【上海高考概要写作】summary-writing4(10篇-有解析)

Exercise1Collegepaysofffinancially.Awiderangeofstatisticsshowstheeconomicadvantageofafour-yearcollegeeducation.Overalifetime,studentswhograduatefromcollegecanexpecttomakeabout60%morethanthosewhodonot,welloveramilliondollarsmorethantheywouldotherwise.Butwhataboutthebenefitsofcollegethataremoredifficulttomeasure?Theyareequallysignificantandadduptoalotofvalueoverthecourseofalifetime：Collegetakesstudentstoplacesthey’veneverbeentobefore.Collegeisapassporttodifferentplaces,differenttimes,anddifferentwaysofthinking—fromlearningnewlanguagestoconsideringthedevelopmentofhumanhistorytodivingdeepintothebuildingblocksofmatter.Itgivesstudentsachancetounderstandthemselvesdifferently,seeinghowtheirlivesarebothlikeandunlikethosewhopopulatedothereras(时代)）andotherlands.Collegeintroducesstudentstopeoplethey'venevermetbefore.Oneofthemostimportantwaysinwhichstudentslearn,atcollegesanduniversitieseverywhere,isbyinteractingwithpeoplewhoaredifferentfromthemselvesbothinsideandoutsidetheclassroom.Studentslearnmoreataplacefullofengagingpeoplewithawiderangeofviewpoints.Inthesewaysandinsomanyothers,collegehelpsstudentsseethemselvesdifferently,givingthemtheroomandthelicensetoimaginenewpossibilities.Yes,itopensopportunitiesreflectedinearningandemploymentstatistics.But,perhapsevenmorevaluable,itopensmindsandworldsinwaysthatarebeyondmeasurement.Thevalueofhighereducationissymbolizedbypeoplewhodreambiggerandachievemore,whocreatetheirownfuturesandshapetheirownfutures.参考答案：Accordingtostatistics，collegemakesagreatdifferencetostudents’earningpower,(要1)whileitalsocontributestoothervaluableaspectsbeyondassessmentinlife.(要点2)Firstly,collegemotivatesstudents’self-realizationthroughvariouslearningactivities.(要点3)Secondly,itshapesstudents’diverseperspectivesbyencouragingthemtocommunicatewithdifferentpeople.(要点4)Inshort,notonlydoescollegeprovidefinancialopportunities，butitopensupnewpossibilities.(要点5)分析过程：试题详解：1，核心内容——本文是一篇议论文，全文共分四段。第一段主要讲高等教育经济回报丰厚，还具有一些益处，虽然它们难以衡量但却让人终生受益。第二至三段，进一步从两个方面说明这些益处。它们分别是：大学带领学生领略不一样的风景；大学让学生结交素不相识的人。第四段总结：大学不仅为学生创造就业机遇，而且用无法衡量的方式为其敞开了多个世界的大门。2，写作思路理清文章脉络，概括段落大意。该文第一段的主题句是“Butwhataboutthebenefitsofcollegethataremoredifficulttomeasure?”。第二至三段为无法衡量但却令人受益终生的益处的两个具体方面。各段的主题句均为每段第一句。第四段主题句为该段第二和第三句，并用but起承转合，从两个角度来说明大学显性和隐性的益处。确定表达要点，灵活准确表达。本文的摘要要把全文第一句作为一个要点，因为它是全文的逻辑起点。在确定表达要点后要思考如何准确灵活表达，这是难点。灵活表达的重要技巧是对原来的语言进行同义替换(paraphrase),同时要对相关内容进行整合。第一段要包括两个要点，要点1是全文的逻辑起点，要点2是该段的主题句。根据but可知“whataboutthebenefitsofcollegethataremoredifficulttomeasure”一句的言下之意为全文的论述关键，是大学的隐性益处，它们虽然无法衡量但却令人受益终生。为了避免重复，我们可以把“益处（benefits)”表达为“有价值的方面（valuableaspects)”，这样我们就可以整合并表达好要点1和2。因为第二、三段段落间存在比较明显的因果关系，所以要点3和4应该根据各段第一句，即主题句，进行适当的结论推导。第二段主题句的意思是大学带领学生领略不一样的风景。这样我们就可以将其灵活表达为“...motivatesstudents’self-realizationthrough...”。第三段主题句的意思是大学让学生结交素不相识的人，故将其灵活表达为“shapesstudents’diverseperspectives”。要点5是第四段主题句，即该段的第二和第三句，是全文的总结，用“notonly...but(also)”的倒装句替换but,表达大学显性和隐性的益处。范文分析：范文把要点1和2表达为一句，主要是为了用while替换原文的but，用“makesagreatdifferenceto”替换“payoff”，用“accordingto”替换shows，用“earningpower”替换“theeconomicadvantageof”，并用“beyondassessment”替换“aremoredifficulttomeasure”。要点1和要点2是对比关系，所以用while连接。要点3和4分别用“motivatesstudents’self-realizationthrough”和“shapesstudents’diverseperspectivesby”灵活表达第二、三段的大意，并用“firstly,secondly”来表达两者间的并列关系。它们跟要点5是分总关系，所以用“inshort”相连。用“providefinancialopportunities”替换“opportunitiesreflectedinearningandemploymentstatistics’’，用“opensupnewpossibilities”替换“opensmindsandworldsinwaysthatarebeyondmeasurement”，同时用“notonly…but(also)...”的倒装句连接，既简洁又全面。归纳总结：1，表达丰富本范文中我们将本文核心话题“益处（benefits)”表达为“有价值的方面（valuableaspects)”，这可以避免重复原文内容，使用不同的语言进行准确的表达。2，要点简明我们需要对原文的观点进行必要的整合，使之更简洁。本范文中的要点3和要点4为无法衡量但却令人受益终生的益处的两个方面，其段落内部存在因果关系，故应该整合表达，将它们表达为Firstly,collegemotivatesstudents'self-realizationthroughvariouslearningactivities.Secondly,itshapesstudents’diverseperspectivesbyencouragingthemtocommunicatewithdifferentpeople.同时，最后一段总结就业回报和隐性益处，可以用“notonly...but(also)...”的倒装句灵活表达为“Inshort，notonlydoescollegeprovidefinancialopportunities,butitopensupnewpossibilities.”。Exercise2Ecotourismisacombinationofecologyandtourism.TheInternationalEcotourismSocietydefinesecotourismasresponsibletraveltonaturalareasthatconservestheenvironmentandimprovesthewell-beingofthelocalpeople”.Actually,ecotourismcanmeantraveltofar-offplacesofgreatnaturalbeauty,butnotalwaysinaresponsibleway.CostaRica,onceaSpanishcolony,andindependentsince1821,hasanecotourismindustryworthoveronebilliondollarsyearly,andthousandsofjobshavebeencreated.Nearly21percentofthelandisnowprotectednationalparks,largelythankstoecotourism.Nonetheless,duetothenumberofpeoplevisitingthecountry’snaturalplaces，,somedamagetotheecosystemhasoccurred.Althoughtouristscanhaveadamaginginfluenceonecosystems,ecotourismbringscountlessbenefitsaswell.Naturereserveshavebeencreated,keepingtheecosystemprotected.And,byvisitingbeautifulrainforestsandseeingrareanimals,visitorsgetasenseoftheirvalue,andofgratitudeforthem.Tourguidescanalsobeeducatorswhotrainpeopletoloveandcarefortheenvironment.Visitorscantaketheselessonswiththemtotheirhomecountries.Unfortunately,whiletheire