现在完成时--延续动词

现在完成时延续性动词的用法现在完成时的构成形式havedonehas助动词过去分词瞬间性动词例如come,go,leave等，不和表示延续性的时间状语连用，例如fortwohours或者是sincelastmonth。如果我们想用它们来表达延续性的状态，就要把他们转化成对应的延续性动词。borrowhave/haskeptShehaskeptthisbookfortwoweeks.arrivehave/hasbeenin/atKittyhasbeeninNanjingforamonth.leavehave/hasbeenawayShehasbeenawayfromhomefortenyears.diehave/hasbeendeadThefishhasbeendeadfortwodays.getmarriedhave/hasbeenmarriedTheyhavebeenmarriedformorethantwentyyears.begin/starthave/hasbeenonThemeetinghasbeenonforhalfanhour.buyhave/hashadHehashadthewatchforovertwoyears.borrowhave/haskeptShehaskeptthisbookfortwoweeks.come/gohave/hasbeenin/atMycousinhasbeeninBeijingforamonth.延续性动词和瞬间性动词之间的转化1.Hedied10yearsago.---Hefor10years/since10yearsago.2.Heborrowedthebook2weeksago.---Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.hasbeendeadfor+时间段以及since+时间点要用延续性动词，die要延续为bedeadfor+时间段以及since+时间点要用延续性动词，borrow要延续为keep-kept-kept3.Heboughtthemotorbikeamonthago.(ago表过去buy变bought)---Hethemotorbikeforamonth.hashadfor+时间段要用延续性动词，buy要延续为have-had-had4.Hearrivedherethreedaysago.---Heheresincethreedaysago.hasbeenfor+时间段以及since+时间点要用延续性动词，arrive要延续为be的过去分词是been5.Theyturnedoffthelight2hoursago.---Thelightfor2hours.6.Helefthere2yearsago.---Hefromherefor2years.hasbeenonhasbeenawayleave-left-left延续为beaway/beawayfrom+place7.Thefilmbegan30minutesago.---Thefilmfor30minutes.hasbeenonhasbeenopen8.Theyopenedthedooranhourago.---Thedoorforanhour.begin延续为beon,open延续为beopen9.Theyclosedthedooranhourago.---Thedoorforanhour.hasbeenclosedclose延续为beclose10.Hejoinedthearmylastyear.---Hehasbeenasoldierforayear.---Hehasbeeninthearmyforayear.---Itisayearsincehejoinedthearmy.1.IlikeGuilin.I___theretwice.A.goB.wentC.havegoneD.havebeen此题中的twice（两次）表示经历过，去过Have/hasbeen要用现在完成时，因此选D。2.——Where”sLiLei?—He___Beijing.A.goestoB.wenttoC.hasgonetoD.hasbeento此题的语境是李雷不在说话的地方，因此要选C。Have/hasgone去了3.HewenttoTorontotwoyearsago,sohe___Torontofortwotears.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.hasbeeninD.hasgone题目有fortwoyears这一个段时间，而havebeento和havegoneto都不能和段时间连用，因此选Chasbeenin+地点+for+时段现在完成时与一般过去时的比较1）一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。Isawthisfilmyesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）Ihaveseenthisfilm.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）2）一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用;一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday,lastweek，…ago,in1990,inOctober,justnow,…--具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语:for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastfewyears,recently,…--模糊的时间状语句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday,last,week,in1960）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时（错）Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.（对）Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.2）一般过去时常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用;一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday,lastweek，…ago,in1990,inOctober,justnow,…现在完成时的时间状语:for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastfewyears,recently,…--模糊的时间状语（错）Tomhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.（对）Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.3）现在完成时可表示持续到现在的动作或状态，动词一般是延续性的，如live,teach,learn,work,study,know.一般过去时常用的非持续性动词有come,go,leave,start,die,finish,become,getmarried等。ShejoinedtheLeaguethreeyearsago.(加入的动作不是延续的)ShehasbeenintheLeagueforthreeyears(sincethreeyearsago).(在团内的状态可延续)ShehasbeenaLeaguememberforthreeyears(sincethreeyearsago).(是团员的状态可持续)一、选择填空()1.Jim'sbeentotheGreatwallbefore,__________he?(A)isn't(B)wasn't(C)hasn't(D)doesn't()2.She'sneverbeentoEngland,_______she?(A)has(B)hasn't(C)isn't(D)is()3._____hasHanmeibeeninthelibrary.(A)Howlong(B)Howsoon(C)Howfar(D)HowoftenCAA()4.MrGreenisn'tintheoffice,He__________tothelibrary(A)hasgone(B)went(C)hasbeen(D)willgo()5.Mrsmith_______toTokyoandhewillbebackinaweek(A)hasbeen(B)hasvisited(C)hassent(D)hasgoneAD()6.They_________Chinafortwoyears(A)havebeento(B)havebeenin(c)havegoneto(D)havecometoB句型转换1.Hehasneversurfed,__________(改成反意疑问句）?2.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.(对划线部分提问)__________havetheybeenhere?hasheHowlongdie3.Theoldman_________lastyear.He___________forayear.(die)diedhasbeendead4.Thisfactoryopenedtwentyyearsago.(改写句子，句意不变)Thisfactory_________fortwentyyears.hour.5.MissGaoleftanhourago.（同上）MissGao___________anhouragohasbeenopenhasbeenawaysinceIt’s+timesince+过去式6.TheGreenFamilymovedtoFrancetwoyearsago.（同上）______twoyears________theGreenfamilymovedtoFrance.It’ssince7.Thebushasarrivedhere.Itarrivedtenminutesago.（同上）______tenminutes______thebusarrivedhereIt’ssince