美国政治体制英文版介绍

英语1204张灵芝1.SystemofgovernmentofUS•Federalism•thereisafederalornationalgovernment.•thereareindividualstates,eachwithitsowngovernment.2.ThreeBranchesofGovernment•Thelegislativebranch(立法)•Theexecutivebranch（执行）•Thejudicialbranch（司法）•TheSenate—参议院•TheHouseofRepresentatives—众议院•Congress'smainfunctionistomakelaws.TheSenate—参议院1.Composition:100senator2.Thespeaker:vicepresident3.Tenure:6years4.Thequalification:1）atleast30yearsold2）9years’Americancitizenship3）localpersonTheHouseofRepresentatives众议院1.Composition:about340senator2.Thespeaker:electionbythemselves3.Tenure:2years1）atleast25yearsold4.Thequalification:2）7years’Americancitizenship3）localperson•headedbythePresident•administersthelaws•interpretsthelaws•makessurethatnewlawsareinkeepingwiththeConstitution3.Constitution•Aconstitutionisasetofrulesforacountry.Itdefineshowthecountryshouldberunandhownewrulesshouldbemade.4.MajorParties•TheDemocraticParty民主党•TheRepublicanParty共和党TheDemocraticParty•ThomasJefferson•theDemocratic-RepublicParty•thedominantpoliticalpartyintheUSfrom1800suntilthe1820sTheRepublicanParty•AbrahamLincoln,1854•tokeepslaveryfromspreadingtootherpartsofthecountry•ThepartypresidedovertheAmericanCivilWarTheOriginofDonkeyandElephantDemocraticdonkeyRepublicanelephant