2020-2021年阅读理解记叙文

2020-2021年阅读理解记叙文一、英语阅读理解记叙文（含答案详细解析）1．阅读材料，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Theyearwas1859.AmericaandEnglandhadalreadyfoughttwowars.Now,theywereatpeace.Butonedayapiggothungry.Anditnearlycausedanotherwarbetweenthetwocountries.ThepigwasownedbyaBritishmanwholivedonasmallisland.TheislandwasjustoffthewesternpartofNorthAmerica.BothEnglandandtheUSsaidtheislandwastheirs.AcrosstheislandfromtheBritishmanlivedsomeAmericanfarmers.Everyoneontheislandgotalongpeacefully.ButthepeaceendedthedaytheBritishman'spigdecidedtoeatsomeofanAmericanfarmer'spotatoes.OneoftheAmericanfarmersshotandkilledthepig.Thenthepig'sownerwanted$100fromthemanwhoshottheanimal.Thatwasalotofmoney,sothefarmerrefusedtopayit.TheBritishandAmericansbegantoargue,andthesituationgotworse.Thefarmersaskedthegovernorovertheislandatthattimeforhelp.Hesentagroupofsoldierstoprotectthefarmers.TheBritishansweredbysending2,000soldiers.TheBritishwereononesideoftheisland,andtheAmericanswereontheother.Theproblemthatbeganwiththepigwasabouttobecomeashootingwar.WhennewsoftheproblemreachedWashingtonandLondon,bothleadersweresurprised.Neithercountrywantedanotherwar.Theysentsomementotrytofixtheproblem.Afteradiscussion,itwasdecidedthateachcountrywouldkeepasmallgroupofsoldiersontheisland.Theywouldstaythereuntilthetwocountriescoulddecidewhoownedtheisland.Thentheotherswouldhavetoleave.Twelveyearswentby.Neithersidewantedtogiveutheisland,buttheyknewtheyhadtodosomething.TheyaskedtheleaderofGermanytohelpdecide.Afternearlyayearofdiscussion,adecisionwasmade.Americawouldgettheisland.Finally,thePigWarwasoverandonlyoneshotwasfired.Thatwastheshotthatkilledthepig!（1）Whatcausedtheproblemontheislandaccordingtothepassage?A.AnAmericanshotaBritishman.B.Agroupofsoldierscametotheisland.C.BritishmendestroyedanAmerican'sfarmland.D.ABritishman'spigatesomepotatoesofanAmericanfarmer's.（2）TheunderlinedwordtheyinParagraph4refersto________.A.thefarmersB.theleadersC.thesoldiersD.theGermans（3）Accordingtothepassage,therealpurposeofthetwocountrieswas________.A.toownanislandB.tokillapigC.togetmoremoneyD.tostartawar（4）Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?A.ThePigIslandB.ThePigWarC.ThePigontheIslandD.TheIslandWar【答案】（1）D（2）C（3）A（4）B【解析】【分析】文章大意：英美两国因一头英国人饲养的猪吃了美国人种植的土豆引起的争端，其实他们最终的目的就是争夺小岛的所有权，（1）细节理解题。根据文中的语句ButthepeaceendedthedaytheBritishman'spigdecidedtoeatsomeofanAmericanfarmer'spotatoes.理解可知，这场战争的主要起因就是英国人的猪吃了美国人的土豆，故选D。（2）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Afteradiscussion,itwasdecidedthateachcountrywouldkeepasmallgroupofsoldiersontheisland.Theywouldstaythereuntilthetwocountriescoulddecidewhoownedtheisland.理解可知，经过讨论，决定每个国家在岛上保留一小队士兵。他们将一直呆在那里，直到两国决定谁拥有这个岛。they指代的就是士兵，故选C。（3）细节理解题。根据文中的语句Twelveyearswentby.Neithersidewantedtogiveutheisland,buttheyknewtheyhadtodosomething.TheyaskedtheleaderofGermanytohelpdecide.Afternearlyayearofdiscussion,adecisionwasmade.Americawouldgettheisland.理解可知，英美两国的最终目的就是争夺小岛的所有权，故选A。（4）标题推断题。通读全文可知，英美的争议是因一头猪吃了土豆引起的，其实他们最终的目的就是争夺小岛的所有权，故选B。【点评】考阅读理解。本题主要涉及细节理解题和主旨大意题。细节理解题可以直接从文中找到答案，而主旨大意题需要认真阅读仔细理解，归纳出中心思想。2．阅读短文，从各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ByAnnaMatteo28January,2019A3-year-oldboywhowaslostinthewoodsfortwodaysisnowsafeathomewithhisfamily.ButCaseyHathawaytoldhisrescuers（救援者）thathewasnotaloneintherainy,freezingcoldwoods.Hesaidhewaswithafriend—abear.ThechildwentmissingonJanuary22whileplayingwithfriendsnearhisgrandmother'shouseinNorthCarolina.WhentheotherchildrenreturnedbutCaseydidnot,thefamilysearchedtheareaforalmostanhourbeforecallingthepolice.Policeformedasearchteamtolookfortheyoungboyinthenearbywoods.Buttwodayswentbyand—noCasey.ThenonJanuary24,someonecalledthepolicesayingheheardachildcryinginthewoods.PolicefollowedupontheinformationandfoundCaseyatabout9:30thatnight.Hewasingoodhealth.Caseytoldtherescuershehadhungoutwithablackbearfortwodays,abearhecalledhisfriend.ThepoliceofficerChipHughesspokewithreportersfromseveralnewsagencies.HesaidCaseydidnotsayhowhecouldsurviveinthewoodsfortwodaysinthecold,rainyweather.However,thepoliceofficersaid,hedidsayhehadafriendinthewoodsthatwasabearwithhim.Hundredsofpeoplehelpedinthesearchandrescueefforts,includingsome600volunteers,policeandmembersofthearmy.DoctorsatthemedicalcentergaveCaseysomeexamination.HewasthensenttohisfamilyonJanuary25.Hismothertalkedwithreportersandthankedeveryonewhojoinedthesearchforherson.Wejustwanttotelleverybodythatwe'reverythankfulthatyoutookthetimeouttosearchforCasey,saidhismother.HeisupandtalkingHe'salreadyaskedtowatchcartoons.（1）WhostayedwithCaseyinthewoodsduringthetwodays?A.Abear.B.Thepolice.C.Hismother.D.Thevolunteers.（2）TheunderlinedwordsurviveinParagraph6probablymeans▲.A.giveupB.getlostC.fallasleepD.remainalive（3）Whatisthecorrectorderinwhichthesehappen?a.Someoneheardachildcrying.b.ThefamilystartedtolookforCasey.c.Caseyplayedwithhisfriends.d.ThepolicefoundCaseywasingoodhealth.A.b-c-a-dB.b-c-d-aC.c-b-a-dD.c-b-d-a（4）AfterCaseywassentbackhome,hewas________.A.scaredB.nervousC.relaxedD.surprised【答案】（1）A（2）D（3）C（4）C【解析】【分析】文章大意：文章讲述了三岁的孩子CaseyHathaway在丢失之后的神奇的经历。他跟一只大熊游逛了两天。（1）细节理解题，根据Hesaidhewaswithafriendabear.可知他跟一只熊在一起，故答案是A。（2）词义猜测题题，小男孩丢