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中华人民共和国国家环境保护标准HJ904-2017环境空气多氯联苯混合物的测定气相色谱法Ambientair—Determinationofpolychlorinatedbiphenylmixtures—Gaschromatography(发布稿)本电子版为发布稿。请以中国环境出版社出版的正式标准文本为准。2017-12-14发布2018-03-01实施环境保护部发布目次前言···············································································································i1适用范围······································································································12规范性引用文件·····························································································13方法原理······································································································14干扰和消除···································································································15试剂和材料···································································································16仪器和设备···································································································37样品·············································································································48分析步骤······································································································69结果计算与表示·····························································································610精密度和准确度····························································································711质量保证和质量控制······················································································812废物的处理··································································································8附录A(规范性附录)方法的检出限和测定下限···················································10附录B(资料性附录)化合物一览表··································································11附录C(资料性附录)多氯联苯工业品的特征峰及标准谱图····································12附录D(资料性附录)方法的精密度和准确度······················································16i前言为贯彻《中华人民共和国环境保护法》和《中华人民共和国大气污染防治法》,保护环境,保障人体健康,规范环境空气中多氯联苯工业混合物的测定方法,制定本标准。本标准规定了测定环境空气中多氯联苯工业混合物的气相色谱法。本标准的附录A为规范性附录,附录B~附录D为资料性附录。本标准为首次发布。本标准由环境保护部环境监测司和科技标准司组织制订。本标准起草单位:沈阳市环境监测中心站。本标准验证单位:江苏省环境监测中心、河南省环境监测中心、辽宁省环境监测实验中心、大连市环境监测中心、鞍山市环境监测中心站和沈阳市环境保护局铁西分局环境监测站。本标准环境保护部2017年12月14日批准。本标准自2018年3月1日起实施。本标准由环境保护部解释。1环境空气多氯联苯混合物的测定气相色谱法警告:本方法所用的溶剂和试剂均具有一定毒性,实验操作应在通风橱中进行,并按规定佩戴防护用具,避免接触皮肤和衣物。1适用范围本标准规定了测定环境空气中多氯联苯工业混合物的气相色谱法。本标准适用于环境空气气相和颗粒物中PCB1221、PCB1232、PCB1242、PCB1248、PCB1254、PCB1016和PCB1260共7种多氯联苯工业品的测定。详见附录B。当采样体积为350m3(标准状态),浓缩定容体积为1.0ml时,本方法测定7种多氯联苯的检出限为0.02ng/m3~0.09ng/m3,测定下限为0.08ng/m3~0.36ng/m3。详见附录A。2规范性引用文件本标准内容引用了下列文件中的条款。凡是不注明日期的引用文件,其有效版本适用于本标准。HJ194环境空气质量手工监测技术规范HJ691环境空气半挥发性有机物采样技术导则3方法原理用大流量或中流量采样器将环境空气气相和颗粒物中的多氯联苯采集到滤膜和聚氨酯泡沫(PUF)上,用乙醚-正己烷混合溶剂提取,提取液经浓缩、净化后,气相色谱分离,电子捕获检测器检测,根据色谱峰与标准品的峰形和保留时间进行比较定性,选择3个~5个特征峰,用内标法或外标法取其平均值定量。4干扰和消除样品中的其他有机物可能会干扰测定,选择采用硫酸、硅酸镁层析柱或复合硅胶柱等净化方法去除干扰,详见7.3.3。5试剂和材料除非另有说明,分析时均使用符合国家标准的分析纯化学试剂。实验用水为新鲜制备的纯水。5.1丙酮(C3H6O):农残级。5.2正己烷(C6H14):农残级。5.3乙醚(C4H10O):色谱纯。5.4二氯甲烷(CH2Cl2):农残级。25.5无水硫酸钠(Na2SO4):使用前在马弗炉中400℃烘烤4h,冷却后,于磨口玻璃瓶中密封保存。5.6氯化钠(NaCl):使用前在马弗炉中400℃烘烤4h,冷却后,于磨口玻璃瓶中密封保存。5.7硫酸(H2SO4):ρ=1.84g/cm3,优级纯。5.8乙醚-正己烷混合溶剂:1+9,临用现配。5.9乙醚-正己烷混合溶剂:6+94,临用现配。5.10氯化钠溶液:ρ=50g/L。称取50.0g氯化钠(5.6),于烧杯中加水溶解并定容至1000ml,混匀,临用现配。5.11替代物贮备液:ρ=500µg/ml。直接购买市售有证标准溶液,含2,4,5,6-四氯间二甲苯(TCX)和十氯联苯(DCBP)混合液。亦可使用其他适宜的替代物。5.12替代物中间液:ρ=50.0µg/ml。移取1.00ml替代物贮备液(5.11)于10ml容量瓶中,用正己烷(5.2)定容,混匀。5.13替代物使用液:ρ=1.00µg/ml。移取1.00ml替代物中间液(5.12)于50ml容量瓶中,用正己烷(5.2)定容,混匀。5.14内标贮备液:ρ=1000µg/ml。直接购买市售有证标准溶液,含1-溴-2-硝基苯(BNB)。5.15内标中间液:ρ=100µg/ml。移取1.00ml内标贮备液(5.14)于10ml容量瓶中,用正己烷(5.2)定容,混匀。5.16内标使用液:ρ=10.0µg/ml。移取1.00ml内标中间液(5.15)于10ml容量瓶中,用正己烷(5.2)定容,混匀。5.17标准贮备液:ρ=1000µg/ml。直接购买市售有证标准溶液,PCB1221、PCB1232、PCB1242、PCB1248、PCB1254单标及PCB1016和PCB1260混标,4℃以下密封保存,或参考标准溶液证书保存条件。5.18标准中间液:ρ=100µg/ml。移取1.00ml标准贮备液(5.17)于10ml容量瓶中,用正己烷(5.2)定容,混匀,配制PCB1221、PCB1232、PCB1242、PCB1248、PCB1254单标中间液及PCB1016和PCB1260混标中间液。5.19标准使用液:ρ=10.0µg/ml。分别移取1.00ml标准中间液(5.18)和200µl替代物中间液(5.12)于10ml容量瓶中,用正己烷(5.2)定容,混匀,配制PCB1221、PCB1232、PCB1242、PCB1248、PCB1254单标使用液及PCB1016和PCB1260混标使用液。注:标准使用液(5.19)中替代物浓度为1.00µg/ml。所有溶液(5.11~5.19)均转移至具有聚四氟乙烯衬垫的螺口玻璃瓶内,4℃以下冷藏,密封避光保存。5.20复合硅胶柱层析柱底部填充玻璃棉(5.25),从下至上分别装填无水硫酸钠4g,硅胶0.9g,2%KOH3硅胶3g,硅胶0.9g,44%硫酸硅胶4.5g,22%硫酸硅胶6g,硅胶0.9g,10%硝酸银硅胶3g,最上层是无水硫酸钠6g。可直接购买复合硅胶柱商品柱。5.21硅酸镁:150µm~250µm(100目~60目),使用前于130℃至少活化18h,置于干燥器中冷却后,转移至玻璃瓶中密封保存。5.22石英/玻璃纤维滤膜:根据采样头选择相应规格的滤膜。滤膜对0.3µm标准粒子的截留效率不低于99%。使用前在马弗炉中400℃加热5h以上,冷却后,保存于滤膜盒,保证滤膜在采样前、后不被沾污,并在采样前处于平展状态。5.23聚氨酯泡沫(PUF):聚醚型,密度为22mg/cm3~25mg/cm3,切割成长70mm,直径为45mm~65mm的圆柱形(长度、直径根据玻璃采样筒的规格确定)。使用前先用热水烫洗,再放入温水中反复搓洗,沥干水分后,用丙酮(5.1)清洗三次,放入索氏提取器(6.4),依次用丙酮(5.1)、乙醚-正己烷混合溶剂(5.8)回流提取16h,更换2次~3次新鲜的乙醚-正己烷混合溶剂(5.8)回流提取,取出后在氮气(5.24)流下干燥(亦可采用室温下真空干燥2h~3h)。放入玻璃采样筒(6.3.2)于合适的容器内密封保存。5.24氮气:纯度≥99.999%。5.25玻璃棉:使用前用二氯甲烷(5.4)回流提取2h~4h,干燥后密封保存。6仪器和设备6.1气相色谱仪:具有分流/不分流进样口、程序升温功能和电子捕获检测器。6.2色谱柱:石英毛细管色谱柱,30m(长)×0.25mm(内径)×0.25µm(膜厚),选择两根固定相极性不同的色谱柱。推荐色谱柱1固定相为5%苯基95%二甲基聚硅氧烷或其它等效色谱柱,色谱柱2固定相为14%氰丙基苯基86%二甲基聚硅氧烷或其他等效色谱柱。6.3采样装置6.3.1采样器:满足HJ691要求,具有自动累积采样体积、自动换算标准采样体积的功能,及自动定时、断电再启功能和自动补偿由于电压波动、阻力变化引起的流量变化功能。在装有滤膜和吸附剂的情况下,对于中流量采样,其采样器的负载流量应能达到125L/min,工作点流量为100L/min;对于大流量采样,其采样器的负载流量应能达到250L/min,工作
本文标题:HJ9042017环境空气多氯联苯混合物的测定气相色谱法发布稿
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