workingwithsmallchildrenisavery_______(stress)job.2.Itwasvery_______(polite)ofyoutocallhimaliar.3.Ididn’tintendtohurtyou.Ididit___________(accident).4.Mynewshoesareverynice,butunfortunatelytheyareextremely____________(comfortable).stressfulimpoliteaccidentallyuncomfortable5.Be_______(care).Theweatherisawfultoday.6.Whenthefirst_______(settle)movedintothearea,theyfacedgreathardships.7.Themanwastall,witha(n)_______(athlete)build.8.Speakingthrougha(n)_________(translate),shedescribedherlifeinGuatemala.carefulsettlersathletictranslatorV.给下列单词加上前缀dis-,un-,in-或im-,构成意思相反的词。1.agree_______2.complete_________3.healthy________4.important________5.able_______6.cover_________7.known_______8.practical_________9.tidy_______10.perfect_________11.visible_______12.fit_________disagreeincompleteunhealthyunimportantunablediscover/uncoverunknownimpracticaluntidyimperfectinvisibleunfit1.Doyouthinkshoppingonlinewill_____taketheplaceofshoppinginstores?A.especiallyB.frequentlyC.merelyD.finallyD2.Thedoctorisskilledattreatinghearttroubleandneveracceptsanygiftfromhispatients,sohehasaverygood_____.A.expectationB.reputationC.contributionD.civilizationB3.Ittookusquitealongtimetogettotheamusementpark.Itwas_____journey.A.threehourB.athree-hoursC.athree-hourD.threehoursCFinishExercises1-3onPage71.