高负荷厌氧氨氧化EGSB反应器的运行及其颗粒污泥的ECP特性唐崇俭

　61　3　　　　　　　　　　　　Vol.61　No.3　20103　　CIESC　Journal　　　March　2010EGSBECP唐崇俭,郑　平,汪彩华,张吉强,陈建伟,丁　爽(,310029):(anaerobicammoniumoxidation,anammox),。360mg·L-1,0.5,230d,(expanded-granularsludgebed,EGSB)(1.1L)6.9h0.30h,50.75kg·m-3·d-1,2。(2.51±0.91)mm,1.899kg·(kgVSS)-1·d-1,(extracellularpolymers,ECP)143.00mg·(gVSS)-1。,,,“”PN/PS,。:;EGSB;;;:X703　　　　　　:A:0438-1157(2010)03-0732-08Granulationandcharacteristicsofextracellularpolymersofanammoxsludgeinhigh-loadEGSBreactorTANGChongjian,ZHENGPing,WANGCaihua,ZHANGJiqiang,CHENJianwei,DINGShuang(DepartmentofEnvironmentalEngineering,ZhejiangUniversity,Hangzhou310029,Zhejiang,China)Abstract:Higheffectivenessisoneofthemostattractiveadvantagesoftheanaerobicammoniumoxidation(anammox)processfornitrogenremovalfromammonium-richwastewater.Granulationisconsideredtoplayavitalroleindevelopmentofhigh-loadbioreactors.Thehydraulicretentiontime(HRT)ofthe1.1LanammoxEGSB(expanded-granularsludgebed)reactorwasprogressivelyshortenedfrom6.9hto0.30h;whiletheinfluentnitriteconcentrationwasfixedat360mg·L-1andtheeffluentrecyclingwasmaintainedat0.5constantly.Asuperhighnitrogenremovalrate,50.75kg·m-3·d-1wasrecorded,whichwas2timesofthehighestvaluereportedbefore.Granulationoftheanammoxmicroorganismsoccurredinthehigh-loadanammoxEGSBreactor.Theaveragediameterofthehigh-loadanammoxgranuleswas(2.51±0.91)mmandthespecificanammoxactivityreached1.899kg·(gVSS)-1·d-1.Theextracellularpolymers(ECP)contentwas143.00mg·(gVSS)-1,whichwasamazinglyhighwhencomparedtoheterotrophicmicrobialgranules.Theextracellularproteinsincreasedatahigherratealongwiththeincreaseofhydrodynamicshearstress,resultinginover-productionofextracellularproteins.Thusthestabilityoftheanammoxgranulesdecreasedandsludgewashoutbecameinevitable.Keywords:anammox;EGSBreactor;granularsludge;extracellularpolymers;biologicalnitrogenremoval　　2009-09-17,2009-10-15。:。:(1984—),,。:(2006AA06Z332);(30770039)。　　　Receiveddate:2009-09-17.Correspondingauthor:Prof.ZHENGPing,[e-mail]:supportedbytheHigh-techResearchandDevelopmentProgramofChina(2006AA06Z332)andtheNationalNaturalScienceFoundationofChina(30770039).　　,(anammox)[1],。,,,[2]。,1kg0.75,-(2～5/kg)[3]。,,。[4]。。26.0kg·m-3·d-1[5];()9.5kg·m-3·d-1[4];25.04kg·m-3·d-1[6]。,()(HRT)(),;,。(extracellularpolymers,ECP)[7-8]。,,ECP[9],ECP,。ECP,。,,,ECP。1　1.1　,(g·L-1)[10]:KH2PO40.01,CaCl2·2H2O0.0056,MgSO4·7H2O0.3,KHCO31.25;Ⅰ、Ⅱ1.25ml·L-1。Ⅰ(g·L-1):EDTA5,FeSO45。Ⅱ(g·L-1)[11]:EDTA15,H3BO40.014,MnCl2·4H2O0.99,CuSO4·5H2O0.25,ZnSO4·7H2O0.43,NiCl2·6H2O0.19,NaSeO4·10H2O0.21,NaMoO4·2H2O0.22。NH+4-NNO-2-N(NH4)2SO4NaNO2,。1.2　(expanded-granularsludgebed,EGSB)(1),,1.1L,,[12]。,anammox,,。pH6.8[13],(35±1)℃。1　EGSBFig.1　SchematicdiagramofanammoxEGSBreactorsystems　1.3　[6]。EGSB,19.5gVSS·L-1,VSS/TSS0.89。,EGSB。1.4　,360mg·L-1,(0.5)。(HRT)。,[5-6]。1.5　:-[14];:N-(1-)-[14];:[14];pH:pHS-9V;TSS、VSS:[14]。:LeicaDM2LB(QCOLite)。·733·　3　　:EGSBECP:120ml100mlNH+4-NNO-2-N100mg·L-1,,0.6gVSS·L-1,95%Ar-5%CO220min。,,,35℃。150r·min-1,20min,NH+4-NNO-2-N。,[15]。(ECP):EDTA,-Folin-[16]。2　2.1　360mg·L-1[2(a)],0.5,,,3:①20mg·L-1100mg·L-1,HRT,10mg·L-1,,HRT[23～26d;46～50d;125～160d;2(a)];②100mg·L-1,([17]),HRT[13～17d;102～106d;2(a)],,10mg·L-1,HRT[2(a)];③[5-6][2(a)]。3,230d,HRT6.9h0.30h[2(a)],2.29kg·m-3·d-160.70kg·m-3·d-1[2(c)]。,95%[2(b)],(50.75±0.18)kg·m-3·d-1[2(c)],2(25.04～26.0kg·m-3·d-1[5-6]),(22.51±0.15)kg·m-3·d-1,(37.0±2.6)L·L-1·d-1。,(56.0±7.2)mg·L-1[2(a)]。2(d),,NO-2-N/NH+4-N1.24±0.05(1.1～1.4),NO-3-N/NH+4-N0.20±0.02(0.15～0.25),[1.320.26;(1)[18]]。,(L)(g)1.66±0.10(1.4～1.8)L·g-1[2(d)],1.687L·g-1[(1)]。。NH+4+1.32NO-2+0.066HCO-3+0.13H+1.02N2+0.26NO-3+0.066CH2O0.5N0.15+2.03H2O(1)2.2　2.2.1　表观性状　230d,HRT0.30h,80L·L-1·d-1,40L·L-1·d-1,(superficialliquidupflowvelocity,SLUV)2.93m·h-1,(superficialgasupflow·734·　　　　　61　velocity,SGUV)0.68m·h-1,3。,。,,[19-20]。RTQ-PCR(Dr.HuBao-LanfromDepartmentofMicrobiology,RadboudUniversityNijmegen,personalcommunication),16SrDNA6.89×1010copies·ml-1,(8.2×107copies·ml-1[21])3。·735·　3　　:EGSBECP2.2.2　粒径分布　EGSB1。(2.51±0.91)mm,1.45～3.70mm81.86%;1mm,EGSB。Stocks,,,。,。Ni[22],1.0～1.3mm;1.5mm,,。,2mm68.8%,,[23]。2.2.3　反应活性　,,1　Table1　Diameterdistributionofhigh-loadanammoxgranulesDiameter/mmNumber/%1.00—1.458.551.45—1.9022.691.90—2.3517.292.35—2.8016.022.80—3.2513.363.25—3.7012.53.70—4.156.254.15—4.600.64.60—5.051.95.05—5.5005.50—5.9505.95—6.400.834　Fig.4　Batchtestofhigh-loadanammoxgranules　(specificanammoxactivity,SAA)(1.732±0.176)kg·(kgVSS)-1·d-1[1.899kg·(kgVSS)-1·d-1](4),[0.1～0.5kg·(kgVSS)-1·d-1][24]。2.3　(extracellularpolymers,ECP)[7-8]。ECP,[25]、()[16,26]、[27][28],ECP,。2EGSBECP。2,,ECP,。·736·　　　　　61　2　ECPTable2　ContentofECPinanammoxgranulesunderdifferentnitrogenremovalratesNitrogenremovalrate/kg·m-3·d-1Polysaccharides/mg·(gVSS)-1Proteins/mg·(gVSS)-1ECP/mg·(gVSS)-1PN/PS6.02±0.2916.67±0.2922.01±0.3838.68±0.291.32±0.0420.90±0.5626.20±0.7036.64±0.5062.84±1.101.40±0.0347.59±1.1045.50±1.3497.50±7.40143.00±6.102.15±0.233　ECPTable3　ECPcontentindifferentmicrobialgranulesGranularsludgeExtracellularpolymersProteins/mg·(gVSS)-1Polysaccharides/mg·(gVSS)-1PN/PSHRT/hReferenceanammoxgranule