海水养殖对环境的影响

(510275),,,,2010%,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,1,,,Braaten[1],20%,Gowen[2],76%76%,52%-95%,WallinHaknison[3],15-30%,16%-26%,51%-59%,,KautshyEvans[4](MytilusEdulis),1.76g,0.13g0.0017g0.00026gRodlhouse[5],m28.5kg1.1kg,C/N8,,,1990[6],922000122.1,,,[7],,DOpH,24hDO8mg/LpH8.06.012h,,,,8hDOpH7.0mg/L8.05.0,[8]4m,,,,,H2S,,,,260hm2120hm2,,4mCOD5.00mg/dm3,,,4mSiO32-12.5-63.3umol/dm3,PO43-1.32-4.77umol/dm3,NO36.02-12.50umol/dm3Redfield,N:P16Ø1,N:P,RedfieldRedfield[9],Si:N:P20:21:1,0.5umol/dm3[10],,0.5m2.0m,0.5umol/dm3,4.0m,si:N:Psi:N:P10:10.5:0.5,,,,,,,,Craggs,,,,2.2,,,,,,,,[12][13],230300tCOD10%,2710-6,,,0320001,,,,,,,,,,,33.1,,,[16],,,,,,,,[17]3.2,,,,,,,,,NP,,,,3.3,,,N,,,[16]3.4,,,,,,,,,,[17],,,3.5,,1BraatenB.etalPolluntiononNorwegianfishfarms.AquacultureIreland,1983,14:6-72Gowen.R.J.andBradbury,N.B,1320001Theecologicalimpactofsalmonfarmingincoastalwatersareview[J]:Oceanogr.MarBiol.Ann.Rev.1987,25:563-5753WALAIN,M.andL.Hakason,Nutrientloadingmodelsforestimatingtheenviron2memtaleffectsofmarinefishfarm[M].InmarineAquacultureandEnvircnmentedit2edbyT.MakinenCopenhagen,Nordiccouncilofministers.Nord1991(22):39-554Cho,C.Y.andKaushy,S,J,Effectsofpro2teinintakeonmetabolicableandnetenetgyvaluesoffishdiets[M]:InCowey,C,B,Markie,A.M,Bell,J,B,edsfeedingandNutrition.1985,65:259-3295Rodhouse,P.G.etal.,Productionofmus2sels.Mytilusedulis,insuspendedcultureandestimatesofcarbonandnitrogenflow[J]:Biol.Assoc.U.K.,1985,65:55-686.,1997,21(2):174-1847..,1999,18(2):11-158,,,1998,20(1):134-1439Smith.S.V.Phospherusversusmirogenlimitationinthemarineenvironment,Lim2nolOceanogr.,1984,29(1):1149-116010,,.:,1993,98-10811CraggsRJ,SmithVJ,McauleyPJ.Wastewatermutrientremovalbymarinemiercalgaeculturedunderambientcondi2tionsinmini-pondsBiolandMedSci,1995,31(12):151-16012..,1994,11,1:29-3213.,1996,15(4):58-6114..,1993,12(3-4):7-1415..,1995,14(2):53-6016.,1999,18(4):40-4317..,1998,28(2)253-257,,,,1992,100,100,2320001