粉煤灰再生混凝土生命周期评价初探徐亦冬

[]　2004-02-251,2,　　2,　2(1.浙江大学宁波理工学院建筑工程系,浙江宁波　315100;　2.中南大学土木建筑学院,湖南长沙　410075)[　]　本文使用生命周期评价(LCA)方法对掺与不掺粉煤灰的再生混凝土的环境影响进行评价。研究表明,再生混凝土是一种很好的环境材料(ecomaterial)。粉煤灰的掺入可以提高再生混凝土的绿色度。不掺粉煤灰的再生混凝土可以有效的减少油耗、CO、CxHy以及废弃物的排放,但并不能有效的减少混凝土的煤耗、CO2、NOx以及SO2排放量;而通过掺入粉煤灰可使再生混凝土的各项污染指标均得到有效的降低。[]　粉煤灰;　再生混凝土;　生命周期评价(LCA)[]　TU528.01　　　[]　A　　　[]　1002-3550(2004)06-0029-03PreliminarystudyoflifecycleassessmentofrecycledconcretecontainingflyashXUYi-dong1,2,　WUPing2,　ZHOUShi-qiong2(1.Departmentofarchitureengineering,zhejiangUniversityningboTechnologyacademy,NingboZhejinang315100,China;2.Collegeofcivilandenineering,Centralsouthuniversity,ChashaHunan410075,China)　　Abstract:　Usinglifecycleassessment(LCA),thispaperpresentstheimpactofrecycledconcrete(RC)containingflyashontheenvironment.Asisshownbytheresults,RCisanecomaterial.Bymixingflyash,thegreendegreeofRCcanbeimproved.TheRCwith-outcontainingflyashcanreducetheconsumptionofoilandthedischargeofCO,CxHyandwasteefficiently,butcan'treducethecon-sumptionofcoalandthedischargeofCO2,NOxandSO2efficiently.However,bymixingflyash,alltheindexesmentionedabovecanbereducedefficiently.　　Keywords:　flyash;　recycledconcrete(RC);　lifecycleassessment(LCA)1　概述　　,。,。,1980550016200,;6000;1600;,0.3//;,199920,4000,34%,1360,4000[1]。,。,70%～80%,,。,50、[2],,,。、、,,,、,,,。、。,1992、4.59×108t,9000×108t[3]。,,,。、。,、,。、,,,。,;,[4,5],。,。?。,,[6]。,2090(Life-CycleAssessment,LCA)。·29·2004年第6期(总第176期)Number6in2004(TotalNo.176)　　　　Concrete全国建筑科学核心期刊ChinaBuildingScienceCorePeriodical　2　LCA的基本概念与方法2.1　LCALCA,、、、(fromcradletograve)[7]。LCA、、、,,,。2.2　LCAISO14040,LCA4:、、、[7]。,,LCA;,,,,[8];;,、,。3　粉煤灰再生混凝土系统环境负荷的分配方法,。[8]。SETAC(),,[9]。[9],Cm[10]。(EBr)(EBrf)(EBrc),EBrf=EBrc=EBr×50%。。EBrf=EBr×50%×Cm,EBrc=EBr×50%×(2-Cm)=EBr-EBrf。,Cm1,,();Cm1,,,[9]。Cm1。1　Cm[10]/%1020304050Ⅰ1.031.071.040.930.80CmⅡ0.970.960.880.740.59Ⅲ0.750.640.50——4　粉煤灰再生混凝土LCA评价4.1　,1。:1.3t,0.3t,50kg;1m3。5t,()5km30km。PE-150×250,0.6～3m3/h,0.5kw,。2。1　2　C/(kg/m3)FAⅠ/(kg/m3)W/(kg/m3)G/(kg/m3)NGRGS/(kg/m3)NSRSSP/%RC-0520　01451110　0620　01.2RC-3052001457773334341861.2RC-5052001455555555553101.2RC-10052001450111006201.2RFC-303901301457773334341861.2RFC-503901301455555555553101.2RFC-1003901301450111006201.2　　:NS,RS;NG,RG,SP。4.2　,3[6]4[6]。13.75kwh/m32kwh/m3,。341(1m3)LCA,5LCA,6,7LCA。3　[6]CO2/kgCO/kgCxHy/kgNOx/kgSO2/kg/kg(kwh)0.424kg0.0124GJ0.9384.00e-57.2e-55.1e-31.12e-30.1023(5t/km)0.2L0.004GJ0.6730.0021.1e-34.7e-31.36e-4—(1t)13.89kwh——————4.3　723,。,(30%、50%100%),21.6%、36.2%、·30·72.1%,CO15.4%、28.2%、53.8%,CxHy8.1%、13.5%、29.7%,,、CO2、NOxSO2。,,24.7%、39.4%、75.3%,CO17.9%、30.8%、56.4%,CxHy13.5%、18.9%、35.1%,,、CO2、NOxSO210%。4　[6]/kwh/kgCO2/kgCO/kgCxHy/kgNOx/kgSO2/kg/kg(1000kg)13.89———————(1000kg)13.75———————(1000kg)123.3204.48851.15e-22.73e-21.5330.35440(m3)2———————5　LCA/kg/LCO2/kgCO/kgCxHy/kgNOx/kgSO2/kg/kgRC0149.562.87565.600.0390.0371.390.3031.24RC30149.532.25563.440.0330.0341.370.30-487.77RC50P149.511.83561.980.0280.0321.360.30-833.77RC100149.460.80558.400.0180.0261.340.30-1698.76RFC30114.902.05430.420.0300.0291.070.23-494.91RFC50114.881.63428.430.0250.0271.060.23-840.91RFC100114.830.60424.850.0150.0211.040.23-1705.926　/kg/LCO2/kgCO/kgCxHy/kgNOx/kgSO2/kg/kgEBrRFC34.630.20133.553e-35e-30.30.07137EBrfRFC18.270.1170.451.58e-32.64e-30.160.03772EBrcRFC16.360.0963.11.42e-32.36e-30.140.03365　　:25%,。7　LCA/kg/LCO2/kgCO/kgCxHy/kgNOx/kgSO2/kg/kgRC0149.562.87565.600.0390.0371.390.3031.24RC30149.532.25563.440.0330.0341.370.30-487.77RC50149.511.83561.980.0280.0321.360.30-833.77RC100149.460.80558.400.0180.0261.340.30-1698.76RFC30133.172.16500.340.0320.0321.230.27-552.77RFC50133.151.74498.880.0270.0301.220.27-898.77RFC100133.100.71495.300.0170.0241.200.27-1763.762　·31·3　4.4　,,,,。、CO2、NOxSO2。,。5　结论1.(LCA)。2.,,。、CO、CxHy,、CO2、NOxSO2。。[][1],,.[J].,2002.4.[2],.[J].,1999.4.[3].[M].:,2002.5.[4],,.[J].,2003.2.[5],,.[D].,2002124～6,.[6],,.[J].,1998,18(4).[7].[M].,2001.10.[8],.[J].,1999,19(3).[9].[J].,2002.4.[10],.[J].,1999,27(2).[]　(1980-),,,。[]　114(410075)[]　0574-88246592;13857488759·21·4　Cl-/%4　结论(1),C3A,C3A。C3ACl-,C3A,,,。(2),,Cl-,Cl-,,。(3),,。:,,,Cl-C3A。[][1],,.[J].,2000,28(6):570-574.[2].[M].:,1998.[3],,.[J].,2001,4(2):148-153.[4]TangL,NilssonL.ChloridebindingcapacityandbindingisothermofOPCpastesandmortars[J].CementandConcreteResearch,1993,23(2):247-253.[5].()[M].:,1996.[6],,,.[J].,2002,35(6):100-104.[]　(1976-),,。[]　(410075)[]　0731-5640123·32·