城市污水短程硝化的实现途径曾广德

城市污水短程硝化的实现途径曾广德(厦门水务集团有限公司,福建厦门361008)　　　:　探讨了影响废水中亚硝酸盐积累的三大主要因素:溶解氧、温度和pH。针对常温低氨氮城市污水,从理论上分析了以活性污泥法和生物膜法的形式进行亚硝化的启动方法和运行策略,为短程硝化/厌氧氨氧化工艺在城市污水处理中的应用提供了可借鉴的研究基础。　　:　短程硝化;　常温;　脱氮:X703.1　　:A　　:1673-9353(2009)01-0023-04RealizationofshortcutnitrificationofurbansewageZengGuangde(XiamenWaterGroupCo.Ltd.,Xiamen361008,China)　　Abstract:　Thethreemainfactors,dissolvedoxygen,temperatureandpH,thatinfluencednitriteaccumulationofsewagewerestudied.Thestartupmethodandoperationalstrategyofnitrosoficationwithactivatesludgeandbiofilmwereanalyzedtheoreticallyfortheurbansewageofnormaltemperatureandlowammonianitrogen,anditprovidedvaluableresearchbasefortheapplicationofshortcutnitrification/anaerobicammonia-oxidizinginurbansewagetreatment.　　Keywords:　shortcutnitrification;　normaltemperature;　denitrification　　(shortcutnitrification,),,(ammonia-oxi-dizingbacteria,AOB,)(nitrite-oxidizingbacteria,NOB,),,。1975,Voets[1],,/(nitrosification/denitrification)。1986Sutherson[2],,TurkMavinie[3]。,。1mol2.0mol,1.5mol,25%;,56.7%,。/67.5%,。,[4],[5],。,,,,/。(DO)、·23·第3卷　第1期2009年2月　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　供水技术WATERTECHNOLOGY　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　Vol.3No.1Feb.2009、pH、(FA)、(FH)、(HRT)、(COD)、、。,。,,[6],。,(、pH),,,。1　影响亚硝酸盐积累的主要因素1.1　DO,DO0.2～0.4mg/L,DO1.2～1.5mg/L;DODO[7]。,DO,,,,。Keisuke[8],0.5mg/L,;DO,DO,DO,DO,;,,,。,DO,,DO,,。,DO0.5mg/L。1.2　,68kJ/mol,44kJ/mol,。Balmelle[9],,10～20℃,,,FA;25℃,,。,,,Knowlesz[10]。,,DelftSHARON(singlereactorforhighactivityammoniaremovalovernitrite),(30～35℃),。1.3　pH,pH。Quin-lan[11]pH,,pH8,,pH(7),。,pH。pHFA,FA。,FA,FA。Abeling[12],FA,FA1.0～5.0mg/L,,,。Turk[13],5mg/LFA,,。FA,[14],。[15],(28±1)℃,pH7.8～8.7,,:25d,,4·24·第3卷　第1期　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　供　水　技　术　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　2009年2月mg/L,90%;FA0.52～4.72mg/L,。,pHpHFA,。,pH7.5～8.5,,,;,,pH。2　城市污水亚硝酸盐积累的实现途径2.1　,。,。[16],54m3SBR。,,,11.8～25℃,96%,95%。[17]A/O,,280mg/L,,80%。[18]。,1～2m/h,3∶1,21～26.5℃,COD1.18～5.57kg/(m3·d),NH3-N0.26～0.62kg/(m3·d),TN0.28～0.63kg/(m3·d);NO-2,,。2.2　,。,(10～25℃)。,DO。[19],A/O,DO(0.5mg/L),,85%。,,DO。,、MLSS、HRT、SRT。3　结语,。,,DO、。,DO,,DO。。:[1]VotesJP,WanstaenH,VerstraeteW.Removalofnitrogenfromhighlynitrogenouswastewater[J].JWatPollutControlFed,1975,47:394-398.[2]SuthersanS,GanczarczykJJ.Inhibitionofnitriteoxidationduringnitrification:someobservations[J].WaterPollutResJCan,1986,21(2):257-266.[3]TurkO,MavinicDS.Preliminaryassessmentofashortcutinnitrogenremovalfromwastewater[J].CanJCivEng,1986,13(6):600-605.[4]FengYJ.Partialnitrificationofhighammoniawastewaterviaanovelmembranebioreactor[J].JournaloftheChineseInstituteofCivilandHydraulicEngineering,2007,19(2):323-328.[5]SinhaB,AnnachhatreAP.AssessmentofpartialnitrificationreactorperformancethroughmicrobialpopulationshiftusingQuinoneprofile,FISHandSEM[J].BioresourceTechnology,2007,98(18):3602-3610.[6],,,.[J].(),2006,46(12):2077-2080.[7]LaanbrockHJ,BodelierPLE,GerardS.Oxygen·25·2009年2月曾广德:城市污水短程硝化的实现途径第3卷　第1期consumptionkineticsofNitrosomonaseuropaeaandNitrobacterhamburgensisgrowninmixedcontinuousculturesatdifferentoxygenconcentrations[J].ArchMicrobiol,1994,161(2):156-162.[8]　HanakiK,WantawinC,OhgakiS.Nitrificationatlowlevelsofdissolvedoxygenwithandwithoutorganicloadinginasuspended-growthreactor[J].WaterResearch,1990,24(3):297-302.[9]　BalmelleB,NguyenKM,CapdevilleB,etal.Studyoffactorscontrollingnitritebuild-upinbiologicalprocessesforwaternitrification[J].WatSciTech,1992,26(5/6):1243-1258.[10]　KnowlesG,DowningAL,BarrettMJ.Determinationofkineticconstantsfornitrifyingbacteriainmixedculturewiththeaidofanelectroniccomputer[J].JournalofGeneralMicrobiology,1965,38:263-276.[11]　QuinlanAV.PredictionoftheoptimumpHforammonia-NoxidationbyNitrosomonaseuropaeainwell-aeratednaturalanddomesticwastewater[J].WaterResearch,1984,18:561-566.[12]　AbelingU,SeyfriedCF.Anaerobic-aerobictreatmentofhigh-strengthammoniumwastewaternitrogenremovalvianitrite[J].WaterScienceandTechnology,1992,26(5/6):1007-1015.[13]TurkO,MavinicDS.Benefitsofusingselectiveinhibitiontoremovenitrogenfromhighlynitrogenouswastes[J].EnvironTechnolLett,1987,8:419-426.[14]AnthonisenAC,LoehrRC,PrakasamTBS,etal.Inhibitionofnitrificationofammoniaandnitrousacid[J].JournalofWaterPollutionControlFed,1976,48(5):835-852.[15]　,,.pH[J].,2005,37(12):1664-1666.[16]　,,,.SBR[J].,2007,58(11):2901-2905.[17]　,,,.A/O[J].,2007,28(1):142-146.[18]　,.[J].,2002,18(11):1-4.[19]　,,./[J].,2006,27(12):2477-2482.E-mail:[e-mail]:2009-01-06　开源与节流并重　　　节流优先　治污为本　　　　　科学开源　综合利用·26·第3卷　第1期　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　供　水　技　术　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　2009年2月