电镀废水处理工程设计实例熊家晴

64Feb.2005Vol.38No.2MaterialsProtection1,2,3(1.,710055;2.,810001;3.,250000)[],,,,,,,,,[];;;[]X781.1[]B[]1001-1560(2005)02-0064-03[]200410090,,,7t/h,Cr6+,1040mg/L,pH46;,4t/h,CN-,2030mg/L,pH79;,,20t/h,:1020mg/LCu2+,1020mg/LZn2+,1020mg/LNi2+,pH36,16.90m,5.50m,,15m318m324m3,,,,,,1:Cr6+30mg/L,pH4;CN-30mg/L,pH9;Cu2+20mg/L,Zn2+20mg/L,Ni2+20mg/L,pH3GB8978-1996,,,;,,(1)[1],Cr6+,H,,,,,(),2005238265Cr6+Cr3+,,Cr(OH)3,,(2),,,,,,,(3),,,pH,,1122,,,,,(),,H2SO4pH9,,[2,3]:,,H2SO4pH23,NaHSO3Cr6+Cr3+,NaOHpH89:2H2Cr2O7+3H2SO4+6NaHSO3=2Cr2(SO4)3+3Na2SO4+8H2OCr2(SO4)3+6NaOH=2Cr(OH)3+3Na2SO4,,NaOHpH1011,NaClOCN-:2NaCN+NaClO+H2O=CNCl+2NaOHCNCl+2NaOH=NaCNO+H2O+NaCl2NaCNO+2NaClO+2NaOH=2Na2CO3+H2+N2+2NaCl66Feb.2005Vol.38No.2MaterialsProtection:2NaCN+4NaClO+2NaOH=2Na2CO3+H2+N2+4NaCl:NaOHpH8.59.5,10min,30min,,H2SO4pH:Cu2++2OH-=Cu(OH)2Ni2++2OH-=Ni(OH)2Zn2++2OH-=Zn(OH)2311/m14.602.983.00-12.702.983.00-16.004.003.00-21.000.703.00pH1011;1h,400700mV21.001.203.00pH2330min,500mV23.202.003.00pH9,10min,()3040min4(1),,(2),,,,,(3),(4),Cr6+,CN-,(5)pH/ORP,(6),,587.86104,,20.38/t,2/10415.00;274.4331.4044.4752.56687.86,Cr6+,Ni+0.41mg/L0.60mg/L,CN-,Cu2+,Zn2+0135,0144,1100mg/L,GB8978-1996[][1],,.[J].,1997(3):1315.[2],.[J].,1999,28(5):257260.[3],,,.[J].,2000,26(8):3638.[:]:1.2004(3):29.2.2004(5):36.3.2004(5):39.4.2004(5):53.microscopy,scanningelectronmicroscopy,microOhardnesstesting,andelectronprobemicroanalysis.Thuseffortsweremadetodeter2minetheoptimumcontentofWCinthelasercladding.ItwasfoundthatnocrackinghappenedinthelasercladdingNiObasedalloyuntilthemassfractionofWCsurpassed30%.TheaveragehardnessofthelasercladdingNiObasedalloyincreasedwithincreasingWCcontent.TheWCparticulateswerecompletelymeltedanddissolvedinthecladdingalloy.Thesolidifiedphasewasmainlycomposedofdendriteandeutectic,andthecladdingshowedcellOandstripOlikemetastabletwoOphasestructure.Keywords:lasercladding;NiObasedalloy;WC;microstructure;rapidsolidificationAnExamplefortheProjectDesignofElectroplatingWastewaterTreatmentXIONGJiaOqing1,LIYuOmei2,DULiOqun3(1.SchoolofEnviron2mental&MunicipalEngineering,XianUniversityofArchitecture&Technology,Xian710055;2.QinghaiCollieryDesign&ResearchInstitute,Xining810001;3.ShandongMetallurgicalDesign&Re2searchInstitute,Jinan250000,China)CailiaoBaohu2005,38(2),6466(Ch).Thoughtherearemanymethodsforthewastewatertreatmentofelectroplatingeffluents,itisessentialtochoosetheproperprocessesinpracticalprojectbytakingintoac2countthedifferentworkingconditions.Thusthemethodsandprinci2plesforthetreatmentofthewastewatercontainingcyanogens,chro2mium,andheavymetalswerediscussed.Andasetoftreatmentprocesswasdesignedtorealizetheefficienttreatmentoftheelectro2platingwastewatercontainingcyanide,chromium,andheavymetals,inaspecificprojecthavingthedistinguishedfeaturessuchaslessin2stallations,lowcost,steadyeffect,andendurancetohugerateofflowandburdenconcentration.TheCrOcontainingwastewaterwasthereforetreatedusingachemicalreductionmethod,thecyanidewasremovedusingalkalinechloridizingmethod,andtheheavymetalsweredisposedusingalkalineprecipitationmethod.Thefieldtestre2sultsindicatedthattheeffluentafterbeingtreatedwiththeestab2lishedprocessespassednationalintegratedwastewaterdischargestandardGB89781996.Keywords:wastewatertreatment;electroplatingeffluents;wastewatercontainingchromium;wastewatercontainingcyanogenAdsorptionandRecoveryofLead()inIndustrialWastewaterbyCarbonBlackSlurryXIAChangObin,LIXun(DepartmentofChemistryandEnvironmen2talEngineering,ChangshaUniversityofScienceandTechnology,Changsha411201,China)CailiaoBaohu2005,38(2),6768(Ch).Thereactionkineticsofcarbonblackslurry(CBS)fortheadsorptionofPb2+ioninwastewaterfromelectroplating,tannery,andminingindustrieswasstudiedunderstaticcondition.Theeffectsoftheadsorptiontime,initialpHvalue,andinitialPb2+ionconcen2trationontheadsorptionvolumewereinvestigated.Moreover,thefeasibilitytorecoverthePb2+ionbythepresentmethodwasex2plored.TheresultsshowedthatCBShadgoodadsorptioncapabilitytothePb2+,andthepHvaluehadpredominanteffectontheadsorp2tion.TheCBShadbetteradsorptiontothePb2+ioninweakacidic(pH5)andneutralsolutionsthaninothersolutions.TheinitialadsorptionrateandPb2+concentrationobeyedthefirstOorderreactiondynamics,whiletheadsorptionofPb2+indilutesolutionsconformedtoLangmuirsmodel.Atthesametime,itcouldbefeasibleinengi2neeringtorecoverPbmakinguseoftheefficientadsorptionofPb2+byCBS.Keywords:wastewatertreatment;Pb2+;recovery;carbonblackslurry;adsorptionDeterminationofCopper,NickelandTininAnodizedElectro2lyticColoringCoatingofAlbyGFAASYANGXiaoOyana,YANLiuOshuia,WENZhenOdonga,DUNanb(a.DepartmentofEnvironmentandChemicalEngineering,b.De2partmentofMaterialScienceandEngineering,NanchangInstituteofAeronauticalTechnology,Nanchang330034,China)CailiaoBaohu2005,38(2),6974(Ch).Thestudyonthedepositionofcopper,nickel,andtinisimportantforunderstandingthealuminumanodi2zingandelectrolyticcoloringmechanism.Thustheelectrolyticcolo2ringcoatingofaluminumwasdissolvedinnitricacidandaceticacid,andthecontentsofcopper,nickel,andtininthesamplesolutionweredeterminedusinggraphite