城市污水生物除磷脱氮工艺中的矛盾关系及对策华光辉

··华光辉　张　波　　　目前,城市污水处理厂的处理对象包括COD、BOD5、SS和氮、磷等营养物质。就氮磷脱除而言,一般需涉及硝化、反硝化、微生物释磷和吸磷等过程。由于各过程的要求不同,在同一污水处理工艺系统中就不可避免地产生了各过程间的矛盾关系。针对泥龄问题、碳源问题、硝酸盐问题、系统的硝化和反硝化容量问题、释磷吸磷的容量问题进行了探讨。　污水处理　生物除磷脱氮　工艺系统　矛盾关系　　()。,,(COD)(SS)。,,CODSS。(NH3-N),,。,,。,COD、BOD5、SS、。。,,COD。,、、。,、。,,;,。,。,,。1　,。,。,30d;,5d。,,Rensink(1985)[1]1,。1　/d30175.34.6/%405087.591　　1。3.0d,。,。,。。,;,,。,,,。,。,。,,(1),,;,。　Vol.26　No.12　20001　　　　DOI:10.13789/j.cnki.wwe1964.2000.12.001。,。,,,。,A2/O(2),,。,,。,,。1　A1/O-A2/O2　A2/OA2/O。,。,A2/O。:①,MLSS;②,;③,,。,。2　。,、。,(VFA)。,COD,VFA,mg/L。,。。,COD,,,,。,,,,,。。,。,,,。,A2/O(3),[2～4]。,,。,,,,[2～4]。。3　A2/O3　A2/O,,。,VFA,,。A2/O,,UCT、JHB、EASC,UCT(4)。,。,,,2　　　　　Vol.26　No.12　20004　UCT。,,。,。UCT,A2/O(4)。1(O)(A2),2A2A1,A1,A2。,,。,A22A1,。,、,。A2/O。4　。,,;。,,。()。,1～2h3～4h,2～3h,5～6h。。A2/O,A2/O。。。,,;,,。,,、、。,。,,。,,。,,。,,。,。,A2/O,,,。,,,、。5　。,,,。、。,1.5～2.5h2～3h,。A2/O,,,。,。,。,,,HRT。[5～6]:,,,。,HRT,　Vol.26　No.12　20003　　　　2～3h,3～4h。6　,(GB8978-1996)[7]。,。,。,,,,。,,。参考文献1　RensinkJH,DonkerHJGWandSimonsSJ.PhosphorusRemovalatLowSludgeLoadings.WatSciTech,1985,17(11～12):177～1862　.:[].:,19963　,./.,1997,12(2):29～314　,.A2/O.,1999,17(2):7～105　,..,1997,23(10):18～206　MatsuoY.EffectoftheAnaerobicSRTonEnhancedBiologicalPhosphorusRemoval.WatSciTech,1994,30(6):193～2027　,.—(GB8978-1996).:,1997⊙:266033605　E-mail:[e-mail]　:2000-4-10李晓涓　　　太原市水环境总体规划是世行贷款项目山西省万家寨引黄工程项目的子项目。根据世行贷款协定的要求,中方通过国际招标方式选择了美国CDM国际咨询公司,与中方专家共同完成此项目。着重介绍太原市水环境总体规划的主要内容和编制方法,并比较了国内和国际上现行规划的不同之处。　水环境总体规划　编制内容　编制方法　太原市1　。。,,CampDresser&MckeeInternationalInc.(CDM)。CDM。2　、、、、、、、、、。(、、、、),、。、、、、。。3　。:、。4　　　　　Vol.26　No.12　2000WATER&WASTEWATERENGINEERINGVol.26No.12November2000CONTENTSContradictionandMeasuresinBiologicalNandPRemovalofMunicipalWastewaterTreatmentHuaGuanghuietal(1……………………………………………………………………………………………………)Abstract:ThetreatmentparametersinmunicipalwastewatertreatmentplantincludeCOD,BOD5,SS,NandPetc.BiologicalN-Premovalinvolvesinprocessessuchasnitrification,denitrification,phosphorusreleaseanduptake.Theparadoxicalrelationshipsareinevitablyproducedinthesametreatmentsystembecauseofthedifferentrequirementsofdifferenttreatmentprocesses.Thispaperanalyzedtheproblemsofsludgeage,carbonsources,nitrate,capacityofnitrificationanddenitrification,capacityofphosphorusreleaseanduptake.Suchanalysisisconducivetoimprovetheunderstandingofparadoxicalrelationshipsinbiologicalphosphorusandnitrogenremovalprocess.BriefontheGeneralUrbanWaterEnvironmentPlanningLiXiaojuan(4……………………………………………………)Abstract:TheGeneralUrbanWaterEnvironmentPlanningofTaiyuancityisoneofsub-itemsfortheWanjiazhaiYellowRiverWaterDivertingProjectfundedbytheWorldBankloan.ThewaterenvironmentplanningwillbeaccomplishedbyCDMInternationalInc,jointlywithChinesespecialists.InthispaperthecontentsandthemethodtocompiletheplanningarepresentedandthediscriminationsbetweentheinternationalandChineseplanningdealingsarecompared.ExperimentonBiologicalFeandMnRemovalfromUndergroundWaterXueGangetal(8…………………………………)Abstract:Aprocessofsimpleaeration+primarybiologicaltreatmentbasedontheMnremovalcapacityofferro-bacteriahasbeenproposed.ItcanremovebothFeandMnsimultaneouslyfromundergroundwaterwithhighMnandFecontentandcanenhancetheformationofthestableMn-removalabilityofthefiltrationlayer.Theinfluencefactorstotheconcernedprocessarediscussed.Theexperimentresultshasshownthatthisisaneconomicalfiltratingunitopera-tionwithhighaerationefficiencytoremoveFeandMn.StudyontheEffectofSulfateReductiononAnaerobicDigestionJiBinhongetal(12………………………………………)Abstract:Theartificestoovercometheeffectofsulfatereductioninanaerobicdigestionwereexaminedinabatchanaerobicreactortreatingorganicwastewaterwithhighsulfatecontent.TheinfluencesofsomefactorssuchastheratioofCOD/SO42-andSO42-contentinrawwastewater,theFe(Ⅱ)dosageandtheadaptationofsludgeculturewereobserved.Finallyitwasconcludedthattheeffectofsulfatereductioncouldbeovercameunderthreeways:①anaerobicsludgeadaptationtomethanebacteriadominated,②COD/SO42-ratiowillbegreaterthan2∶1and③appropriateconcentrationofSO42-ininflowwastewater(intheauthors'experienceitwaslowerthan4000mg/L).CoagulationResearchofRawWaterAbstractedfromXijiangRiverHuangShaobinetal(16…………………………………)Abstract:CoagulationsofdifferentcoagulantsareresearchedfortherawwaterabstractedfromXijiangRiverinGuangdongProvinceattemptingtooptimizetheapplicationofcoagulantagentsandtoenhancethecoagulationprocess,soastoreducetheexpensesofcoagulationoperationandtoimprovethequalityoftheoutputwater.PilotPlantResearchonAdvancedTreatmentofPollutedRawWaterYeHuietal(18………………………………………)Abstract:Apilotplantresearchofozone-activatedcarbonprocess(O3-BAC)wasconductedforadvancedtreatmentofpollutedrawwaterofHuangpuRiver.Theresultsshowthattheremovalabilityfororganicsubstancesofthisprocesscouldconserveconsistentlyforalongtime,themeanremovalratiosof27.5%,34.7%,and57%wereobtainedforCODMn,TOCandUV254respectively.AlsothelevelsofMncontentandcoloritydecreasedandthereactionofAmestestbecomefrompositivetonegative.Thequalityandsafetyofthedrinkingwaterwereimprovedevidentlythroughtheadvancedtreatmentofozone-activatedcarbonprocess.Bsie