改性膨润土处理石化含油废水试验研究

叶新才1王占岐2赵宇宁2(1,430074;2)分别用碳酸钠(Na2CO3)和溴化十六烷基三甲铵(CTMAB)对膨润土进行改性,研究了改性膨润土吸附石化含油废水中油的性能及适宜条件结果表明,有机改性膨润土除油效果比钠化改性膨润土和提纯土好,其饱和吸附容量也远高于提纯土;对于浓度221mg/L的含油废水,有机膨润土用量为5.0g/L,油的去除率可达97%AbstractTwomodifiedbentonitesweresynthesizedbyplacingNa2CO3andcetyltrimethylammoniumbromide(CTMAB)onbentonite.Theoptimalconditionsandpropertiesformodifiedbentonitestoadsorboilinpetrochemicalwastewaterwereinvestigated.ItwasindicatedthatthesaturationadsorbingcapacitiesandremovalratesfororganobentonitesmodifiedbyCTMABtotreatoilandCODinwastewaterweremorethanthatforthemod-ifiedandpurifiedbentonites.Theremovalratesofoilfromwastewaterwhichdensityis221mg/Lbyaddingorganobentonitesatthedosageof5.0g/Lweremorethan97%.改性膨润土石化含油废水处理去除率Keywordsmodifiedbentoniteoilcontainingpetrochemicalwastewatertreatmentremovalrate,COD[1],[2],;;;;,,21,,,,[3],,,[4~5],11.1材料与仪器,:7656mmol/100g111.95m2/g;:{E0.301}(Al1.418Fe3+0.298Mg0.268Fe2+0.007)[Si]4O10(OH)2,E,221mg/L,COD675mg/L;(CTMAB)(Na2CO3),:UV-2401-ET-1,,D/MAX-3b1.2有机膨润土制备,,25%,85~903~4h,pH9,,200,10%,30min,,(CTMAB),60~8090min,,,,90,1052h,200,1.3实验与测试方法200mL,,pH,,,,,225nm;CODCr;CODCr,CODCr=(CODCr-CODCr)/CODCr;4127220043非金属矿Non-MetallicMinesVol.27No.2Mar.,2004(%)=(1-A/A0)100%:A0A,22.1X射线衍射分析2550%,D/MAX-3b(1)1,(CTMAB)(),,1()土样提纯土钠化土有机土层间距/nm1.56691.27732.04162.2不同膨润土品种对含油废水处理效果比较0.20.51.0g,200mL,(,),2,,221mg/L,79.9%,COD77.9%;221mg/L,COD97.0%92.0%,6.61mg/LCOD50.96mg/L,(GB8978-1996),10mg/LCOD100mg/L,2土样油/(mg/L)CODCr/(mg/L)类型用量处理前处理后去除率处理前处理后去除率提纯土02221446279816751490477920.522128.0287.32675111.3183.51122129.7286.55675115.9082.83钠化土02221242789026751042284560.522121.8690.1167598.3585.43122123.7689.25675103.2184.71有机土0222130528619675916786420.522110.5295.2467555.9691.7112216.6197.0167550.9692.452.3适宜条件确定2.3.1:,200mL,1.0g,1.3,1(),,,10min,74.5%;,,,;40min97.0%,40min图1不同因素对油去除率的影响左-搅拌吸附时间;右-改性有机土用量2.3.2:CTMAB0.20.51.01.52.02.5g,(200mL),1(),,0.5g,942%;1.0g,97.0%2.3.3pH:pH,1.3,pH,2(),pH2~8,,4~8pH2~6,pH,;pH6~12,pH,,:,H+,,;,H+,,;,,图2不同因素对除油效果的影响左-pH值;右-温度2.3.4:pH7221mg/L40min,,,2(),,,30,98.1%;,4042272非金属矿20043,,;,,,2.4膨润土对废水中油的饱和吸附容量1.0g,221mg/L200mLpH6,24h,:38.2539.4542.88mg/g,,;,,,,2.5吸附等温曲线pH61.0g40min,55~221mg/L,,;lgClgQ,,,3:Q=V(C0-C)/M:V,,L;C0,,mg/L;C,,mg/L;M,,g图3有机膨润土对油的吸附等温线3,,lgQ=3.6118lgC-14030,0.9585,Freundlich,3,,;,,,,,,,,,,4,60~150/t,18000/t7000~8000/t,12000~18000/t,,,,,51,2221mg/L,30pH4~840min5.0g/L,97.0%,(10mg/LCOD100mg/L)3,Freundlich4,,,,,,1王良均.石化废水处理手册[M].北京:中国石化出版社,19962丁忠浩.有机废水处理技术及应用[M].北京:化学工业出版社,20023BoydS.A.,etal.Sorptioncharacteristicsoforganiccompoundsonhexadecyltrimethylammoniumsmectite[J].SoilSci.SocAm.J.,1988,52:652~6574朱利中.溴化十六烷基三甲铵膨润土对印染废水的脱色处理[J].水处理技术,1994,20(1):56~595苏玉红,朱利中,陈苏晓.有机膨润土多次吸附模拟废水中苯酚的性能及机理[J].环境科学,2001,22(5):55~59收稿日期:2003-11-09()2004年7月20~23日(青岛)举行联系电话:[phone](张苏);0532-3871200(付胡)43272非金属矿20043