定语从句的判断及基本用法-

1Sentencepattern•英语句式可分为三类：简单句(Simplesentence)，并列句(Compoundsentence)和复合句(Complexsentence)2•当一个句子只包含一个主谓结构时称为简单句。•含有两个或两个以上独立分句的句子叫并列句，这些独立分句处于平等的、互不依从的并列地位。3•复合句是一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句是全句的主体，通常可以独立存在；从句则是一个句子成分，不能独立存在。但是从句也有主语和谓语部分。所不同在于，从句须由一个关联词引导，起到联系从句和主句的作用。4Whichsentencepatternisit?•Shewasanauthorandshewrotethisgreatbook.•Shewasanauthor.Shewrotethisgreatbook.•Shewastheauthorwhowrotethisgreatbook.并列句简单句复合句5Howtodistinguishanattributiveclause?6大家有疑问的，可以询问和交流可以互相讨论下，但要小声点7Shewasthepersonwhowrotethisgreatbook.先行词关系词主句定语从句在主从复合句中起定语作用，修饰句中的名词或代词的从句称为定语从句，被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词(theantecedent)。引导定语从句的词叫关系词(theguideword)。8Step1：找谓语动词•Myambitionistoworkforafirmthatdevelopscomputersoftware.9Step2:判断句式•判断句子是简单句(只有一个主谓结构)，并列句(由并列连词and,but,or等连接)还是复合句(由从属连词引导)•Myambitionistoworkforafirmthatdevelopscomputersoftware.复合句that10Step3：找从句及主句•从句也有主语和谓语部分，从句须由一个关联词引导，起到联系从句和主句的作用。•关联词之后的主谓结构与关联词构成从句。•Myambitionistoworkforafirmthatdevelopscomputersoftware.从句thatdevelopscomputersoftware11Step4：判断从句类型•根据从句在句子中充当的成分来判断从句类型。•Myambitionistoworkforafirmthatdevelopscomputersoftware.名词充当先行词thatdevelopscomputersoftware定语从句12•ProfessorSmithwhohasreturnedfromHarvardUniversitywillgivealectureonBritishliteratureinthelecturehalltomorrow.•ThisisthebiggestchangethatIhaveexperiencedsofar.•Thenovelthatyoulentmelastweekisreallyinterestingandtouching.whofromHarvardUniversitywhohasreturnedthatthatIhaveexperiencedsofarthatthatyoulentmelastweek13141.Thebreakthroughcameafter40yearsofresearchbyProfessorGeoffRaisman,whofoundthatcellshadthepossibilitytorepairdamagetonasal(鼻腔的)nerves,theonlypartofthenervoussystemthatconstantlyre-grows.2.“Theideawastotakesomethingfromanareawherethenervoussystemcanrepairitself,anddoessothroughoutlife,andputitintoanareathatdoesn’trepairitself,”,ProfessorRaismansaid.15•Thebreakthroughcameafter40yearsofresearchbyProfessorGeoffRaisman,whofoundthatcellshadthepossibilitytorepairdamagetonasal(鼻腔的)nerves,theonlypartofthenervoussystemthatconstantlyre-grows.whofoundthatcellshadthepossibilitytorepairdamagetonasal(鼻腔的)nervesthatconstantlyre-grows非限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语16•“Theideawastotakesomethingfromanareawherethenervoussystemcanrepairitself,anddoessothroughoutlife,andputitintoanareathatdoesn’trepairitself,”,ProfessorRaismansaid.wherethenervoussystemcanrepairitselfthatdoesn’trepairitself限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作状语限定性定语从句，关系词在从句中作主语17定语从句的考察考察形式•阅读中长难句分析•语法填空•短文改错•书面表达考点•从句判断•关系词•主谓一致18判断方法关系词关系词只用which关系词只用who关系词只用that关系副词在从句中作状语19判断方法关系词关系代词关系副词关系词只用which关系词只用who关系词只用that关系副词在从句中作状语找从句(缺成分)，前有名词或代词which,that,who,whom,as,whosewhen,where,whywhywherewhen先行词为时间名词，表时间先行词为reason，表原因先行词为(抽象化)地点名词，表地点theonly,thevery;thesame,no,any;两项并列人与物;不定、序数、最高级在非限定性定语从句中先行词“非人”;当从句中谓语动词短语中的介词提前时先行词是one,ones,anyone,those等时;在非限定性定语从句中，先行词指人时20IjustreadabookcalledTechnoStress,1.___waswrittenbyDr.MichelleM.Weil.Herco-authorwasDr.LarryD.Rosen,2.___isherhusbandandalsoapsychologist.Accordingtotheauthors,everybodyfeelsstressedabouttechnology.Ourcellphones,3.___webuyforemergencies,sooninvadeourprivacy.Justbecausetheycan,peoplecontactusatplaceswherewearerelaxing.Anotherproblem4.___wearefacingis5.___wehavetolearntoomuchtoofast.Technologicalchanges,6.___usedtocomeoneatatime,nowoverwhelm(淹没)us.Dr.Weilsuggests7.__wereadherlatestbook,8.___wecanturnindealingwithtechnostress.Itcanbepurchasedfromherwebsite.21Groupwork•统一答案•找出定语从句（从句类型，先行词，关系词所充当的句子成分）22•IjustreadabookcalledTechnoStress,1._______waswrittenbyDr.MichelleM.Weil.Herco-authorwasDr.LarryD.Rosen,2.______isherhusbandandalsoapsychologist.Accordingtotheauthors,everybodyfeelsstressedabouttechnology.Ourcellphones,3._______webuyforemergencies,sooninvadeourprivacy.whowhichwhich23•Justbecausetheycan,peoplecontactusatplaceswherewearerelaxing.Anotherproblem4.____________wearefacingis5.______wehavetolearntoomuchtoofast.Technologicalchanges,6.________usedtocomeoneatatime,nowoverwhelm(淹没)us.Dr.Weilsuggests7._____wereadherlatestbook,8._________wecanturnindealingwithtechnostress.Itcanbepurchasedfromherwebsite.that/whichthatwhichthattowhich24Takeacardfromtheteacher.Workingroupsanddescribetheobjectorthepersononyourcardbyusingattributiveclausewithin2minutes.Shareyourworkwithyourclassmatesandguesswhoorwhatitis.251.Thisisthefactorywherewevisitedlastweek.2.ThepersontowhoyouspokeisastudentofGradeTwo.3.Thesungivesofflightandwarmth,thatmakesitpossibleforplantstogrow.4.I’vereadallthebookswhichIborrowedfromthelibrary.which/that或者删掉where先行词作宾语whom,关系词前有介词which,非限制性定语从句that，先行词有不定代词all修饰265.ThisisthebestfilmwhichIhaveeverseen.6.MyfatherandMr.Smithtalkedaboutthingsandpersonswhotheyrememberedinthecountry.7.Everythingwhichwesawwasofgreatinterest.8.Theyworkinafactorythatmakeradioparts.that,先行词由最高级修饰that,先行词有人也有物that,先行词是不定代词makes,先行词(第三人称单数)在从句中作主语2728Tellwhetherthefollowingsentencesincludeattributiveclauseornot.Ifyes,markit.1.Laterthatafternoon,anotherbigquakewhichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookTangshan.2.Thearmyorganizedteamstodigoutthosewhoweretrappedandtoburythedead.whichwasalmostasstrongasthefirstoneshookwhoweretrapped293.Iknowyouaredy