2019高考英语阅读理解技巧(事实细节题)(共59张PPT)

英语阅读理解技巧(事实细节题)StrategiesforQuestionsofDetailsinReadingComprehensionInstructionalobjectives:1.KnowabouttherequirementsofreadingcomprehensionintheNEMT2.Learndifferentquestiontypes.3.Learnthestrategies(策略)ofdetailsinreadingcomprehensionandthussummarizethem.4.Telltherightanswersfromdistracters(干扰项)EmotionalGoals:EnforceyoursolutionabilitybypracticingmoreRequirementsofreadingcomprehensionintheNEMT高考大纲之阅读考察考生阅读理解不同文体语篇的能力，如书、报、杂志、网络中关于一般性话题的文字材料以及公告、说明、广告等（生词量不超过3％），并能从中获取相关信息。考生应能：１、理解主旨和要义；２、获取具体信息；３、根据语境猜测词义；４、根据语境推理判断；５、理解作者的意图、观点或态度；６、把握文章的逻辑和结构。细节题类型1wh细节题2是非题3排序题4图表题5计算题6其它题Questiontypes：Questiontype1:Wh-细节题即以_____、_____、____、______、______、_____、_____等疑问词开头提问短文具体内容。whatwhowhenwherehowwhy1.概念whichStepⅠ2Wh细节题常见的考题形式有：–How/When/Whydidsomethinghappen?–Whichofthefollowingshouldpeopledoit?–Whereshouldsomebodydosomething?--Accordingtothetext/Fromthetext,why/when/where/how/what/who...?...1）先读题。找准问题中的关键词，利用信息定位，运用略读和查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找相关出处。2）对比所找信息中所找词汇，进行变通，即有可能用成近义词，反义词，正话反说等。3解题方法和步骤：1)Notlongago,mywife,PJ,andItriedanewdiet—nottolosealittleweightbuttoansweranannoyingquestionaboutclimatechange.Q:Whydidtheauthorandhiswifetryanewdiet?A.TotakespecialkindsoffoodB.Torespondtoclimatechange.C.ToloseweightD.Toimprovetheirhealth近义词because,dueto...todo4Practice就近原则：不推比推的好，推得近的比推得远的好2)(2013湖北E篇)Surprisingly,comparedwiththoseinpoorhealthorwhohadlowincomes,respondentswhoenjoyedgoodhealthorincomewereassociatedwithexpectingagreaterdecline.Also,theresearcherssaidthathigherincomewasrelatedtoagreaterriskofdisability.•Q:Howdopeopleofhigherincomeseetheirfuture?•A.Theywillearnlessmoney.•B.Theywillbecomepessimistic.•C.Theywillsuffermentalillness.•D.Theywillhavelesstimetoenjoylife.词性变化high/lowincome就近原则：不推比推的好，推得近的比推得远的好3)(2012全国Ⅰ卷C篇)LastnightIwasdrivingfromHarrisburgtoLewisburg，distanceofabouteightymiles.Itwaslate.SeveraltimesIgotstuckbehindaslow-movingtruckonanarrowroadwithasolidwhitelineonmyleft,andIbecameincreasinglyimpatient.Q:Whydidtheauthorgetimpatientwhiledriving?A.Hewaslonelyontheroad.B.Hewassloweddownbyatruck.C.Hegottiredofdrivingtoolong.D.Hecameacrosstoomanytrafficlights.语言简化/归纳总结patient,patience.1）先读题。找准问题中的关键词，利用信息定位，运用略读和查读的技巧快速在文章中寻找相关住处。2）对比所找信息中所找词汇，进行变通，即有可能用成近义词，反义词，正话反说等。4请运用刚才的技巧分组练习正确选项的特点与概括:(事实细节题的考点)_____________把原文中的一些词换成近义词,反义词等。____________________把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。____________________把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，长话短说，成为正确答案。替换关键词词性或者语态的变化语言简化/总结归纳1)、（2017辽宁A篇）YetsincemyarrivalinBeijinglastyear,I’vefoundtheoppositeistrue.Therearemillionsofcars.However,peoplestillusetheirbicyclestogetaround.Formany,it’stheeasiestandcheapestwaytotraveltoday.Bicyclesalsocomeindifferentcolors---silver,green,red,blue,yellow,whateveryouwant.•Q:Accordingtotheauthor,whyarebicyclesstillpopularinChinatoday?•A.Becausetheyaretraditionalandsafe.•B.Becausetheyareconvenientandinexpensive.•C.Becausetheyarecolorfulandavailable.•D.Becausetheyarefastandenvironmentfriendly.近义词•2)(重庆2017年高考C篇)Theoldestknowntransportwheelwasdiscoveredin2002inSlovenia.Itisover5,100yearsold.Evidencesuggeststhatwheelsfortransportdidn’tbecomepopularforawhile,though.Thiscouldbebecauseanimalsdidaperfectlygoodjobofcarryingfarmingtoolsandhumansaround.•64.Whatmightexplainwhytransportwheelsdidn’tbecomepopularforsometime?•A.Fewknewhowtousetransportwheels.•B.Humanscarriedfarmingtoolsjustaswell.•C.Animalswereagoodmeansoftransport.•D.Theexistenceoftransportwheelswasnotknown.语言简化/归纳总结3）(2018山东A篇)Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars.Inaddition,theyusedmillionsmoredollarsforpersonalexpenses.Soonpeoplerealizedthattheyhadaterribleproblem—theirphosphate磷酸盐wasrunningout.Ninetypercentoftheirislandwasdestroyedandtheyhadnothing.By2000,Nauruwasfinanciallyruined.Expertssaythatitwouldtakeapproximately$433,600,000andmorethan20yearstorepairtheisland.Thiswillprobablyneverhappen.•59.WhichofthefollowingwasacauseofNauru’sfinancialproblem?A.Itsleadersmisusedthemoney•B.Itspenttoomuchrepairingtheisland•C.Itsphosphate(磷酸盐)miningcostmuchmoney•D.Itlostmillionsofdollarsinthecivilwar.语言简化economy,money,cost,expensesQ:WhatkindofpersonwouldprobablyapplytoPalmlaceLimited?A.OnewithGCSEgradeClevel.B.Onewithsomeofficeexperience.C.Onehavinggoodcomputerknowledge.D.Onetrainedinproducingmusicprogramme.无中生有无中生有正误并存1常见的设问方式：三对一错或三错一对1）Whichofthefollowingistrue/false/mentioned?2)Allofthefollowingstatementsmaybetrue/falseexcept______.3)Whichofthefollowingisnottheresultof...?4)Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthetext?StepⅢ是非题______________。即把选项内容和原文内容进行对比分析，判断是否符合相关句的意义或在原文中提到过，然后进行排队解答。项。2解题方法：原文定位法Enlisted（征募）inthearmyin1997,Liuwasanexperiencedpilotwith1,680hoursofflyingexperienceandthedeputyheadofaflightunitofthePLA’sAirForcebeforebeingenlistedintoChina’ssecondgroupofprospectiveastronautsinMay2010.Sheisnowanairforcemajor.3PracticeQ:WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutLiuYangfromthepassage?A.LiuoncewasheadofaflightunitofthePLA’sAirForce.B.Liuhasbecomeanairforcemajorin1997.C.ShewasenlistedintoChina’ssecondgroupofprospectiveastronautsin2010.D.AfterthreeyearsoftrainingLiuwasselectedasacand