采用数学模拟评价生物营养物去除工艺的除磷效果

郝晓地1,戴吉1,M.C.M.vanLoosdrecht2(1.北京建筑工程学院可持续环境生物技术研发中心,北京100044;2.荷兰代尔夫特理工大学Kluyver生物技术实验室,荷兰):磷的去除与回收可以结合生物营养物的去除一并实施,通过收集厌氧池富磷上清液形成鸟粪石(MAP)沉淀的方式予以实现,这同时也可提高生物除磷效果或降低生物除磷所需的最低C/P值为此,一种考虑了磷回收的新型生物营养物去除(BNR)工艺)))BCFSm在荷兰研发并应用然而,有关磷回收以及它对生物除磷效果影响方面的信息在运行实践中仍不够清晰采用数学模拟技术,结合代尔夫特(TUD)生物除磷代谢模型与活性污泥2号模型(ASM2),对不同运行参数下的磷回收以及它对系统工况的影响做了评价模拟试验结果表明,存在着最佳的上清液侧流比,当侧流比大于此值时将增大磷的回收成本,而且除磷效果也将受到影响;在保证出水水质达标(1mgP/L)的情况下,生物除磷所需进水COD/P(可生物降解COD)最小值可由20降低到10,此时的磷回收率为36%动态进水(变流量或负荷)模拟试验表明,其对厌氧池上清液中磷的富集略有影响,但进行磷回收时并不影响系统出水的磷浓度:BNR;厌氧池上清液;模型;磷回收;分离液;鸟粪石:X703.1:A:1000-4602(2006)05-0030-05:(03CDP008);2005(05-K2-8);(8063028);(2005)Mode-lbasedEvaluationofPhosphorusRemovalEfficiencywithBNRProcessesHAOXiao-di1,DAIJi1,M.C.M.vanLoosdrecht2(1.R&DCenterforSustainableEnvironmentalBiotechnology,BeijingInstituteofCivilEngineeringandArchitecture,Beijing100044,China;2.KluyverLaboratoryforBio-technology,DelftUniversityofTechnology,Netherlands)Abstract:Phosphorusremovalandrecoverycanbecombinedinbiologicalnutrientremoval(BNR)process.Thiscanberealisedbystruvite(MAP)precipitationfromthesupernatantofthesludgeinanaerobictank,andcanbebeneficialforeitherimprovingeffluentqualityofbio-PremovalsystemorloweringtheinfluentCOD/Pratiorequiredforbio-Premova.lForthisreason,apatentedBNRprocess,BCFSm,wasdevelopedandappliedintheNetherlands.SeveralquestionsrelatingtoP-recoveryandbe-haviourofthesystemremainunclearandneedtobeascertained.Forthispurpose,modellingtechniquewasemployedinthisstudy.Withthehelpofapreviousdevelopedmodeldescribingcarbonoxidationandnutrientremova,lthreecaseswerefullysimulated.Thesimulationsdemonstratethatthereisanoptimalstrippingflowrate,P-recoverywillincreaseincosts,andbio-Pactivitymightbenegativelyaffecteddue#30#第22卷第5期2006年3月中国给水排水CHINAWATER&WASTEWATERVo.l22No.5Mar.2006todecreasedbio-Pefficiencyifthisvalueisexceeded.TheminimalCODbiod/Pratiorequiredfortheefflu-entstandard(1mgP/L)canbeloweredfrom20to10with36%ofP-recovery.Asimulationwithdy-namicinflowrevealsthatthedynamicinfluentloadsaffectslightlytheanaerobicsupernatantphosphorusconcentrationbuttheeffluentphosphorusconcentrationwillnotbeaffectedwithregularP-recovery.Keywords:BNR;anaerobicsupernatan;tmode;lphosphorusrecovery;strippan;tstru-vite,[12],[3~5],(MAP),[6~9],(BNR)[10~12])))BCFSmUCT,(DPB),[13~15],BCFSm,[16]BCFSm(SRT)SRT,,(20~40mgP/L),(),(),BCFSm,(PAOs/DPB)1研究方法111BCFSm(1),1BCFSmFig.1FlowchartofBCFSmprocessimplementedinaNetherlandishWWTPBCFSmUCT,(ABC),1.210000m3(1200800120034003400m3),2800m3;/0.5mg/L2.0mg/L8500m3/d,11Tab.1InfluentcharacteristicsinaNetherlandishWWTPmg#L-1CODBOD5TKNTP625250609.5:TKNTPNP112,(STOWA)[17],COD,22CODTab.2InfluentCODcompositionsmg#L-1SASFSIXSXICODparCODbiodCODtot758535275155430435625,,,(TSS)#31#第5期郝晓地,等:采用数学模拟评价生物营养物去除工艺的除磷效果第22卷5000mg/L,12e()19d,20e21.5d[14]BCFSm,SVI120mL/g,(SS5mg/L),,,,,(MAP:MgNH4PO4#6H2O),1kg(P)2.2kg(N)95%[9],PNMAP(RSN=QSN/Qin),/PAOs,C/P,MAP,113vanVeldhuizen1999[18],([19][20])114AQUASIM2.0[21],,:,40%(12e),20e,300d,(/),,2结果与讨论211MAPMAP2,RSN=0NP([1mgP/L[10mgN/L);MAP,[0.1mgP/L(/)20%,,,,NP,NP,(6%~12%)2,12e20e,,PAOs,,20%,60%2MAPFig.2EffectofMAPrecoveryonprocessperformance2,20%,20%:20%,,,;20%,,,,,#32#第5期中国给水排水第22卷MAP,QA,,QA,0.1mg/L;,QA/Qin=0.335mg/L(3),QA/Qin=0.3,MAP3(20e)Fig.3InfluenceofQA/Qinonanaerobicsupernatantandeffluentphosphateconcentrations(20e)C/P(COD/P),(4)(RSN=20%),4MAPFig.4InfluenceofMAPrecoveryonbio-Premovaleffluentquality,,CODbiod/P[20,;PAOs,20%95%,C/P2010,36%MAP,20%50%,C/P,212MAP,C/PMAP,()C/P152545,55Fig.5Effectofdynamicinflowonanaerobicsupernatantandeffluentphosphateconcentrations5,,(C/P)3结论,C/P,,A,,MAPC/P2010,36%,:[1]GaterellMR,GayR,WilsonR,etal.Aneconomicandenvironmentalevaluationoftheopportunitiesforsubstitu-tingphosphorusrecoveredfromwastewatertreatment#33#第5期郝晓地,等:采用数学模拟评价生物营养物去除工艺的除磷效果第22卷worksinexistingUKfertilizermarkets[J].EnvironTechno,l2000,21(10):1067-1084.[2]KurodaA,TakiguchiN,GotandaT,etal.Asimplemethodtoreleasepolyphosphatefromactivatedsludgeforphosphorusreuseandrecycling[J].BiotechnolBioeng,2002,78(2):333-338.[3]YoshinoM,YaoM,TsunoH,etal.Removalandrecov-eryofphosphateandammoniumasstruvitefromsuper-natantinanaerobicdigestion[J].WaterSciTechno,l2003,48(2):171-178.[4]UenoY,FujiiM.Threeyearsexperienceofoperatingandsellingrecoveredstruvitefromful-lscaleplant[J].EnvironTechno,l2001,22(11):1373-1381.[5]JeanmaireN,EvansT.Technica-leconomicfeasibilityofP-recoveryfrommunicipalwastewaters[J].EnvironTechno,l2001,22(11):1355-1361.[6]MolinariR.Phosphorousandnitrogenremovalfromwa-tersandrecoveryasstruvitebyusinghybridandinte-gratedmembraneoperations[A].InternationalConfer-enceProceedingsonStruvite:ItsRoleinPhosphorusRecovery[C].UK:CranfieldUniversity,2004.[7]KochF.Enhancedphosphorusremovalandstruvitere-coveryR&DworkinwesternCanada[A].Internation-alConferenceProceedingsonStruvite:ItsRoleinPhos-phorusRecoveryandReuse[C].UK:CranfieldUniver-sity,2004.[8]DoyleaJD,OldringbK,ChurchleybJ,etal.Struvitefor-mationandthefoulingpropensityofdifferentmaterials[J].WaterRes,2002,36(16):3925-3940.[9]JafferaY,ClarkbTA,PearcebP,etal.Potentialphos-