改性活性炭纤维对重金属离子的动态吸附研究肖乐勤

　　　201129肖乐勤　陈霜艳　周伟良(,210094)　:研究了活性碳纤维ACF及经氧化及碱化改性后的活性碳纤维对重金属离子的动态吸附,采用Boehm滴定、比表面积及孔隙分析等方法表征了改性前后ACF的表面结构和表面化学性质。考察了流速、浓度、吸附剂用量及吸附剂类型对吸附效率的影响。结果表明:低浓度、低流速、低吸附剂(ACF)用量,均有利于ACF对重金属离子的吸附;改性后的ACF在吸附容量及穿透时间上均优于未改性的ACF,以经碱化改性ACF的效果最佳,其饱和吸附量为225.62mg/g,是未改性ACF饱和吸附量55.42mg/g的4倍。在混合离子的吸附中,对铅离子的吸附能力强于铜离子和镉离子。:活性碳纤维;动态吸附;重金属离子THEDYNAMICADSORPTIONOFHEAVYMETALSBYMODIFIEDACTIVATEDCARBONFIBERXiaoLeqin　ChenShuangyan　ZhouWeiliang(SchoolofChemistryEngineering,NanjingUni.ofSci.&Tech.,Nanjing210094,China)Abstract:Thisarticlestudiedthedynamicadsorptionofheavymetalsbyactivatedcarbonfiber(ACF)andmodifiedactivatedcarbonfiber.TheacidicgroupofACFsurfacewasidentifiedwithBoehmtitration,specificsurfaceareaandporestructures,whichwerecharacterizedbythenitrogenadsorptionisothermatliquidnitro-gentemperature.Parameters,suchasflowrate,concentration,massandtypeofACFwerestudied.Itwasfoundthatlowflowrate,lowconcentrationandfewmassofACFwerepropitioustoadsorptionofheavymet-als,thesaturationadsorptioncapacityandthebreakthroughtimeadvancednotablywithmodification,especial-lyisACF-O-Na,thesaturationadsorptioncapacityincreasednotablywithmodificationfrom55.42mg/gto225.62mg/g,theadsorptioncapacityofthePb2+ismorethantheadsorptioncapacityoftheCu2+andCr2+intheadsorptionofmixedion.Keywords:activatedcarbonfiber;dynamicadsorption;heavymetalion0　、、、、,,、,、、[1]。,,。。,。,。,,。(ActivatedCarbonFiber,ACF)2070、、,(1000～3000m2/g),[2],,[3]。[4],,0.1%,pH1,60min,COD70%。[5]HNO3、H2O2、NH3-NH4Cl,,H2O2ACF。[6]ACF,:。[7],289DOI:10.13205/j.hjgc.2011.s1.118　　　201129,。,。,,ACFACF、,ACF。1　1.1　试验装置,1。U15mm,200mm;()35.0g,5.5g;。1-;2-;3-ACF;4-;5-1　1.2　改性AFC的制备方法,1h,,,100℃。ACF。:、,2.0gACF80mLH2O2,,,100℃24h,,ACF-O(OH2O2)。:1.0gACF-O、0.5g、50%(V/V)50mL,90℃5h。,、、,ACF-O-。:2.0gACF-O,100mL1mol/LNaOH,24h,、、,ACF-O-Na。1.3　动态吸附试验方法ACF,,,,。1.4　性能分析1.4.1　BoehmACFACF。1.4.2　1h90℃4h350℃。MicromeriticsASAP2020N77K,0.001～0.995ACFACF。1.4.3　Pb2+50.0mg50.00mLPb2+,30min,。10mL(UNICAM989AA)Pb2+。:SOLLAAR989;:283.3nm;:0.5nm;:8mA;:2.07bar;:0.62bar。1.5　饱和吸附量的计算:q=∫t0Q(C0-Ct)dt=QC0t-∫t0QCtdtC0;Ctt;Q;∫t0QCtdtt。2　2.1　表面改性对ACF表面化学的影响ACF,1。1　ACF/(mmol·g-1)ACF---1.07ACF-OH2O2(1)60℃2h1.71H2O2(1)60℃3h2.32H2O2(1)60℃4h1.88H2O2(1)75℃2h2.00H2O2(1)90℃2h2.46H2O2(1)90℃3h2.75H2O2(2)90℃2h4.16H2O2(3)90℃2hACF-O--50℃2h3.21ACF-O---90℃5h3.33ACF-O--90℃5h4.52　　:123。290　　　201129　　1ACFACF,:ACF-O-ACF-O--ACF-O-ACF-O。H2O2,,;,H2O2,,H2O2,ACF,。2.2　ACF的孔结构分析ACF2。2　ACFQm/cm3SBET/(m2·g-1)Vt/(cm3·g-1)D/nmACF289.271259.230.598619.01ACF-O287.391251.050.609319.48ACF-O-256.461116.430.552419.79ACF-O--254.161106.390.551519.94　　2:ACF、ACF-O、ACF-O-、ACF-O-NaACF-O--,,0.1,90%,,,,,,。,ACF,,,;ACF,。,2ACFACF,,ACF,。2　ACFACFBJHACFACF3,3ACFACF,,(2～50nm)2～4nm,4～50nm,50nm。ACFACF,ACF,ACF-O-Na2nm,。3　ACFACF2.3　流速对穿透曲线的影响ACF1.0g,C019mg/L,Pb2+CC0C/C0=0.05,Pb2+(1mg/L),,C/C0=0.95,,。,,4、3。4　ACFPb2+3　ACFPb2+/(mL·min-1)/min/(mg·g-1)/(mg·L-1)530.0017.8519.001025.0028.0019.001510.0032.2219.00291　　　201129　　4、3:,,,5mL/min30min15mL/min10min,。15mL/min。2.4　浓度对穿透曲线的影响,15mL/min,Pb2+,Pb2+,,,5、4。5　ACFPb2+4　ACFPb2+/(mg·L-1)/min/(mg·g-1)/(mL·min-1)19.0020.0032.2215.0045.0015.0093.8915.0095.005.00186.0215.00　　Pb2+,,,19mg/mL20min,95mg/mL5min,,ACF。2.5　吸附剂ACF用量对穿透曲线的影响,,,,5、6。5　ACFPb2+/g/min/(mg·g-1)/(mL·min-1)0.505.0055.4215.001.0020.0032.2215.001.5045.0017.0115.006　ACFACFPb2+　　5、6:ACF,,,,。,,。2.6　不同吸附剂ACF对穿透曲线的影响,,7,,6。7　(ACF)Pb2+6　Pb2+/min/(mg·g-1)/(mL·min-1)ACF5.0055.4215.00ACF-O10.00177.2415.00ACF-O-Na110.00225.6215.00　　6:ACF,,ACF-O-Na。,ACFACF。2.7　改性ACF对混合离子的动态吸附0.5gACF-O-Na,Pb2+、Cu2+Cd2+1:1:1,Pb2+、Cu2+Cd2+,ACF-O-Na,292　　　201129,8、7。8　ACF-O-Na7　ACF-O-Na/min/(mg·g-1)/(mg·L-1)/(mL·min-1)Cd2+15.0097.2919.0015.00Cu2+20.00117.7419.0015.00Pb2+30.00136.4419.0015.00　　76:,,,,225.62mg/g136.44mg/g,,Pb2+Cu2+Cd2+。3　1)、、(ACF),ACF,。　　2),ACFACF。ACF-O-Na,0.5g,19mg/L15mL/min,225.62mg/g,ACF55.42mg/g。3)ACFPb2+Cu2+Cd2+。[1],,.[J].,2002,10(1):33-36.[2]EVilaplana-Ortego,JAlcaniz-Monge,DCazorla-Amors,etal.Activatedcarbonfibremonoliths[J].FuelProcessingTechnology,2002(77/78):445-451.[3],.[M].1.:,1995.[4],,.[J].(),2003(3):432-435.[5],,.[J].,2004(3):16-19.[6],.[J].,2003(3):188-192[7].[D].:,2004:53-64.　　210094　200　(025)84303821E-mail　[e-mail]2010-11-22(238)1.5～4.5m3。6%ρ0:ρ0=21-621-WO2×ρ(5)WO2———,%。4　1),。2),,,,。。[1].[J].,2006,19(2):41-43.[2],,.[J].,2002,18(4):13-14.[3]HJ/T179-2005　-/-[S].[4]HJ2001-2010　-[S].[5]GB/T16157-1996　[S].　　510663　80G6　(020)32058157E-mail　[e-mail]2011-04-21293