反渗透膜分离技术的创新性进展

:1007-8924(2006)06-0001-04(,266003;,310012):,.,,,.,,,,,.50(SWRO);,;,;,;SWRO,SWRO(NF)(MSF)(MED)(MF)(UF),,,CO2;.:;;;;:TQ028.8:A.,,,,.(MSF)(SWRO)(MED).,3400m3,1(1/40),44%.50,SWRO70,.3kWh/m3,0.5/m3.SWRO..,,,,,.,.,,,(),,,.:(1942-),,,,[e-mail];[e-mail]266Vol.26No.6200612MEMBRANESCIENCEANDTECHNOLOGYDec.20061.50,,1952,1974,,(SWRO)1953;1973,,,.50,SWRO70,.RO,99.8%,30,SWRO,,90%,SWRO3kWh/m3,,SWRO.,,SWRO,,,.SWRO,.22.1,.2.1.1LoebSourirajan1960,,(CA),,(011mm),,,(0.2m),,3.70CA-CTA,10.2MPa,35000mg/LNaCl,99.4%99.7%,2030L/(m2?h).2.1.21963,,(0.2m),,.,,,,.,5.52MPa,35000mg/LNaCl,99.8%,40L/(m2?h).2.2,,.2.2.1,1975DuPontB-10;1980ToyoboHollosepCTA.,.2.2.21964,10,70,,;.,,,481618,8.2.3SWRO,.,,(80%),,,,60%70%;,,90%,3kWh/m3.2.4,SWRO,2.4.170RO95%?2?2698%,,,,,10kWh/m3.2040mg/L.2.4.280,RO99.2%,SWRO.RO,,30%35%.2.4.3,.SWRO515MPa,8.4MPa,60%,,,SWRO.2.4.4,,,,60%.SWRO,SWRO,.2.4.5SWRO(NF)NF,,,90,RONF,,RO,RO,RO;RO,RO,RO,RO,.2.4.6SWROSWRO,,,,.ROSWRO.2.4.7SWRO(MSF)(MED)SWROMSF,Fu2jeirah,,MSF28.4104m3/d,SWRO17.0104m3/d,,.(),.2.4.8(MF)(UF)SWRO,MFUFSWRO.MFUF,SWRO,.2.4.9SWROSWRO,RO,.;.RO,,;,RO,.2.5SWRO,SWRO.SWRO3kWh/m3,1t,1kg,2kgCO2.SWRO40%,60%,...31965,1967-1969,70RO,80;80,,,,.19975006:?3?m3/dRO20SWRO,4kWh/m3,5m3/d.,1075,,.20032005.,,,,,,.,.440,RO,,,.,RO,,,,RO.1965,,1020,SWRO.[1]CadotteJE.Evolutionofcompositereverseosmosismem2branes[A].AmericanChemicalSocietySymposiumSeries269[C].Washington,DC:1985.273-294.[2],,.[A].,[C].:2000.11,25-31.[3]CaraccioloVP,RosenblattNW,TomsicVJ.DuPont,shollowfibermembranes[A].ReverseOsmosisandSyn2theticMembranes[C].SourirajanS,ed.NRCC,Ottawa:Canada,1977.343-370.[4]HaugeLJ.Thepressureexchanger[J].Desalination&WaterReuse,1999,9(1):54-60.[5]ShumwaySA.TheworkexchangerforSWROenergyre2covery[J].Desalination&WaterReuse,1999,8(4):27-33.[6],.[A].[C].,:1999.6,275-281.[7],,,.500/[A].[C].,:1999.6,291-296.[8]ShumwaySA.TheworkexchangerforSWROenergyrecov2ery[J].Desalination&WaterReuse,1999,8(4):27-33.[9]LeitherGF.Breakingthecostbarrierforseawaterdesalt2ing[J].DesalinationWaterReuse,1998,8(1):14-21.[10]YunaTI,GabelichaCJ,CoxaMR,etal.Reducingcostsforlarge-scaledesaltingplantsusinglarge-diame2ter,reverseosmosismembranes[J].Desalination,2006,189:141-154.[11]AndrewsWT,LakerDS.Atwelve-yearhistoryoflargescaleapplicationofworkexchangerenergyrecoverytechnology[J].Desalination,2001,138:201-206.[12]SadhwaniJJ.Casestudiesonenvironmentalimpactofseawaterdesalination[J].Desalination,2005,185:1-8.[13]AreiqatA.Optimizationofthenegativeimpactofpoweranddesalinationplantsontheecosystem[J].Desalina2tion,2005,185:95-103.(11)??2006912,.,,.,.:,:,:..:2:100080:010-62544601E-mail:[e-mail]?4?26PreparationofPVDF/PVCblendhollowfibermembraneGAOChunmei1,XIDanli1,YANGXiaobo1,MENGYanbin2,LIANGXinhua3(1.CollegeofEnvironmentalScienceandEngineering,DonghuaUniversity,Shanghai200051,China;2.DepartmentofResearchandDevelopment,ShanghaiLemeiStationeryCo.,Ltd.,Shanghai201703,China;3.HebeiZhengdingBureauofEnvironmentalProtection,Zhengding050801,China)Abstract:TheexperimentalresultsshowedthatthePVDF/PVCblendpolymerwaspartlycompatibilityandthemembraneperformancewasbetterintheratioofPVDFPVC=73thanotherratios.Thepaperalsodiscussedtheinfluenceofdifferentmassconcentrations,differentsolvents,differentadditivesonblendmembraneperfor2manceandanalyzedtheoretically.Keywords:PVDF;PVC;blend;fibermembrane(4)ProgressofreverseosmosistechnologyforseawaterdesalinationGAOCongjie(OceanUniversityofChina,Qingdao266003;DevelopmentCenterofWaterTreatmentTechnology,SOA,Hangzhou310012,China)Abstract:Wateristheirreplaceableandvaluablenaturalresourcesontheearth,andtheindispensablebasicma2terialfortheexistenceandproductionofourmankind.Thewaterresourceshortageofourcountryhasbeense2vereimpactonthedevelopmentofthesocialeconomyofthecoastandwesternregion,Seawaterdesalinationhasbeenpeoplesfonddreamsinceancienttimes,thedreamisnowbecomingareality.Desalinizationtechnologyisoneoftheimportantmeanstosolvecurrentwaterresourcedeficientproblems.Especiallyinrecentyears,reverseosmosishaswonthebidininternationalcallingfortendersofseawaterdesalination,becauseitslowcapitalin2vest,lowenergyconsumption,lowcostpriceandshorterconstructionperiod.Thispaperpresentsabriefdevel2opmenthistoryofreverseosmosis(RO)andseawaterdesalinationbyreverseosmosis(SWRO)backto1950s.Muchattentionwaspaidtoinnovativedevelopmentinmembranes,modules,equipmentsandappliedtechnolo2gy,includingasymmetriccelluloseacetate(CA)membraneandaromaticpolyamidecompositemembranes,spiral-woundelementsandhollowfibermoduleswithdifferentsizes,energyrecoveryequipments,differenttechno2logicalprocessesusedforvarioussituation,integratedandco-generatedprocesses,optimizationofthesepro2cesses,andenvironmentalimpactsandrelatedcountermeasuresofSWROforlargedesalinationplants.Theex2tensionofreverseosmosis,suchasdesalination,pre-concentrationandintegratedprocessesforotherfluids,andnanofiltration,wasalsobrieflymentioned.Thedevelopmentandprogressofreverseosmosistechnologyin2cludingSWROinChinawasalsointroducedbrieflyinthepaperforreference.Keywords:reverseosmosis