臭氧浓度升高对冬小麦田土壤呼吸硝化和反硝化作用的影响张勇

3112201012ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCEVol.31No.12Dec.2010、*210044、OTC3CK、T1100nL·L－1T2150nL·L－1.CO2BaPSCO2、.CK、T1、T2p0.055.36±0.72、5.08±0.04、4.94±0.18μmol·m2·s－1.CKT2p0.05.p0.05CK、T1T2Q101.72、1.581.51.PearsonCKp0.050.8280.890T2p0.050.772.、.X144A0250-3301201012-2988-072010-01-182010-04-052009045123208120000580901081C1985～[e-mail]*[e-mail]ConcentrationonSoilRespirationNitrificationandDenitrificationinaWinterWheatFarmlandZHANGYongCHENShu-taoWANGLian-xiSHENXiao-shuaiHUZheng-huaSHIYan-shuSchoolofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineeringNanjingUniversityofInformationScienceandTechnologyNanjing210044ChinaAbstractFieldexperimentswerecarriedoutinawinterwheatfarmlandinordertoinvestigatetheeffectsofelevatedozoneconcentrationonsoilrespirationnitrificationanddenitrification.ThreeozoneconcentrationtreatmentswhichwereCKT1100nL·L-1andT2150nL·L－1werearrangedusingopentopchambersOTCs.AportablesoilCO2fluxessystemwasusedtomeasuresoilrespirationrates.NitrificationanddenitrificationratesweredeterminedbyusingaBarometricProcessSeparationBaPSmethod.Resultsindicatedthattherewerenosignificantdifferencesp0.05insoilrespirationratesamongCKT1andT2treatments.MeansoilrespirationratesforCKT1andT2treatmentswere5.36±0.725.08±0.044.94±0.18μmol·m2·s－1respectively.Nosignificantdifferencesp0.05inmeansoilnitrificationanddenitrificationrateswereobservedbetweenthetreatmentsofCKandT2.Duringtheexperimentalperiodsoilrespirationshowedanexponentialrelationshipwithsoiltemperatureforeachofthetreatment.TheQ10therespiratoryfluxatonetemperatureoverthefluxatatemperature10℃lowervalueswere1.721.58and1.51forCKT1andT2treatmentsrespectively.AcorrelationPearsonproduct-momentumcorrelationanalysisshowedthatsoilwatercontentwascorrelatedsignificantlyp0.05withsoilnitrificationr=0.828anddenitrificationr=0.890ratesforCKtreatment.Soilwatercontentwascorrelatedsignificantlyp0.05withsoilnitrificationrateforT2treatmentwiththecorrelationcoefficientof0.772.Thisstudyindicatedthatelevatedozoneconcentrationdidnotsignificantlyaffectsoilrespirationnitrificationanddenitrificationratesinthewinterwheatfarmland.Elevatedozoneconcentrationhoweversignificantlyreducedthetemperaturesensitvityofsoilrespiration.Keywordsozonefarmlandsoilrespirationnitrificationdenitrification1.21999～20007h75nL·L－1.CO2DOI:10.13227/j.hjkx.2010.12.03912、CO2.3、3.、.、.45.、.、、.11.12008200932.16°N118.86°E.15.6℃1100mm.26.1%pHH2O6.219.4g·kg－1、1.15g·kg－1.1.2122008-11-12..221.5.3m2.5mOTCCK、T1100nL·L－1、T2150nL·L－13.OTCOTCOTC1nL·L－1OTCOTCOTC.OTC.0800～1600.1.3、20cm、10cmOTC3Li-8100.35BaPS67CKT22CO2、.6.0cm、4.3cm3BaPS.3BaPSCO2、3kghCO2kghμg·kg·h－1.1.4、、CO2、105℃1h70℃kgg·kg－1.OTC..1.5SPSS16.0、、.CO2、、SPSS16.0ANOVA.PearsonCO2、、.98923122.1350.12～0.25g·g－1551a.CK、T1T29.4～22.8℃、9.4～24.9℃9.0～22.8℃1b3.CK、T1T23.62～8.203.41～6.402.57～6.63μmol·m2·s－15.36±0.72、5.08±0.04、4.94±0.18μmol·m2·s－11c.12009、、Fig.1Dynamicchangesofsoilwatercontentsoiltemperatureandsoilrespirationratesin20092009-03-15～2009-04-283522009-05-062009-05-130.12g·g－10.12g·g－1.BaPS2009-03-29～2009-05-10CKT2CO2p0.05.CO2637.63±135.73μg·kg·h－1517.29±126.35μg·kg·h－11.1CKT2CO2、/μg·kg·h－1Table1SeasonalmeanCO2productionratesnitrificationratesanddenitrificationratesforCKandT2treatments/μg·kg·h－1CKT2CO2637.63135.73517.29126.35394.8880.37478.1492.89322.6072.87353.8067.772.22009-03-29～2009-05-10CKT2p0.05.394.88±80.37μg·kg·h－1478.14±92.89μg·kg·h－1322.60±72.87μg·kg·h－1353.80±67.77μg·kg·h－11.2009-05-03CKT2CKT22p0.05.22009Fig.2Dynamicchangesofrootbiomassin20092.3、CK、T1T246%、63%80%3pp0.05p0.01.3Rs=aebtabRst.3a3ab2.CK、T1T2Q101.72、1.58099212、3Fig.3Relationshipbetweensoilrespirationandtemperature21Table2StatisticalanalysisoftemperaturerelationshipofsoilrespirationabR2CIa95%CIb95%Q10CK2.580±0.5910.051±0.0150.561.219～3.9420.016～0.0861.67T12.625±0.3020.042±0.0070.801.928～3.3230.025～0.0581.52T21.886±0.4120.056±0.0130.680.936～2.8360.026～0.0861.75aCK2.456±0.3000.054±0.0030.561.842～3.0710.047～0.0621.72T12.456±0.3000.046±0.0020.801.842～3.0710.042～0.0501.58T22.456±0.3000.041±0.0040.681.842～3.0710.033～0.0491.511abRs=aebt2RstR2CIa95%CIb95%ab95%aCK、T1T23p0.05Luo83a3bQ10=e10b1.5110℃CK、T1T21.72、1.581.51.CKT1T2Q100.140.21.、、、.3p=0.322p=0.015.PearsonCKp0.050.8280.890CKCO2p0.053、1Table3CovarianceanalysisfortheeffectsofO3treatmentsandthecovariatessoiltemperatureandsoilmoistureonsoilrespirationFp14.12843.5323.1700.0274.56014.5604.0930.0522.61821.3091.1750.3227.44217.4426.6800.0150.01210.0120.0100.92034.539311.114871.0353648.6681、0.777T2p0.050.7724.CKT2CO2p0.051992314CO2R、D、N、t、W、BPearson1Table4PearsoncorrelationanalysisforsoilCO2productionrateRdenitrificationrateDnitrificationrateNsoiltemperaturetsoilwatercontentWandrootbiomassBRDNtWBR1.000D0.1841.000CKN0.2130.8841.000t－0.320－0.521－0.3571.000W0.5910.828*0.890*－0.5531.000B0.777*－0.143－0.248－0.4000.1441.000R1.000D0.1421.000T2N0.2830.9161.000t0.393－0.705－0.6061.000W0.3330.6410.772*－0.6081.000B0.510－0.037－0.1450.479－0.2551.000R1.000D0.1411.000CKT2N0.2010.8911.000t0.097－0.627*－0.4861.000W0.4490.727*0.818－